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High rates of suicide and self-harm are reported in prisons in Western countries, while fewer studies exist from a non-Western context. This study aims to identify rates of suicide, non-fatal suicide attempts and self-harm in Moroccan prisons and to better understand the context, methods, tools, predictors and profile of persons engaged in the acts.

The authors report findings from a mixed-methods study carried out before an intervention project. The study consists of a systematic literature review, an analysis of suicide case files, a quantitative survey on suicide attempts and self-harm, as well as interviews and focus group discussions. The authors calculate suicide, suicide attempt and self-harm rates and present descriptive data on the incidents. The authors use regression models to explore the association between the number of incidents per individual and selected predictors, adjusting for clustering by institution.

Over a four-year period, 29 detained persons in Morocco died by suicide (average annual suicide rate 8.7 per 100,000). Most were men under the age of 30. Hanging accounted for all but one case. In one year, 230 suicide attempts were reported. Over a three-months period, 110 self-harm cases were reported from 18 institutions, cutting being the most common method. Self-harm was significantly more prevalent among persons with a life sentence or repeated incarcerations.

To make the study manageable as part of an intervention project, the authors collected data on suicides and suicide attempts from all prisons, while data on self-harm were collected from fewer prisons and over a shorter time period. The authors did not collect comparable information from detained persons who did not die by suicide, attempt suicide or self-harm. This prevented comparative analyses. Further, it is possible that self-harm cases were not reported if they did not result in serious physical injury. Data were collected by prison staff; thus, the voice of incarcerated persons is absent.

This study provided a solid basis for designing an intervention project including the development of a national prison policy and guidelines on suicides, suicide attempts and self-harm and a country-wide training program for prison staff. It also led to a better surveillance system, allowing for trend analysis and better-informed policymaking. The qualitative results helped create an understanding of how staff may trivialize self-harm. This was integrated into the training package for staff, resulting in the creation of prison staff trainers who became the strongest advocates against the notion that self-harm was best ignored.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first published data on suicide and self-harm in Moroccan prisons. It underscores the necessity for the intervention project and gives valuable insights into suicide and self-harm in a non-Western prison context. Further research is needed to assess whether the findings are typical of the region.

This study aims to determine the pedagogical and socio-emotional impacts of school closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea.

A descriptive, survey-based methodology was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data directly from parents and caregivers. Between February 24 and March 13, 2022, data was gathered from a study population comprising 2,955 adults residing in five communes and five prefectures of Guinea.

Half of all respondents stated that school closures had no particular impact on children in their household, and 42% stated that no intentional pedagogical activities took place during school closures. Approximately 15% of respondents stated that children experienced boredom, loneliness, sadness, depression, stress and anxiety during the school closures.

The study underscores the significance of school closure readiness and interactive learning while revealing limited emotional impact on children. The findings, while specific to Guinea, provide a foundational understanding, highlighting the complexity of pandemic effects on education and the need for adaptive strategies in vulnerable regions.

In this study, the aim is to solve a class of boundary systems, using the Adomian decomposition method. This method gave very good results for solving algebraic, differential integral and partial differential equations.

Considers the Adomian decomposition method to be a powerful technique that can solve efficiently a large class of linear and nonlinear differential equations. Describes a general method for approximating the solution of the Laplace equation with Dirichlet‐boundary conditions and which can be applied to a large class of problems.

Electric vehicles (EVs) require uninterrupted and safe conditions during operations. Therefore, the diagnostic of power devices and electric motor faults are needed to improve the availability of the system. Hence, fault-tolerant control (FTC), which combines switch fault detection, hardware redundancy and post-fault control, is used. This paper aims to propose an accurate open-phase fault detection and FTC of a direct torque control permanent magnet synchronous motor electrical vehicles by using discrete Fourier-transform phase method.

The main idea is to propose detection and identification of open-phase fault (faulty leg) among three phases voltage source invertor (VSI)-fed permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. Once the faulty leg is detected and isolated, a redundant phase leg insertion, shared by a three-phase VSI, is done by using independent bidirectional TRIAC switches to conduct FTC system. This accurate fault detection significantly improves system availability and reliability. The proposed method of open-phase fault detection and identification is based only on stator phase current measurement.

A novel method is proposed with experimental validation for fault detection, isolation and FTC for a three-phase VSI-fed permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The novel discrete Fourier-transform phase method is proposed to detect an open phase based on the measurement in real time of the instantaneous phase of stator current components in the stationary frame. The experimental implementation is carried out on powerful dSpace DS1104 controller board based on the digital signal processor TMS320F240. The validity of the proposed method has been experimentally verified.

