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Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 16 February 2024

The region’s Armenian majority population has fled; displaced Azerbaijanis have returned to Karabakh and formerly occupied surrounding districts. Russia refused to support its…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 January 2017

The Russia-Azerbaijan-Iran railway.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 June 2023

Tbilisi has authorised flights by two smaller Russian airlines, exacerbating fears of the potential for sanctions evasion. That follows the easing of Russia’s visa regime for…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 14 April 2023

A series of Black Sea connectivity projects is a promising development for both the South Caucasus and the EU. Georgian electricity exports could play a part in reducing European…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 11 May 2022

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Europe urgently needs new supplies. Turkey has been proposed as a transit route for gas from Middle Eastern and Caspian sources, but…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 February 2024

This follows years of the region being regarded as of peripheral interest to Brussels. Nonetheless, relations have not always been smooth.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 November 2020

The Russian, Azerbaijani and Armenian presidents late on November 9 agreed an immediate truce for Nagorno-Karabakh that effectively hands Baku victory. Azerbaijan gains control of…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 January 2023

Lavrov's positive comments highlight the Georgian Dream party's equivocal stance on the Ukraine war. The party has emerged relatively unscathed from a year of domestic and…

Executive summary
Publication date: 4 January 2023

BULGARIA/TURKEY: Gas deal will aid diversification

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