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The purpose of this paper is to form propositions about the relationship between top management team (TMT) heterogeneity and peer effects in investment decision-making and explore the mediating role of social learning processes.

To investigate the correlations between TMT heterogeneity and investment peer effects, we considered the TMT heterogeneity category, team process and contextual factors. With a sample of 8,467 firm-year observations from Chinese listed companies, we used the mean linear model and instrumental variable method to empirically examine their relationships. To identify the mediating role of social learning processes, we introduced a social learning model to find out the contextual factors influencing corporate social learning demands from three aspects and subsequently used comparative statics analysis to explore the variations in the main effect under these contextual factors.

For task-oriented heterogeneity (e.g. functional background, education and tenure heterogeneity), the opposite effects of information elaboration and social categorization processes make it a nonlinear multiplex correlation with investment peer effects. For relation-oriented heterogeneity (e.g. age and gender heterogeneity), the sole effect of social categorization processes leads to a negative linear correlation. Further, we identify the mediating role of social learning processes. In summary, we established a connection from the TMT heterogeneity, to information elaboration theory or social categorization theory, to social learning processes and ultimately to investment peer effects.

The results of this study provide a comprehensive perspective to predict the decision-making outcomes of team heterogeneity and contribute to heterogeneity research and practice.

This study aims to identify seasonal drought using standardized precipitation index (SPI). The following specific objectives are to generate result and identify seasonal drought and determine different scale of seasonal drought and its impacts on cropping season.

Seasonal SPI was calculated using long-term rainfall data for three seasons. The SPI was calculated using the formula and it is effective for the determinants. This study showed the functional relationship between drought duration, frequency and drought time scale using the SPI. SPI=X−X¯σ.

Seasonal drought occurs more frequently in Bangladesh that affects crops and the agricultural economy every year. More severe drought was recorded during the Kharif-1 and Kharif-2 seasons and most crops were affected in these two seasons. No severe or moderate drought was recorded during the Rabi season. The results showed that monsoon crops were severely affected severely by extreme and severe droughts during the Kharif-2 season. Eventually, the people remain jobless during the monsoon, and they experience food shortages like monga. Several obstacles were recorded during the season, including delayed preparation of land, sowing, transplanting and other farming activities because of monsoon droughts. This study revealed that very frequently, mild dryness occurs in winter, but crop loss is minimal. The scale and occurrence of extreme droughts are more frequent during monsoons and reduce crop yields, affecting livelihoods in the study area. Seasonal drought affects cropping patterns as well as reduce crop yields.

The outcome of this study derived from the secondary data and field data.

In the context of an evolving digital-based global economy, this study aims to investige the impact of digital transformation (DT) on a firm’s internal control (IC) quality. It also explores how the personal traits of (CEOs) – such as age, gender and educational background – intersect with DT to shape the IC quality in various types of state-owned enterprises (SOEs).

The study uses the data from China A-shares non-financial enterprises, listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges between 2007 and 2020. Using the fixed effect regression method alongside various statistical techniques, such as propensity score matching, alternative analysis and instrumental variables analysis, yields robust findings. These methods effectively address issues related to functional form misspecification and potential biases from omitted explanatory variables.

The findings reveal a positive impact of DT on firm IC quality, and this impact is more pronounced in firms when the CEO is female, young and possesses a higher level of education. Notably, the study also distinguishes between central and local state-owned enterprises (SOEs), highlighting that DT has a greater influence on IC quality in central SOEs, where CEOs often have higher political ranks and closer to government monitoring. Overall, the findings are robust and consist to alternative variable and other statistical methods.

Following are the significant implications for both academia and business. First, firms that effectively adopt DT to enhance IC not only gain a strategic advantage over competitors but also establish efficient risk management practices and a robust IC system. Second, better IC resulting from DT can enhance investor and stakeholder confidence. This is particularly important for publicly traded companies, where investors and analysts closely scrutinize the robustness of IC systems. Third, DT could result in cost savings over time, as automation and streamlined processes may reduce the need for manual efforts and resource-intensive tasks associated with IC.

The findings are contributed to the literature in multiple ways. It enhances our comprehension of the intricate DT-IC quality relationship, and provides valuable insights into the transformative impact of DT on organizational operations and risk management. It also introduces a novel perspective by investigating how CEOs personal traits intersect with DT to shape IC quality, contributing to upper echelons theory. Furthermore, it expands the discussions on firm ownership by considering the types of SOEs (central vs. local), in the DT-IC quality context.

