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Multimedia is the integration of text, graphics, sound, still and moving images all on the same medium. Examples are television, videotapes and videodiscs—but these are often some‐what inflexible because the viewer/user cannot interact and actively participate in any real sense with the material being viewed because the user, despite seemingly being in control (e.g. with a videodisc), has to go where the program goes.

The planning and production phases of the project Interactive Video on Microcomputers in Libraries were funded jointly by the British Library Research & Development Department, Brighton Polytechnic Department of Librarianship, and the Polytechnic of Central London Library Services. The duration of this phase of the project was 1 September 1985 to 31 August 1986. The research, analysis and planning stages were completed between September and December 1985. During the eight months from January to August 1986 production was completed and limited evaluation attempted.

If you've been following this series over the last five months, you've read about the concept of interactive video and its use in training, about production standards and compatibility, about instructional design and authoring systems, about what people in the industry here and in America are thinking and doing. I hope that by now you're also thinking about doing a programme yourself, so I'd like to devote the last article of the series to some notes on making video interactive.

The Internet environment, with its packet‐switched network and lack of resource reservation mechanisms, has made the delivery of low bit‐rate real‐time communication services particularly difficult and challenging. The high potential transmission delay and data packet loss under varying network conditions will lead to unpleasant and unintelligible audio and jerky video play‐out. The Internet TCP/IP protocol suite can be extended with new mechanisms in an attempt to tackle such problems. In this research, an integrated transmission mechanism that incorporates a number of existing techniques to enhance the quality and deliver “acceptable” real‐time services is proposed. These techniques include the use of data compression, data buffering, dynamic rate control, packet lost replacement, silence deletion and virtual video play‐out mechanism. The proposed transmission mechanism is designed as a generic communication system so that it can be used in different systems and conditions. This approach has been successfully implemented and demonstrated using three separate systems that include the Internet Phone, WebVideo and video‐conferencing tool.

Since their inception in the early 1980s electronic books have grown substantially in popularity, mainly due to their usefulness in distributing large volumes of interactive multimedia information in the form of text, pictures and sound. This paper describes the basic nature of electronic books and the philosophy underlying their use. A basic taxonomy of electronic books is then presented and a description is given of the various techniques involved in their design and fabrication. The paper concludes with a description of some application case studies and an outline of some possible future directions of development.

To highlight India's efforts in raising literacy levels through distance education (DE) by utilizing various technological choices, including information technology (IT), available in the country.

This article discusses the education scenario, emergence of correspondence courses/open universities, government initiatives for IT enablement of education and DE, participating institutions and technology choices available in India. It examines the preparedness of participating institutions, status of networks facilitating virtual classrooms, technological solutions, educational channels, etc., for the spreading of DE in India.

The paper strongly suggests the need for digital libraries (DLs) and their integration, and the initiation of INTEND‐OPENET as an exclusive network for DE.

The needed policy guidelines to use IT for education are now in place in India. The backbone for developing DLs already exists. Declining prices of PCs and networking devices makes it economically feasible to use IT to deliver quality education to previously unreachable populations and to enhance the quality of education.

This paper offers practical solutions for the spread of DE for policy makers and implementers, participating institutions and distance learners.

Previous research has revealed that sales trainers have been reluctant to incorporate distance education training methods into their programs. This study investigated the effectiveness of six different teaching methods in delivering one sales training course to a national salesforce from one organization. Training methods ranged from no‐tech to high‐tec and included: an on‐site instructor, a written manual, a manual plus videotape, video‐conferencing, audio‐graphics and an interactive multi‐media computer‐based training program. Pre‐ and post‐training evaluations of course content indicated significant improvements. Media were evaluated in terms of training required, number of participants to be trained and other technical considerations. Measures of course content revealed no significant differences in terms of delivery methods. Strengths, weaknesses and situations for optimal utilization of media and delivery method were identified. Findings should assist sales training managers in making more informed choices among distance education delivery options.

Suggests that the development of new interactive service is stimulating the global convergence of the telecommunications, computer and media markets, creating an integrated industry, but there is some doubt about customer demand and how to approach it. Presents a study which contributes to the discourse on segmentation with a view to targeting. Tests the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the early adoption of previous technological innovations introduced over the past 15‐20 years and the predisposition to use new interactive services. The results of a small scale survey did not lend full support to this hypothesis; associations were established only in a small number of pairs of innovations. There were, however, significant subsegments within the sample which were positively predisposed to using education services, travel, news/information and video‐on‐demand through the new interactive technologies. Within the evidence examined, it could not be established that early adopters of communications and computer products are necessarily a starting target market for emerging technologies. Concludes that exploitation of interactive services requires recognition of the likely existence of differentiated market segments and thus the crafting of focused marketing strategies for different service packages.

Changing ecosystems with digitalisation, the value of information affects all sub-ecosystems, and due to societal changes, management approaches have started to be implemented. This new administration digitalisation, which is the basis of their strategy, made it mandatory for them to adapt to technology. This article details the theoretical basis of the business ecosystem to investigate the integration of human-computer interaction (HCI) technology and platform business ecosystem into the artificial intelligence (AI) environment and to create practicality for the intellectual development of platform business strategy ecosystem management. Then, in the context of textile e-commerce, the intelligent clothing ecosystem is recommended, and the structure of the smart clothing ecosystem is created. A flexible production planning model with multiple constraints and maximum cost savings has been developed within system constraints and objective function scope. The standard genetic algorithm after optimisation was used to solve the aim of model function (based on double-layer integer coding). In the context of the parameters of the algorithm and textile layout, the algorithm was calculated with the MATLAB simulation tool, and then a textile experiment was carried out to solve the problem of system management. Finally, the audio, interactive customer survey results were analysed with structural equation modelling, and a human-computer interactive customer trust model was proposed. The results indicate that the calculation results of the objective function with 6 order sizes and 40 order sizes tend to be good and that the 6th order, respectively, tends to be good. The Gantt chart, calculated by the optimisation algorithm, can show the equipment selection strategy, start time and end time of each order in different workshops. The combination of each operation planning strategy is the production planning chart that corresponds to the order. It is thought that this study, AI-oriented HCI technology for future studies, can solve the strategic management problem of the platform business ecosystem, realise the efficient ecological functioning of the system and benefit businesses in this context.