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The main goal of this research study is to look at the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion in the association between workplace incivility and job outcomes (job stress, job satisfaction and employee turnover intentions) in the higher education sector.

The authors gathered field data from individuals working in the Higher Education Sector of Jammu and Kashmir to test the proposed study paradigm. A total of 550 respondents reported their perceptions of workplace incivility, emotional exhaustion and job-related outcomes (job stress, job satisfaction and employee turnover intention) at Time 1 in the Kashmir division and Time 2 in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir via a two-wave data collection design.

The findings supported the hypothesized relationships, demonstrating that emotional exhaustion acts as a mediator between workplace incivility and employee job outcomes (job stress, employee job satisfaction and employee intention to leave).

The research was undertaken in Jammu and Kashmir's higher education sectors. As a result, the findings may not apply to other sectors because workplace incivility may be regarded differently in different sectors.

The findings of this research study will assist organizations and practitioners in comprehending the significance of workplace incivility and emotional exhaustion, as well as how they positively impact job-related outcomes (employee job stress, turnover intention) and negatively on job satisfaction.

This research study added to the existing Self-Determination Theory model developed by Deci and associates (2017) by incorporating Emotional Exhaustion, and workplace incivility as autonomous intrinsic and workplace context factors respectively into the SDT model to study work behaviors in terms of job outcomes. This study adds to existing knowledge on SDTs by suggesting and testing emotional exhaustion as a mechanism for determining the impact of workplace incivility on employee job outcomes.

The major goal of this research is to examine the work-life balance as a mediating factor in the association between psychological capital and employee attitudes including job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions.

The authors gathered data from prestigious healthcare institutes in North Indian states to test the suggested study model. Data were gathered from 613 personnel employed in public and private healthcare organizations via an online Google form. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied for analyzing the data.

The findings validated the expected relations, demonstrating that the association between psychological capital and employee job attitudes is completely mediated by work-life balance.

This research study used cross-sectional data, which fall short of meeting the requirement for proving causation.

The findings of this study will help organizations and practitioners, particularly healthcare administrators and policymakers, better recognize the value of psychological capital and work-life balance, and how they impact job attitudes.

This research study added to the existing self-determination theory (SDT) model developed by Deci et al. (2017) by incorporating psychological capital and work-life balance as autonomous intrinsic and workplace context factors, respectively, into the SDT model to study work behaviors in terms of job outcomes. In addition, the study added to the existing body of knowledge in organizational behavior literature about the role of mediating variables in understanding the indirect effect of personal resources on job attitudes.

The goal of this research is to investigate the association between transformational leadership style, psychological capital and job attitude (job satisfaction and organization commitment). Transformational leadership's effects on these job attitudes were also analysed in terms of the mediating effects of psychological capital.

The authors received 296 authentic questionnaires from the para-medical staff working in different public and private healthcare institutes in Jammu and Kashmir, India, and these were then analysed by using SEM with SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 19.

Results implied that transformational leadership increased the levels of employees' job attitudes. The results further displayed that transformational leadership and psychological capital in the workplace are positively associated. The results also showed that psychological capital was positively linked with job attitudes. Moreover, psychological capital serves as a mediating construct between transformational leadership and job attitudes.

The outcomes of this research will help in comprehending the significance of transformational leadership and psychological capital. Further, these research findings affirm the effectiveness of transformational leadership and psychological capital in forecasting positive job attitudes in the Indian work context. The administrators and policymakers in the healthcare sector can implement these concepts to reduce negative job outcomes.

This study expanded on Deci et al.’s (2017) existing self-determination theory model by incorporating leadership style and psychological capital as workplace context and autonomous intrinsic factors, respectively, into the self-determination theory model to study work behaviours of job satisfaction and commitment. This study contributes to existing self-determination theory knowledge by proposing and testing psychological capital as a mechanism for determining the effect of transformational leadership on job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment).

The main goal of this research study is to look at the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion in the association between workplace incivility and job outcomes (job stress, job satisfaction, and employee turnover intentions).

The authors gathered field data from individuals working in the higher education sector of Jammu and Kashmir to test the proposed study paradigm. A total of 550 respondents reported their perceptions of workplace incivility, emotional exhaustion, and job-related outcomes (job stress, job satisfaction, and employee turnover intention) at Time 1 in the Kashmir division and Time 2 in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir via a two-wave data collection design.

