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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect links between environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices and financial performance using the mediate role of green innovation.

To test the current study hypotheses, the authors applied linear regressions with a panel data using the Thomson Reuters ASSET4 and Bloomberg database from a sample of 115 UK and 90 Germany companies selected from the ESG index over the period 2005–2019.

The results show that the strengths ESG increase the firm value and the weaknesses decrease it. In addition, the authors find that green innovation fully mediates the relationship between ESG practices and financial performance in UK and Germany.

The findings provide interesting implications to academics practitioners and regulators who are interested in discovering ESG score, financial performance and green innovation. The results also provide insights to regulators and the board of directors on future growth opportunities for the company and the country.

This study is unique in examining the mediation effect of green innovation on the relationship between ESG practices and financial performance.

Enhancing green innovation for corporate sustainability is one of the recent issues globally. Knowledge management has been determined as a core factor that hamstrings green innovation. The existing literature was limited to expose the importance of the knowledge management process for corporate sustainable performance. Thus, this paper aims to examine the role of the knowledge management process for corporate sustainable performance with the integration of green innovation and organizational agility following the resource-based view theory.

Cross-sectional design was used in this study. Data were gathered through convenience sampling from 475 respondents of multinational manufacturing corporations of Pakistan, analyzed by using structural equation modeling.

This study revealed that the knowledge management process and its all constructs (acquisition, dissemination and application) lead toward green innovation; further, green innovation influences corporate sustainable performance and its all constructs (environment, economic and social). Green innovation partially mediates the association between the knowledge management process and corporate sustainable performance. Besides, organizational agility has a positive effect on green innovation and corporate sustainable performance but was not found moderating these relations. The study educates that organizations investing in innovative technologies and adopting greener strategies are not only adequate for achieving sustainable performance, soft issues such as knowledge management and organizational agility but also important factors in the current knowledge base economy.

This study is an attempt to examine the previously undiscovered multi-dimensional relationships among the knowledge management process, green innovation, organizational agility and corporate sustainable performance. The presence of a positive correlation among these constructs was observed, proving the conceptual framework for this study.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of business analytics and environmental orientation toward green innovation and green competitive advantage. In addition, the study aims to explore the mediating role of green innovation in the impact of business analytics and environmental orientation on green competitive advantage.

Based upon the theoretical analysis of existing literature, several hypotheses have been developed. Data was gathered using a survey method. The survey was conducted using online portal, 388 valid responses have been processed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 for empirical analysis. Two steps were used, first reliability and validity have been measured. Following this, the authors employed structural equation modeling technique to test hypothetical relationships.

The results from the authors’ empirical analysis indicate that business analytics and environmental orientation have a pivotal role toward green innovation as well as green competitive advantage. If the results are seen comparatively, then it can be indicated that the role of business analytics is more powerful compared with the environmental orientation. Although environmental orientation is a key factor of green innovation, but its direct role toward green competitive advantage is not so strong. Similarly, to check the other mechanisms, the role of green innovation as a mediator was explored. Empirical findings have established the mediating role of green innovation in the influence of business analytics and environmental orientation on green competitive advantage. Thus, the results confirm a mechanism of green innovation in the impact of business analytics and environmental orientation on green competitive advantage.

The study captures the attention of decision-makers and highlights that business leaders need to emphasize on business analytics while making managerial decisions related to green innovation and green competitive advantage.

For the first time, this study explored the role of business analytics and environmental orientation together toward green innovation and green competitive advantage. The study adds value to the existing literature and opens new avenues for scholarly research in the area of managerial decision-making.

Green human resource management (GHRM) is critical to enhancing the ability of the companies' green innovation, but this link is rarely explored or empirically tested in the literature. Drawing upon human capital theory, the study examines a conceptual model that incorporates the effects of green human capital and management environment concern.

Data were collected from 143 firms in China, and the regression analysis and bootstrapping test were used to assess the hypothesis.

Our findings indicate that GHRM can positively influence green innovation, and green human capital mediated the link between GHRM and green innovation. In addition, management environment concern moderates the effect of GHRM on green human capital. The results further explore that the indirect effect of GHRM on green innovation through green human capital is significant for the firms with a high management environment concern, but not for this relationship with a low management environment concern.

The findings further extend the scope of GHRM research, and theoretical and practical implications of GHRM are presented to enhance environment sustainability.

The purpose of this paper is to explore whether green innovation strategy has a positive effect on green innovation. Furthermore, this study investigates whether both green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy mediate the relationship between green innovation strategy and green innovation.

This study is designed as a quantitative research using questionnaires to collect data and employing a variance-based or partial least squares structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses.

The empirical results show that green innovation strategy positively affects green innovation. This study also demonstrates that green innovation strategy positively affects green innovation indirectly via green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy in manufacturing companies in Indonesia as a developing country. This study suggests that firms should develop green innovation strategy and it must be reflected as green organizational identity to get environmental organizational legitimacy, and then firms will achieve a better green innovation performance.

This study has the following limitations. First, a structural equation modeling is used as an approach to test the hypotheses and this may raise the issue of causality. Second, although examining the antecedents of green innovation, this study does not investigate its consequences. Third, the sample size used in this study is relatively small and limited to companies in the Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut, Indonesia. Finally, this study employs a cross-sectional survey and the data obtained are based on the Likert scales that may raise the issue of perception bias of the sampled managers.

The results of this study suggest that managers need to verify the roles of green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy in their companies. In the era of environmentally conscious society, managers need to start with developing a green innovation strategy. However, managers also need to understand that having a strategy is not sufficient enough to directly enhance green innovation performance. Managers need to seek approaches on how to cultivate a strong green organizational identity and use the identity to get environmental organizational legitimacy from the stakeholders.

