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Despite the deployment of state-of-the-art methodologies for project management, employee turnover in projects remains high. Such turnover has significant costs in terms of replacing personnel, potential deadline overruns and financial expenditure. Employee turnover in project contexts may stem from time-related issues associated with multiple parallel projects and short deadlines. Using person–environment fit and time congruence theories, this research examines the relationship between employee turnover intentions and individual–organizational (I–O) polychronicity fit, which captures the degree of match between individuals’ and organizational preferences for focusing on multiple tasks simultaneously.

Survey data were collected from 309 software project employees in Pakistan. Hypotheses were tested using polynomial regressions and response surface modeling.

I–O polychronicity fit is related to turnover intentions. Turnover intentions are lower when I–O polychronicity fit occurs on the lower end of the polychronicity continuum, whereas turnover intentions are higher when fit is observed on the higher end of the polychronicity continuum. The relationship between I–O polychronicity fit and turnover intentions is significantly explained by exhaustion and perceptions of work overload.

The study’s insights provide recommendations for organizations to optimally manage multitasking to help retain project employees.

These findings extend our understanding of the underlying mechanisms between I–O polychronicity fit and turnover intentions. Furthermore, this research expounds on how employee exhaustion and perceptions of work overload explain the relationship between I–O polychronicity fit and turnover intentions.

Venue comes from the Latin word meaning ‘come’ (venire). Not only the event's location or venue affect attendance but it can also have an impact on the event's personality. Additionally, the location or venue affects the event's atmosphere and the visitor experience. The most significant benefit of revitalisation or adaptive reuse is its positive impact on the environment as razing buildings is a major source of waste and carbon emissions, by contrast, adaptive reuse reduces waste, saves energy and conserves resources. The persistence of this chapter is to investigate the challenges and opportunities in making adaptive re-use or revitalisation of heritage buildings that includes forts/palace/museums as a venue for any event. For the purpose of achieving the goal, secondary data from 2000 to 2023 have been compiled from more than 50 research articles that have been published in peer-reviewed and University Grant Commission (UGC) journals, books written by various authors, including the authors themselves, other researchers working in the related field of event management, conference proceedings and websites. The authors discovered from their examination of the literature that the significance of the event venue cannot be unheeded. The event's tone sets the stage for possible guest experience influences. One must carefully consider the kind of venues or settings that are available in the destination before conducting any event.

Fairy tales and their movie counterparts have, for decades, been a means of socialising children and audiences regarding gender (e.g., Shewmaker, 2015; Whitley, 2013). Specifically, Disney movies that portray fairy tales have strongly influenced how young children learn gender roles and gendered behaviours, yet deeper examination is needed of how Disney portrayals of masculinities have evolved among these films and across character type to understand how Disney may be reflecting or impacting dominant representations of masculinity that privilege certain identities and characteristics over others (Brode, 2016). While previous work has examined Pixar films as socio-culturally meaningful for representations of boyhood that remain grounded in traditional, hegemonic notions of masculinity (Wooden & Gillam, 2014), this chapter adds to the body of work by employing a critical content analysis of Disney films from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to Disney's most recent addition of Strange World to answer the questions about how masculinities are portrayed. Through answering these questions of evolved representation throughout close to a century amount of work, we contribute to scholarship that attempts to understand media influences on boyhood culture, which is considered in crisis due to overemphasised representations of powerful, strong male characters that hide their emotions (Brode, 2016; Wooden & Gillam, 2014).