This paper aims to comprehensively investigate the multifaceted realm of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), delving into their unique characteristics, analyzing their far-reaching influence, and uncovering broader implications within the ever-evolving financial landscape. By addressing the research gap concerning the impact of team diversity on ICO success, we contribute nuanced insights to the existing discourse. Through meticulous data collection and econometric modeling, our purpose is to unravel the intricate dynamics at play, offering valuable perspectives on the transformative role of ICOs and the potential significance of team diversity in shaping their outcomes.

To explore the impact of team diversity on the success of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), we compiled a comprehensive database comprising 3,082 profiles and 309 projects from LinkedIn, ICOBench, and Coindesk. This dataset facilitated the creation of diverse variables for our econometric model, enabling a nuanced analysis of interactions and dynamics in the context of our research question. Through this methodical approach, we aim to contribute valuable insights into the role of team diversity in shaping the outcomes of ICO campaigns.

Our analysis of 3,082 profiles and 309 projects sheds light on the intricate dynamics of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). Team diversity emerges as a pivotal factor, significantly impacting the success of ICO campaigns. The econometric model, enriched with variables derived from our extensive dataset, reveals nuanced interactions. Teams characterized by diverse profiles exhibit a tangible influence on campaign outcomes, underscoring the importance of inclusivity in shaping the transformative potential of ICOs. These findings contribute valuable insights into the evolving landscape of financial innovation, emphasizing the role of diverse teams in navigating the complexities of decentralized, inclusive investment paradigms.

This study contributes to the evolving discourse on Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) by pioneering an exploration into the uncharted territory of team diversity and its impact on campaign success. While previous research has delved into ICO performance and success variables, our focus on team diversity as a critical determinant presents a novel perspective. By methodically assembling a substantial dataset and applying an intricate econometric model, we offer a unique lens through which to understand the nuanced interplay of diverse teams in shaping the outcomes of ICOs. This fills a significant research gap and provides valuable insights into the multifaceted dynamics of contemporary financial innovation.

Based on the theoretical predictions of media equation theory and the computers-are-social-actors (CASA) perspective, this study aims to examine the effects of performance error type (i.e. logical, semantic or syntactic), task type and personality presentation (i.e. dominant/submissive and/or friendly/unfriendly) on users’ level of trust in their personal digital assistant (PDA), Siri.

An experimental study of human–PDA interactions was performed with two types of tasks (social vs functional) randomly assigned to participants (N = 163). While interacting with Siri in 15 task inquiries, the participants recorded Siri’s answers for each inquiry and self-rated their trust in the PDA. The answers were coded and rated by the researchers for personality presentation and error type.

Logical errors were the most detrimental to user trust. Users’ trust of Siri was significantly higher after functional tasks compared to social tasks when the effects of general usage (e.g. proficiency, length and frequency of usage) were controlled for. The perception of a friendly personality from Siri had an opposite effect on social and functional tasks in the perceived reliability dimension of trust and increased intensity of the presented personality reduced perceived reliability in functional tasks.

The research findings contradict predictions from media equation theory and the CASA perspective while contributing to a theoretical refinement of machine errors and their impact on user trust.

The study aims to provide concrete service remediation and enhancement for LLM developers such as getting user forgiveness and breaking through perceived bottlenecks. It also aims to improve the efficiency of app users' usage decisions.

This paper takes the user reviews of the app stores in 21 countries and 10 languages as the research data, extracts the potential factors by LDA model, exploratively takes the misalignment between user ratings and textual emotions as user forgiveness and perceived bottleneck and uses the Word2vec-SVM model to analyze the sentiment. Finally, attributions are made based on empathy.

The results show that AI-based LLMs are more likely to cause bias in user ratings and textual content than regular APPs. Functional and economic remedies are effective in awakening empathy and forgiveness, while empathic remedies are effective in reducing perceived bottlenecks. Interestingly, empathetic users are “pickier”. Further social network analysis reveals that problem solving timeliness, software flexibility, model updating and special data (voice and image) analysis capabilities are beneficial in breaking perceived bottlenecks. Besides, heterogeneity analysis show that eastern users are more sensitive to the price factor and are more likely to generate forgiveness through economic remedy, and there is a dual interaction between basic attributes and extra boosts in the East and West.

The “gap” between negative (positive) user reviews and ratings, that is consumer forgiveness and perceived bottlenecks, is identified in unstructured text; the study finds that empathy helps to awaken user forgiveness and understanding, while it is limited to bottleneck breakthroughs; the dataset includes a wide range of countries and regions, findings are tested in a cross-language and cross-cultural perspective, which makes the study more robust, and the heterogeneity of users' cultural backgrounds is also analyzed.

