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This study aims to respond to the latest research calls to precisely revisit the nexus between corporate green innovation (CGI) and financial decisions through deeply investigating the mediating effect of corporate environmental performance measured by the effectiveness of emission reduction.

This study analyzes nonfinancial-listed firms on the Australian Securities Exchange from 2002 to 2019 using multiple regression analysis on a panel data set. Initially, different static panel data approaches were used. To account for the potential endogeneity issue and generate robust outcomes, the authors apply the one-step system generalized method of moment, two-stage least squares and lagged model approaches.

The results provide a clear indication that the practices of green innovation can favorably contribute to the level of environmental performance, which in turn affect the firm’s ability in opening the new financial doors and shape solid capital structure. In this context, the effective environmental performance fully mediates the nexus between CGI and capital structure of a firm. More importantly, the outcomes are robust and coherent across different estimation techniques.

The originality of this study lies in its utilization of mediation analysis to explore the relationship between CGI and a firm's financial structure. This approach distinguishes it from previous research by offering a thorough and nuanced understanding of how green innovation practices influence the financing decisions of a firm.

This quantitative study, rooted in the resource-based view (RBV) theory, aims to investigate the relationships among green transformational leadership, green process innovation, employee environmental beliefs and firm environmental performance in Italian manufacturing companies. This study unfolds a nuanced narrative of how strategic green transformational leadership, coupled with environmentally conscious processes, can synergistically enhance an organization's overall environmental performance.

The multi-item survey questionnaire used in this study was distributed to leaders in a diverse sample of Italian companies. A total of 296 valid responses were obtained from the surveys. The collected data were analysed using statistical methods such as correlation, confirmatory factor and structural equation modelling using SPSS software.

The direct influence of green transformational leadership on firm environmental performance is supported. It also confirms the positive impact of green process innovation on environmental outcomes. It identifies green process innovation as a mediator between green transformational leadership and firm environmental performance, and employee environmental beliefs moderate the link between green transformational leadership and firm environmental performance.

This research contributes by advancing understanding within the RBV framework by elucidating the specific mechanisms through which green transformational leadership programs promote green process innovation, enhance environmental performance for organizational success, achieve sustainability goals and foster collaboration and stakeholder engagement.

This study emphasizes the significance of establishing green leadership programs, encouraging green process innovation and systematically monitoring environmental performance to accomplish organizational success and sustainability goals.

This study presents a novel and original examination by integrating the RBV theory on the relationships between green transformational leadership, green process innovation and firm environmental performance, shedding new light on the role of employee environmental beliefs.

This research has presented a paradigm model to explore the interrelationships among green human resource management practices, green innovation and sustainable performance, demonstrating its suitability within Vietnam's hospitality sector.

The study used a mixed-method approach, detailing the collection and analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data. In-depth interviews were carried out to examine various aspects of green human resource management practices. Following this, PLS-SEM statistical techniques were applied to survey responses to test the proposed hypotheses (N = 574).

This study identified several less common green human resource management practices, such as green job descriptions and analysis, green performance management, green health and safety, green involvement and empowerment and green discipline management that enhance green innovation and sustainable performance. Notably, the study highlighted the significant impact of green discipline management on green innovation and sustainable performance in the Vietnamese context.

The study emphasizes that hotel managers in Vietnam should recognize the crucial role of green innovation in effectively implementing green initiatives, as it is a key driver of sustainable performance in hotels.

This study developed a unique framework highlighting green innovation's mediating role. It demonstrates the relationships between green HR practices and environmental, economic and social performance, offering practical insights for hotel and business managers.

Green knowledge management (GKM) has become a more prominent research topic because of its ability to balance business sustainability, performance and society's well-being. The purpose of this paper is to study how GKM literature evolved before and after two major events: the introduction of sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the first conceptualization of GKM. In this paper, GKM is holistically examined following the stages of the knowledge management cycle, a framework for organizational knowledge-processing phases.

This study performed a bibliometric analysis of 1,274 papers related to GKM from 1995 until January 2024.