The findings supported the hypothesized relationships, demonstrating that emotional exhaustion acts as a mediator between workplace incivility and employee job outcomes (job stress, employee job satisfaction, and employee intention to leave).

The findings of this research study will assist organizations and practitioners in comprehending the implications of workplace incivility and emotional exhaustion, as well as how they positively impact job-related outcomes (employee job stress, turnover intention), and negatively on job satisfaction.

This study adds to existing knowledge on COR theory by suggesting workplace incivility as a stressor and also testing emotional exhaustion as a defense mechanism for determining the effect of workplace incivility on employee job outcomes.

Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 is a health and humanitarian disaster threatening the livelihood and nutritional security of the people globally. This study examined the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic-related non-pharmaceutical measures on households' livelihood and food security in Pakistan.

Data collected through an online survey from 712 households were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, and binary logit model.

More than 71% of the total households asserted that COVID-19 had affected their livelihoods negatively. Results revealed that food insecurity among households had increased more than two folds during one year of the COVID-19 compared to the pre-pandemic period. Moreover, the number of households in food insecure and severely food insecure groups had also increased significantly during the pandemic. Increasing monthly income was negatively associated with the COVID-19 induced food security and livelihood shocks implying that households with lower monthly income were likely to suffer more from the COVID-19. Households having agriculture as their main source of livelihood were 35 percentage points less likely to suffer the negative effects of the pandemic compared to wage earners. Wage-earners were 29 percentage points more likely to suffer worsened food security than salaried persons during the COVID-19 period. A large proportion of the households were forced to change their nutritional patterns to negate the adverse consequence of the pandemic on their livelihood and food security.

The cross-sectional nature of the collected data does not allow developing a causal relationship between COVID-19 implications and the food security of the households.

The pandemic has affected every sphere of life in developing countries but there is no study to assist the policymakers that how to minimize the impacts of the COVID-19 on the food security of households. Therefore, the study will fill this gap in the literature and help policymakers in developing countries to develop strategies to lessen the impact of the pandemic on food security.

Pakistan's present war against extremists has many folds and sheds. The country's initial participation in the Afghan War in 1979 later gave birth to different extremist trends in the country. State patronage of the extremist Wahabi Islamists during the Afghan jihad opened another conflict in Pakistan, and things became more complicated. The combination of external and internal factors gave birth to the worst kind of conflict, which now has not only become dangerous for the country's own existence but also a major threat for global peace. The Afghan jihad initially started as a war against Soviet occupation and later became the hub of global jihad-war against infidels.

This chapter analyzes how external factors promoted internal contradictions in Pakistan due to which the country became not only an exporter of jihadis for the world but also the worst kind of sectarian conflicts, including. Shia–Sunni, Deobandi–Wahabi clashes, entered into in the past two decades. Such a strong link exists with Pakistan's official support to global jihad. Draft sectarian groups now head to head with their opponents have killed thousands of members of rival sectors, have strong support from external sympathizers, and have spread in the country. The well planned terrorist activities of these groups reflect the fact that support to these groups in the past is now leading to a severe crisis in Pakistan. The nexuses of these indigenous extremists like Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Lashkar-e-Taiba, Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan, and Hizb-ul-Mujahideen with external terrorist organizations like Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, and Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan of Tahir Yuldasher Chechen Guerilla War has led to several bloody clashes in the country and outside.

This study aims to investigate the effects of HRM practices on administrative and faculty members’ work engagement and organizational commitment at Minhaj University Lahore, Pakistan. The primary objectives of the research are to investigate how HRM practices – such as selection and recruitment, training and development, rewards and compensation, job security, employee, participation and performance appraisal, directly and indirectly, influence organizational commitment via work engagement.

The study uses a quantitative research methodology using a survey questionnaire given to academic and administrative staff at Minhaj University Lahore. For descriptive statistics, SPSS was used, and Smart PLS 3.3.3 was used for structural equation modelling (SEM).

The results indicate that while selection and recruitment, rewards and compensation and job security do not show a significant direct impact, training and development, employee participation and performance appraisal significantly influence work engagement. Moreover, work engagement also influenced organizational commitment. In addition, work engagement significantly mediates the relationship between training and development, employee participation, performance appraisal and organizational commitment. However, selection and recruitment, rewards and compensation and job security do not show significant mediation effects.

To enhance work engagement in Pakistani HEIs, focus on tailored training, active faculty participation, effective appraisals and competitive compensation while fostering a supportive environment and recognizing accomplishments to increase commitment and institutional performance.