Reactive amine-amide derivatives are prepared via the addition reaction of different primary and secondary amines on acrylamide (AAm) using equivalent molar ratios and the resultant product is methylolated using equivalent amounts of HCHO. Bis (hydroxymethyl carbamoylethyl) ethylamine (I), tetra (hydroxymethyl carbamoyl ethyl) ethylene diamine (II) and penta (hydroxymethyl carbamoylethyl) diethylenetriamine (III) are prepared by reaction between ethylamine or ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine and AAm. N-Hydroxydiethyl-phosphonopropianamide (IV) is prepared via Mecheal addition reaction of diethylphosphite with AAm followed by reaction with HCHO. To impact flame-retardancy and easy care finishing to cotton fabric aqueous formulations of compound IV, etherified methylolated melamine (EMM) and/or compounds III, II or I have been prepared. Cotton fabric treated by pad–dry–cure system, the drying time was investigated. Cured cotton fabrics are fire retardant if the aqueous formulation contains 12 % w/w of compound IV and 6 % w/w of EMM respectively. Physical and mechanical properties are less deteriorated when compound III, II or I are used instead of EMM and the liberated HCHO is almost decreased to one half by replacing EMM by one of the prepared methylol compounds. Treatments with compounds III, II or I is impart antibacterial and antifungus properties to the finished fabric.

Cotton fabrics can be dyed with reactive and/or direct dyes in aqueous baths under certain specific conditions of pH, salt, temperature, time, etc., and rendered fire retardant through reaction with reactive phosphonopropionamide compounds. In the presence of reactive tertiary amines and reactive phosphorous derivatives, cotton fabrics can be dyed with reactive, direct or acid dyes in the absence of the usual added alkalis and salts, and in the mean time, the fabric becomes fire retardant with wash and wear properties. To verify such claims, reactive aminating agents are synthesized by reacting different amine compounds that have various numbers of amino groups with acryl amide and formaldehyde. The pad-dry-cure technique is applied to treated fabrics with aqueous finishing formulations that contain dyestuff and reactive amine-compounds; the cotton fabric will simultaneously impart reactive dyeing, easy-care inishing and fire-retardant properties. Systematic studies show that in the presence of 6% weight/weight, reactive amine in an aqueous formulation yields cotton fabric with the least loss in tensile strength and elongation at break, and an enhancement to the crease recovery angle. By adding the dyestuff to the aqueous formulation at fixed nitrogen content for treated cotton (0.2%) under identical dyeing conditions, the colour strength (K/S) increases for dyed cotton. The fastness properties of the dyed fabric are improved or remain unaltered for the three types of dyestuffs used

This paper considers the numerical solution of a class of boundary problems using the Adomian decomposition method. The method is applied to non‐linear differential equations with initial and boundary conditions. Concludes that this method produces very good results.

In this paper, we describe a novel approach for ontology distribution in ubiquitous environments. We present the Context Aware Explorer (CAE) framework we have developed which allows building context aware applications. Our approach, while built upon Web Ontology Language OWL and RDF Schema, is aiming at modeling context ontology for supporting context reasoning and the design of a Smart Rule Engine that maintains a shared model of context for all computing entities in the smart space. The CAE main contribution is its ability to distribute ontology based on abstract parameters related to situation and to user profile. The ultimate goal is to decrease the response time of the reasoning engine with regards to reasoning accuracy. We also describe the implementation of CAE, and its associated ontology, in a prototype demonstrator of smart environment handling indoor and outdoor context aware services. The validation of the ontology distribution approach was applied to assistive environment dedicated to people having motor disabilities and tested within laboratory conditions. Preliminary performance results are presented to highlight the impact of distributed ontology concept.

The purpose of this paper is to extend statistical energy analysis (SEA)‐like modeling to fluid‐structure coupled systems.

An equivalent approach of aerodynamic loads is applied to a SEA‐like modeling of a panel‐cavity coupled system with rain‐on‐the‐roof excitation. Two aerodynamic excitations are presented: turbulent boundary layer (TBL) and diffuse field excitation. The energetic description of the coupled system is studied with both aerodynamic excitations, taking in account the coincidence effects. In order to extent the approach to more general systems, some parameters of the coupled system are also modified and the accuracy of the coupled system modeling is investigated.

The boundary conditions of the panel and the coupling strength between the panel and the cavity have been modified. As it was expected, the accuracy of equivalent approach is shown to be independent of such modifications. The interest of such calculation is thus highlighted: modelings of systems and aerodynamic excitations are independent, and can be treated separately.

This result is interesting in the space industry, for launch vehicles are excited by different types of random excitations. Those excitations can be modeled by SEA‐like with low calculation time and memory and applied to a unique system modeling.