Over the three decades, this research outlined the intertwined relationships between core themes in the domain such as knowledge management in the context of corporate social responsibilities, sustainable development (SD), competitive advantage and so on, and popular theories. GKM evolved from an “industrial and technical view” of knowledge management to a more emerging perspective of a “social process.” Emerging themes were identified such as green innovation, information security or organizational learning sub-themes with key technologies like block-chain, big data analytics and artificial intelligence. Future research can explore themes such as green knowledge integration, green entrepreneurship, green supply chain and green knowledge integration capabilities.

This review offers practitioners a holistic picture of GKM to tackle emerging environmental concerns and increase businesses' competitive advantages. This study provides insights into the future practices of GKM, incorporating emerging technological advancement, to gain green intellectual capital and build dynamic capabilities for sustainability.

To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to provide a comprehensive picture of the GKM literature, from its earliest forms of corporate social responsibility and SD until the introduction of SDGs, and in combination with the evolution of knowledge management cycle stages.

Drawing on upper echelons theory, the authors study how the career horizon of a CEO promotes green innovation through the incentive mechanism. Meanwhile, from the perspective of speed and amount of value realization, the authors also identify two sets of shift parameters that reduce or increase incentive gap between short-career-horizon CEOs and long-career-horizon CEOs. Specifically considering the digital trend in China and the heterogeneity of firms and industries, this study aims to examine the moderating effects of firm digitalization, industrial digital transformation, slack resources and polluting firms.

In the context of China’s transitional economy, this study uses all A-share listed companies in China from 2007 to 2021, resulting in a total of 4,286 companies with 29,310 company-year observations.

The results support the hypothesis that CEO career horizon significantly facilitates green innovation at the firm level. The positive effect is attenuated by both firm digitalization and industrial digital transformation, but is amplified by slack resources and by the polluting firms. After a series of robustness tests, the research conclusions remain valid.

To extend the upper echelons perspective of existing research into CEO−green innovation, the authors make important contributions in four ways. First, this study contributes to green innovation literature by adding an unexplored yet increasingly important managerial determinant. Second, it advances research on the role of the CEO in green innovation by revealing a new theoretical mechanism. Third, it deepens the understanding of CEO career horizon by exploring its influence on innovations in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Fourth, it identifies boundary conditions that motivate CEOs in distinguishable ways, to provide a nuanced understanding of the relationship between CEO career horizon and green innovation.

Amidst the increasing global emphasis on environmental sustainability, manufacturing firms seek to integrate eco-conscious practices into their innovation processes. This study aims to explore the intricate relationships between green learning orientation (GLO), knowledge management capability (KMC), resource orchestration capability (ROC) and two dimensions of green innovation (GI): green product innovation (GPDI) and green process innovation.

Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and moderated mediation techniques were used to investigate the relationships among the constructs using data gathered from a survey of 167 manufacturing firms in the United Arab Emirates.

This study indicates that GLO significantly influences GPDI and green process innovation. Although KMC mediates the relationship between GLO and process innovation, it does not mediate the GPDI relationship. Moreover, ROC significantly strengthens the links between GLO, KMC and both the aspects of GI.

This study emphasises the importance of fostering a green learning culture and integrating it into product development without complex knowledge management systems. This study also highlighted the role of effective resource allocation in maximising environmental learning benefits for sustainable innovation. Organisations can achieve environmental progress by integrating green knowledge into product and process development and by investing in sustainable practices.

By examining various mechanisms involving moderation and mediation, this study has made a notable contribution to advancing the field of knowledge-based view theory. This study also offers enhanced insights into the interconnections among GLO, knowledge management capability, ROC and a firm’s capacity for GI.

This study aimed to examine the mediating role of corporate financial reporting quality in the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on corporate green innovation, based on the integration of stakeholder theory, opportunity cost theory, innovation diffusion theory and signaling theory.

A deductive quantitative approach was used as the research methodology. Following a survey design, questionnaire responses were collected from a purposively chosen sample of 308 employees in China. The data was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling, performed with SmartPLS4.0 software.

The findings show that CSR promotes green innovation, and that financial reporting quality mediates this relationship. It was further revealed that compared to employees’ CSR perception, consumers’ perception of firms’ CSR performance has a stronger positive effect on firms’ corporate financial reporting quality and green innovation. These findings provide insights into the impact of both internal and external CSR performance on corporate green innovation.