This study emphasizes the importance of particular tactics catered to the regional academic context for institutional performance and sustainability, providing novel insights into enhancing work engagement and organizational commitment in Pakistani higher education.

Covid-19 is a serious threat to the dietary quality of vulnerable communities in developing countries with limited economic resources. This study explored the implications of COVID-19 on daily dietary behavior and food consumption patterns of perishable and nonperishable food commodities based on the gender of household headship in Pakistan.

The data was collected through an online survey using the snowball sampling technique. A mixed design ANOVA, an independent t-test and a multivariate probit model were used to look at the data from 417 female-headed households and 1,131 male-headed households that were surveyed in the study.

Female-headed households experienced a greater decrease in their daily intake of perishable and nonperishable food commodities compared to male-headed households during COVID-19. The decrease in consumption of perishable food commodities was greater than the decrease in nonperishable food commodities for both female-headed and male-headed households. Female-headed households witnessed the largest decrease in daily intake of animal-derived foods, while male-headed households observed the highest diminution in consumption of fruits. Female-headed households and male-headed households reduced their consumption of perishable food commodities by more than one-third and one-fifth, respectively. Households with lower socioeconomic status reported higher reductions in their daily intakes of food commodities compared to households with higher socioeconomic status.

The cross-sectional nature of the collected data does not allow the development of a causal relationship between COVID-19 implications and food consumption changes in daily dietary patterns.

Dietary and consumption patterns of populations are changing worldwide due to COVID-19. There is no study to assist policymakers in determining how COVID-19 is affecting the daily food consumption patterns of perishable and non-perishable food commodities of households based on gender in the developing world.

The purpose of the study is to identify factors influencing the continuance of use of non-halal certified cosmetics among Muslim university students in Malaysia.

The research framework was developed based on the stimulus–organism–response model. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed using a purposive sampling method among Muslim students in three universities in Malaysia. A total of 501 usable data were collected and analysed using Smart partial least squares.

The analysis revealed that celebrity endorsement positively influences attitude and brand image. Meanwhile, brand image has a positive effect on attitude and continuance of use of non-halal certified cosmetics. Additionally, attitude has a positive effect on the continuance of use behaviour. Regarding predictive power enhancement, brand image and attitude were found to have a mediation effect and sequential mediation effect on the relationship between celebrity endorsement and the continuance of use behaviour. Attitude weakens the relationship between attitude and the continuance of use of non-halal cosmetics among Muslim university students in Malaysia.

Findings will primarily benefit halal and non-halal cosmetic manufacturers providing stakeholders with fundamental predicting information related to customers’ continuance of use thus resulting in better marketing strategies.

This study is focused on predicting consumer behaviour towards halal products, as well as young Muslim consumers’ perspective towards non-halal cosmetics. Celebrity endorsement is introduced as a stimulus in the context of Muslim university students to predict their continuance of use behaviour of non-halal certified cosmetics. The investigation includes the moderating effect of religiosity for the relationship between attitude and continuance behaviour. Findings reveal the mediating effects of brand image and attitude as a mediator and sequential mediator for the relationship between celebrity endorsement and continuance of use behaviour. Contributions enrich the literature related to non-halal certified contexts.

In most developing countries like Pakistan, the gap between rich and poor has widened over time. This polarization in the society hinders economic growth and acts as a barrier for development and well-being. The proportion of income distribution varies across the population sub-groups in Pakistan. Therefore, it is important to study the income distribution effects across the four provinces of Pakistan.

This study attempts to explore the root causes of income inequality and its changes in a dynamic context across the four provinces of Pakistan over a decade (2005–2006 to 2015–2016) by using a regression-based inequality decomposition method.

Age, gender and higher education are the most prominent factors explaining the level of inequality across the four provinces of Pakistan. Higher education enhances the level of inequality in all provinces but contributes negatively to its changes except for Balochistan. Skilled agricultural and fishery workers in Balochistan have contributed significantly to reducing the level of inequality over the decade but not to its changes. Healthy contribution of the unpaid family workers in economic activities has reduced the level of inequality in Punjab and Balochistan and contributed positively to the change in income inequality. Employer or self-employed workers enhance the level of income inequality but contribute negatively to its changes for Punjab and Balochistan.

To date, inequality literature on Pakistan focuses on economic growth and poverty. A handful studies focus on the determinants of income inequality in a static context. This study goes beyond the static decomposition tools and attempts to explore the determinants of inequality in a dynamic context.

The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2021-0573.