This research model and results provide the empirical evidence of the importance of green innovation and its antecedents, namely, a green innovation strategy, green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy. When manufacturing companies in Indonesia implement this model of managing environmental issues, the society will get more benefits in terms of the reduction of environmental degradation, the availability of more green products and programs, the improvements in resource efficiencies and economic development and the enhancement of the quality of life.

A research framework exploring the mediating roles of green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy on green innovation strategy–green innovation relationship is developed to provide the empirical evidence for the organizational identity theory and the organizational legitimacy theory. This study also provides practical implications for managers who are facing the environmental awareness business environment. If they want to achieve a better green innovation performance, managers should enhance their awareness in managing the antecedents of green innovation performance, namely, green innovation strategy, green organizational identity and environmental organizational legitimacy.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between firms’ life cycle stages (mature vs growth) and green process innovation performance. In addition, this research delineates the mechanism by which the mature stage firms are more strongly associated with green process innovation performance compared to growth stage firms and recognizes technological capabilities as a mediating variable fundamental to achieve a higher level of green process innovation performance.

This research collected data from 202 publicly listed Thai manufacturing firms. Initially, it used multiple regression analysis to test the relationship between mature stage firms and green process innovation performance compared to the relationship between growth stage firms and green process innovation performance. Later, this research followed Muller et al. (2005) to test the mediating role of technological capabilities and conducted (Sobel, 1982, 1986; Preacher and Hayes, 2004) tests to further validate the mediation effect.

The hypothesized relationships were found to be significant, providing a strong support that mature stage firms have higher green process innovation performance compared with growth stage firms. Moreover, the technological capabilities more strongly mediate the relationship between mature stage firms and green process innovation performance compared to growth stage firms and green process innovation performance.

This research contributes to the existing understanding about the internal drivers of green process innovation performance by incorporating and analyzing the firms’ life cycle stages as an internal driver. This research also contributes by empirically testing the mediating role of technological capabilities on the relationship between firms’ life cycle stages and green process innovation performance.

Currently, environmental and social concerns have made green innovation more popular among researchers and practitioners around the globe. Developed countries tend to focus more on this issue, compared to developing countries. However, the reality shows that small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are considered as high contributors to environmental pollution. This study is designed for, and conducted on, SMEs in a developing country, Pakistan. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the main determinants of green innovation adoption in SMEs in Pakistan.

A data sample of 288 SMEs from five different sectors was collected and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique.

The results of the study indicate that organizational and human resource factors, market and customer factors, and government support and technological factors have a positive and significant impact, whereas external partnership and cooperation, and rules and regulatory factors have an insignificant impact on green innovation adoption in SMEs in Pakistan.

The outcomes of the study have important implications for managers as well as for government policy makers regarding framing better policies to promote green practices in SMEs.

The purpose of this study is to explore the green innovation evolution in coal enterprises in China and the various driving mechanisms influenced by government regulations, enterprise resource capability and supply chain integration.

This paper uses the innovation data of coal enterprises in China for constructing a model to infer how enterprises achieve green innovation (the “hybrid drive effect model”).

This paper shows that various driving modes of green innovation in an enterprise are influenced by government regulations, enterprise resource and capability, supply chain integration and the interaction effects between any two actors.

By examining the evolution process of green innovation in a specific industry from the perspectives of exploitative and exploratory innovation, the paper touches a relatively novel view on green innovation.

Growing public concern about the natural environment is rapidly transforming the competitive landscape and forcing firms to adopt green innovation strategies. Many manufacturing firms have recognized the concept of green innovation, though there has been relatively little research on considerations of its driver and effect. The purpose of this paper is to empirically develop and test a theoretical model that analyzes how organizational green culture (OGC) influences green performance and competitive advantage. Specifically, this model explains how green innovation mediates these relationships.

The paper collected data from 327 manufacturing firms of different industry sectors in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling with AMOS 11 software was applied to analyze the data. Data on specific environmental innovation issues at the firm level are not usually available from published sources, so this paper uses a questionnaire. The questionnaire is developed based on the literature.

The findings of this paper suggest that OGC significantly predicted green performance and competitive advantage, respectively. Moreover, the results show that both green innovation completely mediates between OGC and green performance, and that it has a partially mediating effect on the relationship between organization green culture and competitive advantage under environmental pressure.

This study has some limitations that point to the future lines of research. Perhaps, the biggest limitation of the study is that the data are from a single country, which may hamper generalization. This study is also limited in that it is based on cross-sectional data. A final limitation is the origin of organizational culture vs employee attitude culture.

This study contributes to the existing literature on organizational culture and innovation by considering green environmental concerns, which have not been empirically explored. This study also offers a unique theoretical argument describing the relationships by considering the mediating effect of green innovation strategy.

The authors aim to apply an “interpretive context – organizational action – outcome” framework to explore the positive effect of green organizational identity on green innovation performance. Besides, they would like to verify that both environmental commitment and environmental organizational legitimacy mediate between green organizational identity and green innovation performance.

The authors utilize a hybrid research method that includes both questionnaire data and public data to test the hypotheses to satisfy the triangulation in methodology. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to perform the empirical research.

The results show that green organizational identity would positively affect green innovation performance. Moreover, green organizational identity could positively influence green innovation performance indirectly via environmental commitment and environmental organizational legitimacy. Firms should increase their green organizational identity, environmental commitment, and environmental organizational legitimacy to enhance their green innovation performance. Furthermore, the authors find out that green organizational identity, environmental commitment, environmental organizational legitimacy, and green innovation performance of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) are lower than those of large enterprises in Taiwan.

The authors develop a research framework to explore the positive effect of green organizational identity on green innovation and explore the mediation effects of environmental commitment and environmental organizational legitimacy.