This study only sampled Chinese employees, meaning that the findings may not be representative of other regions. Also, as this study employed only the questionnaire instrument, future research may collect data through multiple sources, including financial reports, surveys and interviews, to better understand and estimate variations in the positive impact of CSR on green innovation.

This study establishes the mediating role of corporate financial reporting quality in linking CSR to corporate green innovation. It further examines green innovation in multiple dimensions (i.e. product, process, organizational), while also measuring CSR in dual perspectives, namely internal (employee awareness) and external (consumer awareness). The results of this study offer guidance to firms in improving their green innovation in various aspects, thus promoting sustainability and environmental friendliness in corporate development.

The purpose of this study is to explore green innovation and its role in driving competitiveness in Ecuadorian manufacturing firms, focusing on structural equation modelings, which account for more than 90% of the productive units and aggregate national income. The manufacturing sector in Ecuador reports variable growth since the start of the COVID pandemic, drawing more attention from practitioners, regulators and scholars alike, due to its distinctive footprint on people, profit and planet, particularly in the context of developing economies.

A model with two second-order constructs is developed and tested in a sample of 325 managers from manufacturing firms in Ecuador, using quantitative and cross-section methods.

After obtaining adjusted and validated metrics, a structural equation model is presented, where the main hypothesis is confirmed, supporting the positive impact of green innovation on competitiveness.

The research provides evidence on how manufacturing firms favoring green innovation in their long-term planning can unlock and sustain competitiveness. Policymakers could then offer incentives for firms to embed sustainable practices, with potential ripple effects along the supply chain, aggregating up competitiveness to industry and national levels.

The study aims to bridge the existing knowledge gap on the interplay of green innovation and competitiveness, claiming that the former significantly influences the latter, in an emerging market context, with incremental gains for all stakeholders, as posited by stakeholder theory.

El propósito de esta investigación es explorar la innovación verde y su rol en la generación de competitividad en las empresas manufactureras ecuatorianas, centrándose en las PYMES, que representan más del 90 por ciento de las unidades productivas y del ingreso nacional agregado. El sector manufacturero en Ecuador reporta un crecimiento variable desde el inicio de la pandemia de COVID, lo cual atrae la atención de profesionales, reguladores y académicos por igual, debido a su huella distintiva en la sociedad, la rentabilidad y el planeta, particularmente en el contexto de las economías en desarrollo.

Se desarrolla y estima un modelo con dos constructos de segundo orden, en una muestra de 325 gerentes de empresas manufactureras del Ecuador, utilizando métodos cuantitativos y transversales.

Tras obtener métricas ajustadas y validadas, se presenta un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, donde se confirma la hipótesis principal, sustentando el impacto positivo de la innovación verde en la competitividad.

Aportamos evidencia empírica sobre cómo las empresas manufactureras que favorecen iniciativas ecológicamente innovadoras en su planificación a largo plazo, pueden generar y sostener competitividad. Los reguladores podrían eventualmente diseñar incentivos para que las empresas incorporen prácticas sustentables, acumulando beneficios en la cadena de suministro, e incrementando así la competitividad a nivel de la industria y de la economía en su conjunto.

Nuestro estudio aspira contribuir a cerrar la brecha en la literatura en la convergencia entre la innovación verde y la competitividad, argumentando que la primera influye significativamente en la segunda, en un contexto de mercado emergente, con beneficios incrementales para todas las partes interesadas, como lo postula la teoría de stakeholders.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é explorar a inovação verde e seu papel na promoção da competitividade nas empresas manufatureiras equatorianas, com foco nas PMEs, que representam mais de 90% das unidades produtivas e da renda nacional. O sector manufatureiro no Equador regista um crescimento variável desde o início da pandemia da COVID, atraindo mais atenção tanto de profissionais, reguladores como académicos, devido à sua pegada distinta nas pessoas, nos lucros e no planeta, particularmente no contexto das economias em desenvolvimento.

Um modelo com dois construtos de segunda ordem é desenvolvido e testado em uma amostra de 325 gestores de empresas industriais no Equador, utilizando métodos quantitativos e transversais.

Após a obtenção de métricas ajustadas e validadas, é apresentado um modelo de equações estruturais, onde é confirmada a hipótese principal, apoiando o impacto positivo da inovação verde na competitividade.

