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This study proposes targeted modernization of the Department of Defense (DoD's) Joint Forces Ammunition Logistics information system by implementing the optimized innovative information technology open architecture design and integrating Radio Frequency Identification Device data technologies and real-time optimization and control mechanisms as the critical technology components of the solution. The innovative information technology, which pursues the focused logistics, will be deployed in 36 months at the estimated cost of $568 million in constant dollars. We estimate that the Systems, Applications, Products (SAP)-based enterprise integration solution that the Army currently pursues will cost another $1.5 billion through the year 2014; however, it is unlikely to deliver the intended technical capabilities.

I argue that the official story about the collapses of the Twin Towers and building 7 of the World Trade Center, according to which the collapses were caused by fire – combined, in the case of the Twin Towers, with the effects of the airplane impacts – cannot be true, for two major reasons. One reason is that fire has never, except allegedly three times on 9/11, caused the total collapse of steel-frame high-rise buildings. All (other) such collapses have been produced by the use of explosives in the procedure known as “controlled demolition.” The other major problem is that the collapses of all three buildings had at least 11 features that would be expected if, and only if, explosives had been used.

I also show the importance of the recently released of 9/11 Oral Histories recorded by the New York Fire Department. With regard to the Twin Towers, many of the firefighters and medical workers said they observed multiple explosions and other phenomena indicative of controlled demolition. With regard to building 7, many testimonies point to widespread foreknowledge that the building was going to collapse, and some of the testimonies contradict the official story that this anticipation of the building's collapse was based on objective indications. These testimonies further strengthen the already virtually conclusive case that all three buildings were brought down by explosives.

I conclude by calling on the New York Times, which got the 9/11 Oral Histories released, now to complete the task of revealing the truth about 9/11.

A nonlinear‐dynamics transient computational analysis of the explosion phenomena associated with detonation of 100g of C4 high‐energy explosive buried at different depths in sand is carried out using the AUTODYN computer program. The results obtained are compared with the corresponding experimental results obtained in Ref. [1]. To validate the computational procedure and the materials constitutive models used in the present work, a number of detonation‐related phenomena such as the temporal evolutions of the shape and size of the over‐burden sand bubbles and of the detonation‐products gas clouds, the temporal evolutions of the side‐on pressures in the sand and in air, etc. are determined and compared with their experimental counterparts. The results obtained suggest that the agreement between the computational and the experimental results is reasonable at short postdetonation times. At longer post‐detonation times, on the other hand, the agreement is less satisfactory primarily with respect to the size and shape of the sand crater, i.e. with respect to the volume of the sand ejected during explosion. It is argued that the observed discrepancy is, at least partly, the result of an inadequacy of the generic materials constitutive model for the sand which does not explicitly include the important effects of the sand particle size and the particle size distribution, as well as the effects of moisture‐level controlled inter‐particle friction and cohesion. It is further shown that by a relatively small adjustment of the present materials model for sand to include the potential effect of moisture on inter‐particle friction can yield a significantly improved agreement between the computed and the experimentally determined sand crater shapes and sizes.

This paper introduces a reference model for the life cycle of a logical business unit (LBU). It goes on to explain how the model was deduced from empirical data generated during participation by the authors in a series of change management interventions in various organisations situated in the West of Scotland. Case studies are used from these interventions to illustrate how the application of reliability‐engineering concepts was used to explore the performance of business processes in delivering stakeholder value. It is recommended that “generate” “decommission” and “remedial” business processes are added to a widely used business process framework. This new framework when used for lifecycle planning of LBUs in conjunction with the LBU life cycle model can assist businesses in reliable delivery of stakeholder value.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the applicability of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in the jet formation process of a cylindrical-shaped charge (CSC). Different SPH formulations, suggested in other works, to other applications, are brought together in order to build a model that represents the phenomenon of detonation of a CSC in a more realistic way.

A two-dimensional (2D) SPH formulation using cylindrical coordinates is adopted to simulate CSCs. The problem of fluid-solid interaction between the detonation wave of the explosive and the metal liner, numerically unstable due to the great difference in density between the phases, is resolved adopting the multi-phase strategy. A new proposition of artificial viscosity is incorporated in order to account the convergence effect of the liner particles toward the axis of symmetry of the charge. Two numerical examples are used to validate the formulation. In the first, the velocity and length differences between the jets formed from a CSC and a linear-shaped charge (LSC) using planar detonation on both are compared. In the second example, the effect of the conical cavity angle in the maximum jet velocity is evaluated, comparing the simulated results of CSC with four different cavity angles, with the experimental results.

The results show that the 2D SPH method in cylindrical coordinates is able to simulate the detonation process of a CSC. Accordingly with the formulations used, the following conclusions can be made: the multi-phase strategy is able to capture the multi-material interface of the fluid-solid interaction between the detonation wave and the metal liner; and in the cylindrical geometry, a second artificial viscosity is necessary in order to include the convergence effect of the particles toward the axis of symmetry and obtaining more realistic results for the jet velocity.

