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Due to high demand for international talents and skilful workforces, many countries around the world, especially the ageing populations are now looking for new ways and strategies to attract more international talent. Drawing on push-pull factor theory, integrated with theory of reasoned action (TRA), this research examines international students' intention to stay or to leave the host country after completion of the students' studies.

A conceptual model has been proposed and evaluated aimed at understanding the factors that influence the decision-making of international students studying in Finland. Data were collected from a sample of 292 international students in Finland and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data and examine the relationships between various constructs in the model.

The SEM results show that several factors influence students' decision to stay or leave the host country after graduation. Aspects related to host country, institutional and economic factors and social influence (norms) directly impact students' attitude towards staying. In addition, attitude towards staying not only has a direct impact on the intention to stay, but also mediates the relationship between different pulling factors and students' intention to stay in the host country. Moreover, challenges and barriers (such as local language, challenge of finding employment and challenge of assimilating into the community or making friends) have a negative impact on the decision to stay in the host country.

This study uses push-pull theory in the Finnish context, contributing to the growing body of literature on international education policies and practices. The findings highlight the need for a more holistic approach to supporting international students, one that considers the students' unique needs and experiences in the host country and provides the students with the necessary resources and support to succeed.

Companies target globally mobile workers and face the war for talent, while individuals are more reluctant to engage in global mobility. This scenario led us to propose a model to understand the individuals' decision process to engage in global mobility.

Building on the self-determination theory, the theory of planned behavior and the literature on decisions for global mobility, the authors propose mechanisms through which psychological variables and assignments' factual and perceived contextual aspects (directly or indirectly) explain the decision to engage or not in global mobility.

This study offers a conceptual model with the authors' novel propositions to explain individuals' decision to engage in global mobility.

The model provides a more comprehensive explanation of the individuals' decision-making process to engage in global mobility than previous models and potentially yields more effective organizational practices to attract both well-established and emerging phenomena of globally mobile workers.

The aim of this study is to develop a better understanding of how the transferability and recognition of host country professional experience and educational credentials impact the repatriation intentions of long-term self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). To that end, the study interviews a sample of American-educated French long-term SIEs in the United States (US) to assess how both their higher education and professional experience influence their social identity in their home country, France and their perceived repatriation opportunities.

This study applies social identity theory to the examination of the combined impact of higher education and work experience abroad on the repatriation expectations of long-term SIEs. The author interviewed twenty-one French SIEs who attended universities in the US and remained there afterward to begin their careers.

The findings of this study confirm that the repatriation intentions of long-term SIEs are strongly influenced by concerns about the ability to maintain their host country standard of living in their home country. It also finds that foreign educational credentials and professional experience can constrain the ability of long-term SIEs to repatriate easily and gain acceptance. To overcome this, long-term SIEs often feel that they must embrace alternative repatriation strategies to maintain the lifestyle that they enjoyed while abroad when returning back home.

This study examines a sample of long-term SIEs from one home country, France, who left to attend university in the same host country, the US. It assesses how the experiences of those who remained in the US afterward to start their careers impacted their repatriation intentions. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the context of self-initiated expatriation by examining the influence of host-country educational credentials and work experience on the repatriation intentions of long-term SIEs.

Numerous studies have shown that minority workers are disadvantaged in the labour market due to stereotypes and discrimination. However, published research on résumé screening has overlooked the effects of multiple social categorisations pertaining to candidates' gender, education and origin. This study addresses this gap and examines whether the gender, the level of education and the national origin cues mentioned in the résumé affect the perceived employability of candidates.

This study employs an experimental between-subjects factorial design in that 12 résumés varying in gender, education and national origin were rated by 373 Portuguese working adults.

The results documented a gender premium as women were favoured in interpersonal and job skills but not in job suitability, and an education premium, since higher educated candidates were preferred despite their gender and origin. No meaningful interactions for gender × education × national origin were observed, which suggests that ingroup favouritism and outgroup discrimination in résumé screening can be averted.

The findings endorse a multidimensional view of perceived employability by investigating candidates' skills and job suitability from the viewpoint of the decision-makers, which extends our understanding of résumé-screening discrimination. This is critical to prevent hiring discrimination at an earlier career stage, which can increase youth employment and enhance the integration in the labour market of local minorities such as women, inexperienced workers and second-generation immigrants.

This study aims to examine the effect of job insecurity and perceived work-social support on career optimism, organizational commitment and turnover intention in the hospitality industry in the post-COVID era.

Data collection was via an online survey of 428 hotel staff. Structural equation modeling techniques support the research model and hypothesis testing.

This study reveals that the perception of job insecurity has a strong effect on turnover intention but no significant influence on career optimism and organizational commitment. Perceived work social support plays a vital role in employees’ coping strategies in difficult work circumstances. It has positive effects on career optimism and organizational commitment.

The study is considered timely in verifying how the perception of job insecurity and work social support influence hospitality employees’ career optimism, organizational commitment and turnover intention as we transition to the post-pandemic era. The findings enrich the literature on job insecurity and career management through a crisis.

本研究旨在研究后COVID-19时期工作不稳定（JI）和工作支持（PS）的认识对酒店业职业乐观OP）、组织承诺（OC）与离职意向（TI）的影响。

数据是通过对428名酒店员工进行在线调查收集的。结构方程模型分析技术用于检验模型及研究假设。

本研究表明JI的认识对TI的影响具有统计意义, 但对OP和OC并没有显著影响。PS的认识对员工在困难工作环境中的应付策略起着重要作用。PS对员工的OP及OC有着积极的影响。

该研究可以说是非常及时地阐明了JI和PS的认识对后疫情时期的酒店业员工的OP、OC与TI的影响。研究结果有助于丰富人们对危机中的JI以及职业管理的知识。

Este estudio examina el efecto de la inseguridad laboral y el apoyo social percibido en el trabajo sobre el optimismo profesional, compromiso organizativo y la intención de rotación en la industria hotelera en la era post-COVID.

