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This paper aims to address the question of who gained and who lost in the financial crisis of 2008.

Gains and losses were identified by groups ranging from bankers to homeowners to taxpayers.

Gains and losses are not neatly split by a main street/Wall street dichotomy. Major financial institutions and their chief executive officers made huge gains followed by bigger losses, a substantial portion of which were shared by taxpayers. Homeowners and taxpayers consistently lost. Workers and real estate developers experienced a mixture of gains and losses.

Financial legislation is affected by questions of who won and who lost. The complex mixture of gains and losses must be fully grasped if winners and losers are an important consideration in the design of legislation.

The detailed analysis and model of winners and losers provide important lessons for legislators and regulators in all countries.

The aim of this paper is to identify the different values that were communicated through the visuals of the Egyptian revolution of January 25th, 2011 with reflections on those that were communicated historically in Germany to highlight how these visuals can act as tools of informal education and social marketing campaigns to citizens of a country.

The current research paper takes a qualitative exploratory approach. The method that was utilized is content analysis, with the sub‐method used to analyze the content of the street visuals being semiotic analysis.

The main social and religious values communicated between citizens in Egypt and Germany were about freedom, peace, unity, and victory. These street visuals help in communicating social and religious values to citizens of a country at the time of the revolution and recording them keeps their messages for future generations to come. Accordingly, these visuals help in informally educating citizens and act as social marketing campaigns from and to the people.

The results here should not be regarded as conclusive results as they are of a qualitative nature and should be followed and tested by future quantitative research.

The main contribution of this research paper is to fill the gap in literature by blending all the different research domains about informal education research, social marketing, graffiti and street art papers, and the historical revolution accounts. There was no prior research conducted with either a similar aim or under all these previous domains.

Between October and November 2001 the world witnessed the collapse of Enron, a major US publicly traded corporation with global operations. The Enron case highlights the impact corporate failure has on American society and capital markets and underscores the need for better enforcement of regulations and ethical business behavior. This paper discusses the role played by Enron’s senior management, its board of directors, Enron’s auditors, consultants, bankers, Wall Street and the government, in the spectacular rise and fall of this corporate giant. It also examines the impact of Enron’s failure on its employees, the employees of Andersen, and on thousands of ordinary Americans who invested in the stock via their pensions and mutual funds. This paper highlights the conflicts of interest that pervade the financial system and discusses the social and financial impact of a combined business and oversight failure. Students and teachers of finance, corporate governance, and business strategy may be interested in this paper as a pedagogical tool to teach undergraduate finance, business ethics, business strategy, and corporate governance.

The terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001 were a very traumatic event for the entire nation. This was especially true for law enforcement. Many law enforcement officers and other first responders lost their lives in the initial response to the attack while attempting to save the lives of the citizens they were sworn to protect. As a result of the 9/11 attacks, many changes have occurred in the missions, operations and tactics of local law enforcement agencies in the United States.

This chapter attempts to examine the changes that were forced upon law enforcement by the events of 9/11 and to look at what the future might hold for law enforcement in an enhanced homeland security environment.

Terrorism presents additional duties for law enforcement. Traditional police missions have not been lessened, but new threats to the public have arisen.

President Bill Clinton has had many opponents and enemies, most of whom come from the political right wing. Clinton supporters contend that these opponents, throughout the Clinton presidency, systematically have sought to undermine this president with the goal of bringing down his presidency and running him out of office; and that they have sought non‐electoral means to remove him from office, including Travelgate, the death of Deputy White House Counsel Vincent Foster, the Filegate controversy, and the Monica Lewinsky matter. This bibliography identifies these and other means by presenting citations about these individuals and organizations that have opposed Clinton. The bibliography is divided into five sections: General; “The conspiracy stream of conspiracy commerce”, a White House‐produced “report” presenting its view of a right‐wing conspiracy against the Clinton presidency; Funding; Conservative organizations; and Publishing/media. Many of the annotations note the links among these key players.

In the two years following the bursting of the high‐technology and telecommunications stock “bubble”, various legal proceedings and regulatory actions have brought Wall Street to the brink of creating a “independent” stock research arm that purportedly would create a separation between the research and investment banking functions of major Wall Street firms. This new research scenario is largely a result of the confluence of the legal and regulatory proceedings and a dramatic loss in confidence by public investors in the quality and objectivity in research provided by their brokerage firms. This article examines the legal, legislative, and regulatory proceedings that have led to this dramatic change in the way Wall Street will conduct stock research in the future.

Discusses the influence of technology on document supply. Traces the move from a paper‐biased to an electronic‐biased world using The Wall Street Journal to illustrate the variety of delivery options that technology has made possible. Examines two rapidly evolving document delivery phenomena – electronic bulletin boards and Internet. Presents a model of the information world in which the demise of some of the players is predicted and, as evidence concludes with a recent innovation, to archive and distribute physics papers, which transforms document supply.

Focuses on the infiltration of the US stock market by organised crime in the shape of La Cosa Nostra (LCN). Defines what organised crime is and goes on to the history of Cosa Nostra, its reasons for tackling Wall Street and how it does this, analysing two specific cases of infiltration: Mob Stocks and Operation Uptick. Describes the various sectors of the securities market involved: the over‐the‐counter market, penny stocks, and chop stocks. Shows how LCN has invaded securities schemes, including trading scams and brokerage scams; its techniques include protection rackets, hidden ownership, and “pump and dump” schemes, but violence remains as the last resort. Assesses the scope of the corruption and whether organised crime is really a threat to the stock market.

An article “from the future” illustrating the trend away from serious strategy and planning in American companies.

Making use of previous learning and work with numerous clients to illuminate certain aspects of the context within which business strategy is formulated.

Fewer and fewer corporations are engaging in serious long‐range planning efforts. Wall Street's short‐term focus and incursion upon CEO prerogatives may be one reason.

Expresses ideas in a way that the author hopes they have not been expressed before.