The applicability of the SPH method to simulate LSCs has been tested and verified in other works, but there are not references that address the application of the SPH method to simulate CSCs. CSCs are widely used in the defense industry and in the oil industries. In the oil industry, the perforating process may currently be the most common use of such a device. For this reason, it is believed that the proposed formulation in this paper is a good alternative to these specific applications.

November 21, 1973 Negligence — Master and servant — Explosive substance — Scrap metal factory — Old safe purchased for scrap — Opened with oxy‐acetylene burner — High explosive in it ignited — “Plant, tank or vessel” — Statutory duty — Factories Act, 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz. II, c.34) s.31 (4).

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the explosive performance and explosion damage mechanism of T-beam bridge structure.

On the basis of the existing specification, two T-beam bridge models were designed and fabricated. Test specimens of different explosive dosage and different blast height were carried out. The mechanical process, failure mode, blast damage model, damage identification mechanism and blast evolution law and quantitative evaluation were taken into account.

The results revealed that the web plate fracture failure is the key to the unstable failure of the whole T-beam bridge. The explosion failure phenomenon and blast damage evaluation criterion of RC T-beam bridge was divided into five stages: the original cracks stage of concrete material (D = 0 ∼ 0.1), the fractures initiation stage of concrete material (D = 0.1 ∼ 0.3), the stable expansion stage of cracks in concrete material (D = 0.3 ∼ 0.55), the unstable expansion stage of cracks in concrete material (D = 0.55 ∼ 0.8), the explosion fracture of steel bars and the overall instability and damage of the bridge (D = 0.8 ∼ 1.0), which can also be described as basically intact, slight damage, moderate damage, severe damage and collapsed.

The research result will provide basis for the antiknock evaluation and damage repair technical specifications of the RC T-beam bridge.

The research results of damage evaluation serve as a basis for damage repair and reinforcement of bridge structures after explosion.

Smart biosensors that can perform sensitive and selective monitoring of target analytes are tremendously valuable for trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive detection. In this research, the pre-developed sensor was integrated with biological receptors in which they enhanced the sensitivity of the sensor. This is due to conjugated polydiacetylene onto a peptide-based molecular recognition element (Trp-His-Trp) for TNT molecules in graphene field-effect transistors (GR-FETs) as biosensor that is capable of responding to the presence of a TNT target with a colorimetric response. The authors confirmed the efficacy of the receptor while being attached to polydiacetylene (PDA) by observing the binding ability between the Trp-His-Trp and TNT to alter the electronic band structure of the PDA conjugated backbones. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a modular system capable of transducing small-molecule TNT binding into a detectable signal. The details of the real-time and selective TNT biosensor have been reported.

Following an introduction, this paper describes the way of fabrication GR-FETs with conventional photolithography techniques and the other processes, which is functionalized by the TNT peptide receptors. The authors first determined the essential TNT recognition elements from UV-visible spectrophotometry spectroscopy for PDA sensor unit fabrication. In particular, the blue percentage and the chromic response were used to characterize the polymerization parameter of the conjugated p backbone. A continuous-flow trace vapor source of nitroaromatics (two, four, six-TNT) was designed and evaluated in terms of temperature dependence. The TNT concentration was measured by liquid/gas extraction in acetonitrile using bubbling sequence. The sensor test is performed using a four-point probe and semiconductor analyzer. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn.

Because of their unique optical and stimuli-response properties, the polydiacetylene and peptide-based platforms have been explored as an alternative to complex mechanical and electrical sensing systems. Therefore, the authors have used GR-FETs with biological receptor-PDAs as a biosensor for achieving high sensitivity and selectivity that can detect explosive substances such as TNT. The transport property changed compared to that of the field-effect transistors made by intrinsic graphene, that is, the Dirac point position moved from positive Vg to negative Vg, indicating the transition of graphene from p-type to n-type after annealing in TNT, and when the device was tested from RT, the response of the device was found to increase linearly with increasing concentrations. Average shifting rate of the Dirac peak was obtained as 0.1-0.3 V/ppm. The resulting sensors exhibited at the limit ppm sensitivity toward TNT in real-time, with excellent selectivity over various similar aromatic compounds. The biological receptor coating may be useful for the development of sensitive and selective micro and nanoelectronic sensor devices for various other target analytes.

The detection of illegally transported explosives has become important as the global rise in terrorism subsequent to the events of September 11, 2001, and is at the forefront of current analytical problems. It is essential that a detection method has the selectivity to distinguish among compounds in a mixture of explosives. So, the authors are reporting a potential solution with the designing and manufacturing of electrochemical biosensor using polydiacetylene conjugated with peptide receptors coated on GR-FETs with the colorimetric response for real-time detection of TNT explosives specifically.