Search results

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interrelationships among the dimensions of sport event experience, event satisfaction and event behavioral intentions.

The sample was comprised of 186 individuals who actively participated in a mass participation sport event. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationships among the latent constructs.

The results indicated that the dimensions of sport event experience predicted 55% of the variance of event satisfaction and 63% of the variance of event behavioral intentions was predicted by sport event experience dimensions and event satisfaction. Specifically, the sensory, affective and relational dimensions of experience sought to have a statistically significant and positive association with event satisfaction, while event satisfaction and the relational dimension of experience were found to have a statistically significant and positive correlation with event behavioral intentions. In addition, event satisfaction was found to mediate the relationships between sensory, affective and relational experiences and event behavioral intentions.

The present study is one of the first that explores the relationships among sport event experience’s dimensions, event satisfaction and positive behavioral intentions in the context of sport event participation.

This study examined the characteristics, motivations and satisfaction of volunteers for the Cincinnati Flying Pig Marathon Weekend across a 10-year period. The purpose was to enhance our understanding of sport event volunteers, especially in the long term. This information and insight may be useful in light of ongoing challenges with volunteer recruitment and retention, which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The authors developed and implemented an online survey, based primarily on the Special Event Volunteer Motivation Scale (SEVMS) and the Volunteer Motivations Scale for International Sporting Events (VMS-ISE). The sample included a total of 2,038 respondents – 1,086 in 2012 and 952 in 2022. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests; qualitative data provided additional insight.

About two-thirds of 2022 survey respondents were “repeat volunteers.” Volunteer characteristics, motivations and satisfaction remained relatively consistent across the 10-year period. These volunteers were motivated by a set of multiple, interrelated factors which the authors call “community-based altruism” – that is, the desire to help others driven by a sense of community involvement and pride. In both years, more than 90% were satisfied with their volunteer experience. Satisfaction was higher for individuals with certain characteristics such as being a repeat volunteer and volunteering with a group.

This may be the first scholarly article to assess volunteer characteristics, motivations and satisfaction for a major sport event in the same location across multiple years. While it focused on a three-day running event in a midwestern city in the United States, the approach and findings may be applicable to sport event volunteers in other contexts.

In the era of big data, various industries are generating large amounts of text data every day. Simplifying and summarizing these data can effectively serve users and improve efficiency. Recently, zero-shot prompting in large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated remarkable performance on various language tasks. However, generating a very “concise” multi-document summary is a difficult task for it. When conciseness is specified in the zero-shot prompting, the generated multi-document summary still contains some unimportant information, even with the few-shot prompting. This paper aims to propose a LLMs prompting for multi-document summarization task.

To overcome this challenge, the authors propose chain-of-event (CoE) prompting for multi-document summarization (MDS) task. In this prompting, the authors take events as the center and propose a four-step summary reasoning process: specific event extraction; event abstraction and generalization; common event statistics; and summary generation. To further improve the performance of LLMs, the authors extend CoE prompting with the example of summary reasoning.

Summaries generated by CoE prompting are more abstractive, concise and accurate. The authors evaluate the authors’ proposed prompting on two data sets. The experimental results over ChatGLM2-6b show that the authors’ proposed CoE prompting consistently outperforms other typical promptings across all data sets.

This paper proposes CoE prompting to solve MDS tasks by the LLMs. CoE prompting can not only identify the key events but also ensure the conciseness of the summary. By this method, users can access the most relevant and important information quickly, improving their decision-making processes.

The purpose of this paper is to consider some of the issues of vulnerability and risk, mitigation, adaptation and the adaptive capacity of events. Given the significance of events to community, society and the economy, it seems imperative that the risks of any potential negative effects of climate change on this sector are understood, and that the capacity of events to adapt to and mitigate climate change is identified.

This exploratory conceptual paper considers some of the issues of vulnerability and risk, mitigation, adaptation and the adaptive capacity of events, and highlights the fact that different types of events are likely to be affected unequally by climate change.

The paper finds that different types of events are likely to be impacted in different ways by climate change. It also concludes that smaller, community events and larger hallmark events are likely to be most seriously affected by climate change, as they are types of events which rely on specific locations and venues.

The limitations are those of a conceptual paper – although the empirical research on climate change and tourism may reflect the situation for the events industry, this has not yet been tested. Future research should test the propositions in this paper.