Drawing upon the theoretical frameworks of conservation of resources and social exchange theories, this study investigates how perceived well-being-oriented human resource management (WBHRM) practices can boost job embeddedness, encourage functional presenteeism, and diminish intention to leave by cultivating a sense of purpose in the workplace.

Adopting a time-lagged design, data were collected from healthcare organizations in Canada at two distinct time points. Structural equation modeling and Bootstrap analysis were used to validate the research hypotheses.

The results revealed that perceived WBHRM practices directly enhanced work meaningfulness. Perceived WBHRM practices indirectly fostered sustainable presenteeism and job embeddedness and decreased intention to leave through work meaningfulness.

This study provides valuable insights for healthcare organizations aiming to boost nurse retention and attraction through sustainable HRM practices. By prioritizing employee well-being, growth and a positive workplace culture, organizations can create a fulfilling work environment that enhances job satisfaction and loyalty. Additionally, fostering functional presenteeism and a strong sense of work meaningfulness can improve both individual and organizational performance. This approach not only positions the organization as a top employer but also ensures long-term success.

These findings support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals of decent work (8 SDG) and good health and well-being (3 SDG).

This study makes a significant contribution to HRM literature by introducing the concept of work meaningfulness and highlighting its critical role in improving both individual and organizational outcomes. It uniquely examines the positive aspects of presenteeism, a relatively underexplored area. Furthermore, the study showcases how WBHRM practices can create a supportive environment for nurses, enabling them to balance health and performance while enhancing their sense of purpose, thus offering a novel perspective on sustainable HRM practices in healthcare.

This study aims to explore the determinants of digital technology adoption within micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) operating in a developing economy. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of fit-viability and task-technology fit models, this study investigates the impact of environmental fit, task-technology fit and viability on the intention to adopt digital technologies among MSMEs.

This study validates the theoretical model using structural equation modeling, using data collected from 280 experienced respondents employed in the MSMEs in India.

The results indicate that both functional and symbolic benefits positively impact managers’ intention to adopt digital technology. However, subgroup analysis reveals that in the case of service enterprises, only functional benefits have a positive influence on managers’ intention to adopt digital technology. In addition, the findings underscore the crucial role of viability in shaping the intention to adopt digital technologies among MSMEs. This study highlights how functional and symbolic benefits motivate digital technology adoption in MSMEs.

There is a dearth of empirical studies investigating the factors influencing the adoption of digital technology by MSME firms, especially within the context of developing economies and specifically within the MSME domain. This study contributes to the theoretical discussion surrounding digital technology adoption among MSMEs in India. Through empirical research, it expands on the fit-viability model and formulates a technology adoption model within the MSME context.

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how chair-chief executive officer (CEO) generational difference is related to debt financing.

This paper adopts the pooled ordinary least squares and system generalized method of moments estimation procedures to analyze listed firms in Malaysia from 2013 to 2017.

The results reveal that chair-CEO generational difference is negatively associated with leverage. The evidence suggests that substantial age gaps between the chair and CEO precipitate cognitive conflicts, which lead to better monitoring and control. This results in better governance and less information asymmetry, causing firms to depend less on debt as a board monitoring mechanism. The findings provide support to the theory posited in this paper on the substitutability of chair-CEO generational difference and debt financing.

This is the first attempt to investigate the substitutability of chair-CEO generational difference and debt financing.

The purpose of this paper is to describe sustainability of hollow and solid blocks in sub-Saharan Africa.

Indicators of stakeholder value are proposed for measuring block sustainability based on comparisons of user building value price and carbon emissions. Block manufacturing processes in Tanzania and Uganda are described and assessed in this context.

The results from Uganda indicate that there are economic and environmental advantages in using hollow blocks as long as they are produced to statutory compliance levels. However, where blocks are not produced to standard requirements, the results indicate that it is better to use solid blocks. This surprising result seems to indicate that blocks prepared using low additions of cement might have sufficient functional quality for simple residential building applications even though they might not meet current standard strength requirements and have low cement productivity. These results also indicate that the improvement potential indicated previously cannot be realised when hollow blocks are used for simple construction needs.

Clear benchmarks for the best practical level of cement block sustainability seem to be missing. The first reasons is that the lowest acceptable compressive strength has not been defined since standard requirements might not be relevant in the studied context. The second one is that the lowest possible practically achievable cement content with acceptable cement productivity has not been established.

Understanding sustainability can be very difficult and substantial work needs to be done to introduce operational sustainability indicators.

The results contribute to the discussion of understanding, defining and measuring sustainability.