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This chapter, drawing on an anthropological perspective, explicates the process of tourism development and its implications for Ilha Grande in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The concept of tourismization, influenced by Norbert Elias’s sociological perspective on the “civilizing process,” is introduced to illustrate how social changes and society-individual relationships within this community can be perceived as a set of configurations and articulations, which are mediated by tourism. It is suggested that tourisimization can be perceived as a process which dictates the rules and new customs to be followed by people influenced by new local configurations mediated by tourism.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a case study of niche governance to analyze the governance of rainwater systems in the Amazon.

A visualization of the interactions of stakeholders was made with the use of social network analysis, where data were collected through interviews to experts from the region. A framework based on niche management and the safe, resilient and sustainable (Safe and SuRe) principles were used to interpret the results.

The work identifies key players and issues influencing governance for the implementation of rainwater systems; and capture of decision-making powers by agents making evident redundancies in the management of rainwater in the region; highlighting issues of lack of inclusion in the decision-making process, planning and implementation; threatening the sustainability, resilience and governance of rainwater systems in Belem.

Methodologically, this work is the first of its kind for the amazon and contributes to the exploration of tools and frameworks to assess governance in the implementation of rainwater systems.

The purpose of this paper is to perform a comparative analysis between Aveiro's Lagoon (Portugal) and Sepetiba Bay (Brazil), in order to understand the similarities and differences between these two coastal zones, in terms of human occupation.

This paper is supported by works (papers and scientific projects being developed) produced in Portugal and Brazil, by researchers from different areas of expertise.

These two coastal zones have a similar geomorphologic evolution, due to the fact that both appeared because of a sandy spit, which started to grow and separated these areas from the sea, converting them into sheltered coasts. It was because they are protected that these two study cases early became targets for human occupation. The anthropic impacts in the systems were sustainable until the middle of the twentieth century. Since then, however, the economic development options, based first in industry and second in tourism exploration, have compromised the natural healthy balance.

This paper could be a contribution to a scientific support for political decisions on the coastal zone management (namely in these studied areas).

The paper provides and increases the knowledge of the coastal zones’ evolution and occupation – from a multidisciplinary perspective – produced and made available to scientists, local politicians, students and local populations.

The paper provides a truly interdisciplinary approach, which allows a better understanding of the evolution of these two systems, discussing the causes and consequences of human activities in both coastal areas.

This paper investigates tourism distribution channels in a small island destination with capacity constraints and contributes to understanding distribution in an emerging economy. Using the case of Fernando de Noronha in Brazil, the structures and factors underlying channel choice behaviour of tourism suppliers and intermediaries were investigated.

41 in-depth interviews were conducted with the private sector (tourism suppliers based on Fernando de Noronha and intermediaries, based on the island as well as mainland Brazil) as well as governmental organisations. A stratified purposeful sample was taken to select suppliers and data were examined based on thematic analysis.

Both direct and indirect distribution channels are used, with limited airline tickets influencing the suppliers' choice of channels in this small island and capacity-constrained destination. Many suppliers focused on relationships with destination-based ground operators. These local intermediaries are important and extremely relevant to small island destinations building an effective business network to connect the destination to geographically distant markets and intermediaries.

Limitations include the absence of air and cruise operators as interviewees.

The paper provides a comprehensive representation of the structures and analysis of tourism distribution channels in fragile small island destinations, specifically, in an emerging country context. This includes emphasising previously unexplored indirect channels of cruise ship operators and supplier's associations.

Objectives: To analyze the tourism policies introduced in response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism at the national, state and local levels, considering governmental functions and intergovernmental coordination.

Methodology: The methodology consisted of a review of the scientific literature on public policies, intergovernmental coordination and government functions, in addition to an empirical observation and analysis of norms and legal acts related to the combat against COVID-19 pandemic in four municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The municipalities of Armação dos Búzios, Paraty, Petrópolis and Rio de Janeiro were selected because of their economic dependence on tourism.

Main Results and Contributions: The most important contributions were the theoretical and methodological model of the analysis of government functions combined with the review of intergovernmental coordination.

Originality/Value: To study tourism policies in a time of pandemic, since government functions, when analyzed in a tourism-related context, were conducted in non-pandemic contexts.

Conclusions: Municipal horizontal coordination is highlighted since it has positively impacted the actions of control and flexibility of pandemic measures. It was further noted that the role of the guarantor government was different throughout the whole process.

Limitations: As the study is ongoing and is part of an international project on tourism and pandemic, other data collection techniques will be included.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new multi‐sensor robotic system designed for riser, mooring lines and umbilical cables in situ underwater inspection. Due to the aggressive operation environment, such structures are susceptible to a broad spectrum of failure causes, such as aging, mechanical, chemical and thermal loads, hydrodynamic stresses, vortex‐induced vibrations and installation or fabrication non‐conformities. Current inspection methods present major risks and inefficiencies, especially as deeper fields are being reached for exploitation.

The SIRIS (In Situ Riser Inspection Robotic System) is designed to reconstruct the actual riser profile and perform non‐destructive tests. The robot is propelled by thrusters to scroll by the outside of the catenary riser. Mechanical, electronic hardware, image acquisition and software/firmware design are described here.

Simulated data from an inertial measurement unit is fused with depth sensor measurements, using a Kalman filter to reconstruct the riser profile, with small localization errors. Laboratory and sheltered waters tests were successfully executed to assess robot subsystems' performance: imaging, leakage, displacement and easiness of operation.

The robot prototype is designed to operate down to 250 m deep, although the final goal is reaching 3,000 m. Tests offshore, in a real oil production platform, have not been performed up to this moment. In the present version, the robot must be coupled to the riser with the aid of a scuba diver.

The robot is expected to allow non‐destructive testing in risers that cannot be performed nowadays with the existing tools. The inspecting procedure is easy to operate and does imply any kind of production stopping. More accurate assessment of the riser structural condition can allow extending its life span, thus avoiding early decommissioning.

Better assessment of actual riser facilities status will have great impact on reducing the chance of oil spill episodes and serious environment damage.

The design, construction and evaluation of a robotic tool for non‐destructive riser inspection has been described. A few similar robots exist in literature but none of them is able to reconstruct the actual riser profile.

The purpose of this paper is to look at the origins and development of organized crime in Brazil.

The authors draw on their experience working in law enforcement for many years in Brazil.

The paper outlines the major crimes committed by organized crime in Brazil and the structure of the main organization carrying them out.

The research concentrates on São Paolo and further research needs to be done.

This is the first attempt to put the development of organized crime in Brazil into a historical and developmental context.