The paper suggests strongly that the events industry should incorporate strategies for adapting to climate change impacts into its policy and planning. Some of the likely climate change impacts are identified in the paper, along with potential adaptation solutions.

This topic has not yet been addressed in the academic literature and therefore the paper represents an important step in the understanding of climate change. The paper has academic value as a platform to underpin future research and practical value for event organisers planning for an uncertain future.

The purpose of this paper is to motivate hospitality leaders and local festival and special event management to grow their events from simply local events to those that attract tourists and tourists' dollars to the community.

Previous research is discussed but no new research is offered.

This commentary challenges event managers to elevate their local events into attractors bringing tourists and tourist spending to the community.

Festivals and special events should consider growing their events such that they attract new monies to the community, put heads in beds, and generate revenue for tourism providers and other merchants across the local economy. The article offers suggestions to tourism officials for the distribution of public support funding to help local festivals successfully grow their events.

Readers will find the Charleston model discussed herein of value as they consider the politics of funding festivals and special events in their community. The paper offers suggestions and warnings for the growth.

The aim of this opinion piece is to seek to cast a critical eye over the event studies field to chart its progress as an emerging area of study, relative to its close relations tourism, hospitality and leisure.

Viewpoint approach.

The paper highlights various challenges that event educators and researchers face in advancing event studies to discipline status.

It is timely that, as the quantum of event research and the number of event management education programmes surge, those involved in the field engage in greater critical introspection. This opinion piece attempts to provide such a reflective insight, which has been largely absent from the event studies literature to date.

The purpose of this paper is to find the event memory characteristics hidden in trade data.

First, historical trade data are analyzed to define the events described by multi‐dimensional characteristic variables. The variables containing information are employed to build the event description patterns. Furthermore, a search engine is developed for calendar events, which can search for events in historical data and produce a collection of events. The search engine also extracts relevant system reaction phenomena described by trend distribution for each event pattern. Finally, both event patterns and system reactions construct the episodic memory model.

The event patterns and the system reactions are used to define the episodic memory model. The search methods for the episodic memory model obtained from trade data set are given.

Accessibility and availability of data are the main limitations affecting where the method can be applied.

The method is helpful for traders when judging the current trade situation from historical memory.

The paper presents a new episodic memory modeling method based on trade data.

This paper aims to present answers to the strategic question “will sustainability change the business model of the event industry”.

The paper seeks the opinions of seven experts working in various roles within the event industry and all contributing to the development of ISO 20121 and representing a cross‐geographical mix.

The paper discusses the current demand for sustainability within the event industry. The entire group agreed that within a short‐time period, demand for sustainability will grow, making this an attractive business model.

The paper presents a viewpoint from leaders in the event industry in which they recognize the value of an international standard for sustainability. The participants all agreed to work to raise the profile of sustainability in the event sector in their own countries.

The aim of this study was to develop a multi‐professionally agreed list of adverse events, which may act as a prompt for clinical incident reporting in trauma and orthopaedics and to determine what healthcare professionals understand by the term adverse event. A modified Delphi process with healthcare professionals working in trauma and orthopaedics (242) in three NHS trusts was performed. The process involved initial brainstorming sessions, a two‐round Likert‐style postal questionnaire and final focus group discussion. The initial brainstorming sessions generated a list of 224 adverse events to be included in the first round of the postal questionnaire. They included 83 causes of adverse events, 36 health and safety related adverse events and 105 clinical adverse events. Following the second round questionnaire and focus group discussion, a final list of 20 adverse events was produced. There were variations between professional groups in terms of validity scoring of individual adverse events. Overall, medical staff gave a lower rating to the adverse events than the other two professional groups. There were also variations between professional groups in terms of response rates. The modified Delphi process proved to be a successful tool for generating a multi‐professionally agreed list of adverse events and for understanding what healthcare professionals understand by the term adverse event.

This paper identifies factors that support and hinder image transfer in sports sponsorships. It develops a framework of drivers of image transfer and tests the proposed hypotheses empirically at a large sporting event with a number of different sponsors. The results suggest that event-sponsor fit has a positive impact and is the main driver of the strength of image transfer. Event involvement also positively affects image transfer, but the magnitude of this effect is lower. Sponsorship exposure does not have a significant influence. However, there is an interaction between event-sponsor fit and sponsorship exposure, indicating that higher exposure leads to an increased image transfer if the fit between event and sponsor is high. Implications of results for the choice and design of sport sponsorships are discussed and further areas of research identified.