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1 – 10 of 42During his meeting with his Kazakh counterpart Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in Astana, Putin called the two countries “not just allies, but very close allies”. A month earlier, Putin had…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB283709
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Global order and institutions have been undermined by the hostile assertiveness of the United States, China, Russia and Turkey; COVID-19 has strengthened the trend. This leaves…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB257392
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286445
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The Turkish leadership believes that a new US administration may stand back from its predecessor's criticisms of Turkey and be better placed to strike a deal with Russia and…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB214853
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB279596
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The agreement covers the period to 2026, in which Washington will support Kurdish peshmerga forces with equipment and vehicles for Operation Inherent Resolve against the Islamic…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB273261
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russian foreign policy in 2016.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB210312
ISSN: 2633-304X
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This follows President Donald Trump's surprise decision to withdraw troops from Syria, where Washington has been supporting the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB240804
ISSN: 2633-304X
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This is mainly because of Erdogan's politicisation of the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) after the July 2016 failed coup. His fear of the generals, a power struggle within the TSK…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB253484
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Sudan's foreign relations.