La recogida de datos se realizó mediante una encuesta en línea a 428 empleados de hostelería. El modelo de investigación y la comprobación de hipótesis se ha realizado mediante la modelización de ecuaciones estructurales.

Este estudio revela que la percepción de inseguridad laboral tiene un fuerte efecto en la intención de rotación, pero no influye significativamente en el optimismo profesional y el compromiso organizativo. El apoyo social percibido en el trabajo desempeña un papel vital en las estrategias de afrontamiento de los empleados en circunstancias laborales difíciles. Tiene efectos positivos sobre el optimismo profesional y el compromiso organizativo.

El estudio se considera oportuno para verificar cómo la percepción de la inseguridad laboral y el apoyo social en el trabajo influyen en el optimismo profesional, el compromiso organizativo y la intención de cambio de los empleados de hostelería en la transición a la era pospandémica. Los resultados enriquecen la literatura sobre la inseguridad laboral y la gestión de la carrera profesional en situaciones de crisis.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have experienced career shocks, especially employees in the hotel industry. To address how to retain talent in the industry, this study aims to examine the joint impacts of employee resilience, work social support and proactive personality on hotel employees’ career change intentions.

A survey questionnaire was developed to test the proposed framework. Data from 339 current hotel employees in the USA was analyzed using the PROCESS model.

Results show a significant three-way interaction, indicating that for less proactive employees, resilience is negatively associated with career change intentions. However, for highly proactive employees, an additional situation cue in the form of strong work social support is required to activate the expression of resilience. Highly proactive and resilient employees who receive strong supervisor or coworker support during the pandemic have lower career change intentions. However, highly proactive employees who receive weak supervisor or coworker support exhibit similar levels of career change intentions, regardless of resilience level.

Hotel managers should consider helping employees enhance their resilience and overcome career shocks by providing training and resources and establishing a learning culture. More importantly, it is essential to offer strong supervisor and coworker support to promote resilience among proactive employees. Hotel managers should actively promote strong work social support, and offer training and counseling opportunities to promote employee retention during the pandemic.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine employee resilience in the hospitality field. This study contributes to the employee resilience literature as well as trait activation theory by examining situational cues that can activate employee resilience and by providing empirical evidence to reveal the boundary conditions of how employee resilience impacts career change intentions.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the reason of attraction for the young professionals (who left their paid employment) to pursue social entrepreneurship (SE) education, to understand role played by SE education program on developing entrepreneurship knowledge and skills to create social impact and to explore the influence of SE education on their career choices and job-preferences.

This exploratory study uses qualitative methodology to collect data from 16 alumni of Master of Arts in Social Entrepreneurship (MASE) Program, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.

The findings indicate that the knowledge and skills learned through the MASE program played a significant role to create an entrepreneurial mindset and put such skills into action to create impact (as job creator/entrepreneur or job seeker/intrapreneur) as well any change in their career choice, job-preference and job-mobility. The findings force us to re-define “success of SE education”, as in both the cases, they are creating social impact using their entrepreneurship knowledge and skills. Career advancement and personal growth opportunities, and their willingness to create impact as decision makers act as strongest motivators to choose the program. Furthermore, the study also highlights the additional factors, which influence their decision of choosing/not choosing SE as career option.

The findings cannot be generalized. The qualitative data is analyzed inductively to arrive at the findings.

The findings are relevant for SE educators and also the policy makers. Promotion of SE education will not only create employment for others, but will also address several other social problems, and contribute to inclusive development of the country.

The uniqueness lies in understanding the motivations behind the decision of pursuing MASE program then followed by exploring the influence of SE education on their career choices and job-preferences.

This paper employs human resources (HR) analytics to investigate the pathways through which high-potential managers ascend to C-suite positions, and how different developmental paths influence turnover among executives.

By combining job analysis and competency assessment with sequence analysis, the authors utilize HR analytics to analyze the work experiences of 53 general managers spanning 57 years (n = 2,742), encompassing various roles, job requirements, and 20 executive competencies attached to over 1,000 positions.

This study's findings reveal three distinct developmental paths that lead to the C-suite, characterized by differences in the content, context, timing, and complexity of work experience. Furthermore, the authors identify that a more complex developmental path tends to reinforce executives' competency in self-awareness while inhibiting their development of technical competency, ultimately resulting in reduced executive turnover.

By employing HR analytics to analyze empirical data embedded in job and organizational contexts, this study sheds light on the critical role of timing and complexity of work experiences in executive development. It also offers practical implications for firms seeking to optimize their leadership pipeline and reduce executive turnover by leveraging HR analytics effectively.

In this chapter, the authors examined expatriates that self-initiate their international work for personal reasons and the factors that affect their departure from an organization. The authors conducted a systematic review of self-initiated expatriation (SIE) and its definitions in order to propose an integrated definition of SIE and model its nomological network. In addition, the authors construct a roadmap for future research directions in the SIE domain. Finally, using a qualitative research design, the authors studied the organizational practices designed to reduce SIE turnover in an exemplary multinational organization. Overall, our contributions are enhanced clarity of the SIE construct and the theorized practice of SIE retention.