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Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 May 2022

Berlin believes China has played an enabling role in Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, while the war has exposed the risks of European economic dependency on authoritarian countries…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 May 2024

Russia maintains a delicate balance in the Middle East, preserving a close relationship with Shia-majority Iran and a security presence in neighbouring Syria while seeking…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 January 2017

Outlook for US sanctions on Russia.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 February 2024

However, although output has grown, a tight labour market and persistent inflation have created new problems. The reorientation of trade away from Europe has resulted in a…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 17 May 2021

Poland and the Baltic states have strongly condemned the repression of protests following the 2020 elections in Belarus, supporting the opposition and engaging the international…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 8 November 2018

The threat of the sanctions had already caused a decline in oil exports, damaging the economy, although the announcement of waivers may prevent a further decline in the near term.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 9 March 2022

Georgia's evolving position on the conflict has been confused: a refusal to support sanctions followed by a sudden application for EU membership. Armenia's moral qualms are…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 13 May 2024

Relations with Moscow have become even more strained since the September 2023 fall of Nagorno-Karabakh, compounding the shock caused by Russia failing to protect Armenia from…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 April 2018

Belarus's leadership is navigating carefully between Russia and the EU, avoiding alignment with Moscow against the West and exploring ways of engaging Europe on trade. Cautious…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 4 May 2021

The military continues to crack down heavily on anti-coup protesters. Its leaders have long regarded civil society as a threat to Myanmar’s unity and security.

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