A nossa investigação fornece evidências sobre como as empresas industriais que favorecem iniciativas ecologicamente inovadoras no seu planeamento a longo prazo, podem aumentar e sustentar a competitividade. Os decisores políticos poderiam então oferecer incentivos às empresas para incorporar práticas sustentáveis, com potenciais efeitos em cascata ao longo da cadeia de abastecimento, agregando competitividade aos níveis industrial e nacional.

O nosso estudo visa colmatar a lacuna de conhecimento existente sobre a interação entre inovação verde e competitividade, alegando que a primeira influencia significativamente a última, num contexto de mercado emergente, com ganhos incrementais para todas as partes interessadas, conforme postulado pela teoria dos stakeholders.

This research examines the relationship between green innovation and firm performance, focusing on identifying the moderating effects of government subsidies and digital transformation R&D investments. The study aims to provide insights on how firms can leverage green innovation for enhanced performance while addressing potential drawbacks.

This study adopts a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both analytical models and empirical analyses. It investigates the curvilinear relationship between green innovation and firm performance and explores the moderating roles of government subsidies and digital transformation R&D investments.

The findings reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between green innovation and firm performance, indicating that initial investments in green innovation led to performance improvements, but beyond a certain point, the returns diminished. The study also finds that government subsidies and digital transformation R&D investments significantly enhance the positive impact of green innovation up to the optimal threshold and help mitigate negative effects.

The research provides practical guidance for firms on managing their green innovation investments to maximize performance benefits. It also offers insights for policymakers on designing effective subsidies and support mechanisms to promote environmental sustainability and economic growth.

This study contributes to the literature by elucidating the complex relationship between green innovation and firm performance and highlighting the critical roles of government subsidies and digital transformation R&D investments. It offers valuable implications for businesses seeking to balance environmental and economic objectives and policymakers aiming to foster sustainable and profitable practices.

The transition to green growth goals requires the concerted efforts of the whole society. Enterprises, as important players in the market, play a key role in promoting green and sustainable development. The rise of the concept of sustainable development has enabled more enterprises to disclose environmental, social and governance (ESG) information, and ESG behaviour is regarded as a positive strategic behaviour to implement the new development concept. This paper aims to explore the influence of ESG performance on enterprise green innovation.

This study applies a fixed effect model and the regulation effect of empirical analysis to explore the influence of ESG performance on enterprise green innovation. The object of investigation is 2014–2021 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies.

The results of an empirical analysis outline the following conclusions: (1) ESG performance has a significant effect on enterprise green innovation, mainly by easing the pressure of the financing enterprise, fitting stakeholders’ environmental protection concept and obtaining employee organizational identity that influences enterprise green innovation. (2) Government regulation positively regulates the role of ESG performance in promoting the green innovation of enterprises. (3) Heterogeneity analysis found that the strengthening role of ESG performance on the green innovation of enterprises is stronger in green invention patents, state-owned enterprises and nonheavily polluting industries.

Despite the valuable findings, this study has a few limitations. Thus, it is necessary to extend the object of investigation by adding other Asian countries, which allows for comparison analysis and allocating best practices for promoting green innovation. Besides, innovation and ESG performance depend on the quality of institutions. In this case, the future study should incorporate the indicators that reveal the quality of institutions (corruption, transparency, digitalisation, voice, accountability, etc.).

According to the above conclusions, this paper proposes suggestions at the level of enterprises, government and investors. At the enterprise level, ESG responsibility should be strengthened, ESG information should be consciously disclosed and the quality of ESG disclosure should be improved. Government departments should play the role of supervisors, improve the construction of ESG information disclosure systems and promote the formation of ESG systems. At the social level, investors should improve the ESG information status and pay more attention to the ESG performance of enterprises.

This study fills the scientific gaps in the analysis impact of ESG performance on the green innovation of enterprises. This paper contributes to the theoretical landscape of ESG efficiency by developing approaches based on two empirical models: testing the impact of enterprise ESG performance on green innovation and testing whether government regulation plays a regulatory role in the relationship between ESG performance and green innovation. Besides, this study analysed the ESG performance and green innovation within the following categories: heavy and nonheavy polluter industries; state and nonstate-owned enterprise groups.