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Outlines the development of the theory of fractal imaging technology and the evolvement of the theory into a practical technology for storing images. Describes the use of fractal imaging technology to store and index 44,000 images in the George Washington Wilson Collection, in the Queen Mother Library, University of Aberdeen. Indicates the long‐term applications of the technology.

Since the term was first coined in 1977, fractals seem to have pervaded every branch of science. Attempts to explain what fractals are and what they are being used for. Are they a fad or are they really useful? Considers factors including quantitative measurement, image compression and computer graphics. Concludes that the future will see an increase in the use of fractal graphics.

In this article, research as “mass media” (Luhmann) is appraised. “Videocy” or videoed research results are examined. A form of video research with its roots in action research, Delphi methodology and visual anthropology is reported on. The simulacra it produces, wherein feedback loops are used to produce an effect similar to the fractali‐zations of complexity, achieves a powerful reality‐effect. But is it a “responsible” form of (research) practice?

Observes that in today’s digital world, not many things continue to operate in the traditional manner. This is because the ways of living and working demand new technology, new tools and new methods. This is the case for libraries too. They have to adapt to this new digital world because their traditional way of working with books and papers cannot cover any more new customer demands and their applications. The advent of the virtual library is usually presented as a positive development for library users. Presents a new way of organizing such a virtual library, an interactive support software and an application using fractals and chaos models of the way this new approach can be used. Focuses on such applications because their important feature is not their final picture but the way in which this picture is generated, and changes through time.

Compact and wideband antennas are the need of modern wireless systems that preferably work with compact, low-profile and easy-to-install devices that provide a wider coverage of operating frequencies. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel compact and ultrawideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna intended for high frequency wireless applications.

A square microstrip patch antenna was initially modeled on finite element method-based electromagnetic simulation tool high frequency structure simulator. It was then loaded with a rectangular slit and Koch snowflake-shaped fractal notches for bandwidth enhancement. The fabricated prototype was tested by using vector network analyzer from Agilent Technologies, N5247A, Santa Clara, California, United States (US).

The designed Koch fractal patch antenna is highly compact with dimensions of 10 × 10 mm only and possesses UWB characteristics with multiple resonances in the operating band. The −10 dB measured impedance bandwidth was observed to be approximately 13.65 GHz in the frequency range (23.20–36.85 GHz).

Owing to its simple and compact structure, positive and substantial gain values, high radiation efficiency and stable radiation patterns throughout the frequency band of interest, the proposed antenna is a suitable candidate for high frequency wireless applications in the K (18–27 GHz) and Ka (26.5–40 GHz) microwave bands.

The objective of the present work is to find an alternative approach for gearbox condition monitoring using wear particle characterization incorporated with image vision systems.

It is a quite well‐known phenomenon that wear generates whenever two metallic bodies have contact with each; other hence the present work tries to investigate the effect of improper lubrication in the gearbox due to wear particle generation between gear wheels. Since the identification of wear for machine condition monitoring needs much expertise knowledge and is time‐consuming using the conventional process, fractal mathematics with image morphological analysis has been utilized to overcome this situation in the present work.

The type of wear has been found for the present method by utilizing the lubricant used in the system ferrographically and a great deal of image processing has been done to characterize the type of particle so that the proper maintenance strategy can be undertaken.

Wear particle characterization is a quite common method in maintenance engineering, especially when fault diagnosis of any equipment is concerned. In the present work, the CCD acquisition of the images has been done for different particles, but one analysis amongst them has been shown in this paper. Among all other methodologies, the new technique of fractal mathematics has been used in the present work to minimize the imaging hazards and to make the system more user‐friendly.

Pipelines are seriously corroded due to the close distance between pipelines and high voltage transmission lines. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of alternating current (AC) on corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in coastal soil solution.

The corrosion behavior of X80 steel under different AC densities in coastal soil solution was investigated by electrochemical measurements and image processing technology. Furthermore, a quantitative description model of AC corrosion through fractal dimension of corrosion image was established.

The results show that under low AC density the X80 steel is mainly uniform corrosion, and once AC density reaches 150 A/m², the corrosion morphology gradually turns to pitting corrosion with irregular circle. For another aspect, the fractal dimension of corrosion images shows that the two/three-dimensional fractal dimension increase with the increase of AC density, presenting a linear and an exponential relationship respectively. In addition, the variation of the three-dimensional fractal dimension is the same as that of average corrosion rate. The threshold of the increasing trend of fractal dimension as well as corrosion type is 150 A/m².

The investigation provides a quantitative method to describe AC corrosion morphology through fractal dimension. Furthermore, the method is of benefit to process corrosion images automatically.

Neuroscience is providing new tools to potentially improve diagnosis and classification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on biomarkers. The purpose of this paper, is to describe certain applications of fractal analysis, a tool used to measure information complexity observed within electroencephalograph (EEG) signals and neurogenetic code. It is argued here that a better method of diagnosis of ASD may exist based on these new tools.

Selective review of literature focused on the diagnosis of ASD and recent technological advances in scientific approaches to diagnosis of ASD. It is argued that higher levels of complex, coherent data are inversely related to pathology; in biological systems, lower complexity EEG during specific tasks may reveal pathology.

Clinicians and researchers are exploring new ways to describe mental illness based on biomarkers to improve reliability and validity of diagnostic methods. Specific application of chaos theory in the form of fractal analysis shows promise as one possible method.

This is a conceptual paper addressing the advantages of employing fractal analysis of EEG and genomics for the diagnosis of ASD.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the variation law between the clay microstructure and macro external force by using soil scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.

First, SEM images of clay were pre-processed by MATLAB, and quantitative statistical parameters such as directional probability entropy, fractal dimension and shape factor are extracted. Second, the distribution force model was proposed, considering that the microscopic parameters of soil particles were independent of each other, and the distribution coefficient was determined according to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, the fitted formula of quantitative statistical parameters based on the distribution force model was obtained by taking the macroscopic distribution force as independent variable and the microscopic parameters of soil particles as dependent variable. Finally, the correctness of corresponding fitting formula was verified.

The results showed that the change of external consolidation pressure has great influence on the directional probability entropy and fractal dimension, while the shape factor reflecting the regular degree of soil particle shape is less sensitive to the consolidation pressure. The fitting formula has high accuracy, and mostly the R value can reach more than 0.9. All the data have passed the test, which proves that the distribution force model proposed in this paper is rational.

The model can be used to connect the macroscopic stress of soil with the micro-structure deformation of soil particles through mathematical formula, which can provide reference for engineering practice.

Seeks to integrate the complete design process beginning with a design created with the mathematical perception of fractal geometry, followed by the introduction of these images into CAD systems and its adjustment to the technical and aesthetic limitations of the printing industry. The result is an artwork created on a pure mathematical basis using the most recent techniques of computer‐aided textile design.