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The contribution of the different sectors in gross domestic product (GDP) growth significantly implies the relative strength of the sectors over the country. The countries are classified by world agencies in terms of regional variation as well as income classification on the basis of the topographical location and international economic strength. This chapter considers the contribution of allied sectors over GDP considering manufacturing as a separate entity under the regional variation and different income classifications. It uses World Bank recent data set of 2010 and 2018 for cross-sectional analysis of GDP growth incorporating regional variation and income classification as discrete variables. Region-specific and income classification–specific regression identifies the variations in scores and changes in importance of different allied sectors.

The purpose of this paper is to suggest two main objectives: to analyze if the size of the company is determined by the use of external legal and human resources (HR) advice; and to analyze if the size of the family business is determined by the use of these two same types of external advice.

The assessment is developed (2,013 firms, the Spanish industrial sector) by using descriptive statistics to compare the features of the different types of firms in the sample: family and non-family ones. This is completed with a test of equality of means and using econometric models.

Regarding legal advice, results show that as far as legal matters are concerned, when family businesses make greater use of this type of advice, they are smaller. This is a remarkable and interesting result because it differs from non-family firms, in which the use of this type of advice is positively related with size. Regarding the use of HR advice, while it remains significant in general cases with a positive result, this is not the same for family firms.

The use of advising in family firms is seldom dealt with in the literature, despite its helpfulness for family firm managers. There is gap in this field and a great deal of interesting research remains to be developed, because the authors consider that factors determining the use of advice in family and non-family firms are different.

El presente documento propone dos objetivos principales: (1) analizar si el tamaño de la empresa está relacionado con el uso de asesoramiento externo tanto jurídico como de recursos humanos. (2) examinar si para el caso de la empresa familiar su tamaño está relacionado por el uso de estos dos mismos tipos de asesoramiento externo.

El análisis se desarrolló (2.013 empresas, el sector industrial español) utilizando técnicas de la estadística descriptiva para comparar las características de los diferentes tipos de empresas de la muestra: familiares y no familiares queridos. Esto se completa con una prueba de la igualdad de medios y el uso de modelos econométricos.

En cuanto a asesoramiento jurídico, los resultados muestran que, en lo que se refiere a asuntos legales, las empresas familiares hacen un mayor uso de este tipo de consejos a medida que son más pequeñas. Este es un resultado notable e interesante, ya que se diferencia de las no familiares, en las que el uso de este tipo de asesoramiento se relaciona positivamente con el tamaño. Respecto al uso de asesoramiento de recursos humanos, mientras que sigue siendo significativa en los casos generales con un resultado positivo, este no es el mismo para las empresas familiares.

El uso de asesoramiento en las empresas familiares rara vez se aborda en la literatura, a pesar de su utilidad para los directivos de este tipo de empresas. Hay un vacío en este campo y una gran cantidad de investigación interesante que queda por desarrollar, teniendo en cuenta sobre todo, que los factores que determinan el uso de asesoramiento en las empresas familiares y no familiares no son los mismos.

Small Bore Inspection. Detection of corrosion and other faults in the walls of tubes, valves, holes and bores of small dimensions is now considerably simplified by the Bore Viewer. This instrument consists of a battery handle, a light probe, and sleeve with an elliptical mirror. The aide walls of the bore, illuminated by a small lamp, are viewed in the mirror through a magnifying lens and, in this way, holes from 3/16 to 1¼ in. diam. and up to 8 in. in length can be inspected in detail.

Epikote Resin Enamels. The manufacturers state that Epinamel A/C forced drying lining material has been subjected to a very wide range of chemicals. So far, approximately 50 different solutions have been used in testing the material over both short and long term immersion, and, although in some cases the results have proved unsatisfactory, in the majority they have proved very good. Amongst other things, this material has been used successfully to protect road tankers for petrol, oil and foodstuffs, rail tank cars for the same materials, marine tankers, static storage tanks for glucose, fruit juices, soaps and wine, pumps handling acids and alkalis, chemical pipework etc.

THE following list of errata, adjustments and revisions of the actual classification itself, represents all that it has been deemed necessary to note in the way of such alterations, and the changes have been suggested by the experience of users and the discoveries of various librarians. Those who use the scheme should have the changes noted in an interleaved copy of the book, and others may find it desirable to do likewise, pending the appearance of a revised issue which will be published in the near future. Most of the changes are self‐explanatory, and their meaning can be ascertained at once by reference to the S.C. itself. Suggestions and notes of errors will be very gratefully received, as it is only by the vigilance and practical working of many minds that a classification scheme can ever arrive at even reasonable accuracy and completeness.

The purpose of this paper is to present a brief outline of the potential applications of intelligent agent technology in libraries with a list of illustrative examples.

A definition and the attributes of intelligent agents are presented, along with different types of agents and their wide‐ranging applications in various contexts. Illustrative examples of intelligent agents are presented, with some interesting case studies from different domains.

The role of intelligent agents in modern libraries is highlighted from various perspectives, such as electronic information services, collection development and acquisition, classification and organization of library materials, indexing and abstracting, issuing collection, and reference services.

The authors do not attempt to devise an intelligent agent to test these applications in the libraries where they work, although they wish to pursue it as a future course of action.

With libraries dealing with patrons who never disclose fully their information needs and research interests to library staff, libraries have to resort to newer methods of feedback collection, and intelligent agents provide viable options to improve information organization and refine library services.

The paper, being very precise and covering the latest developments, offers new insight into the field of intelligent agents and their pragmatic applications in libraries to interested professionals.