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This study aims to investigate into the dynamic connection between ESG scores and the volatility term structure for Indian companies listed BSE. The study divides the BSE-100 listed companies into two panels based on their median ESG scores in 2022, creating high and low ESG scoring groups to capture volatility structure.

The study employs time-varying symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models and followed by continuous Wavelet to capture volatility structure and explore comparative resilience behavior.

The study found similar volatility patterns regardless of ESG scores, nudging doubt on the direct impact of ESG on volatility. Additionally, both high- and low-ESG-scored companies displayed high vulnerabilities during the pandemic, raising questions about the effectiveness of ESG frameworks in capturing risks. Finally, by examining the resilience behavior of ESG-scored companies during the pandemic, our study contributes to the evolving understanding of the intersection between ESG performance and crisis response.

The study carries vital implications for investors and policymakers. It highlights the urgent need to strengthen the ESG framework and scores to shield investors from short- and long-term volatilities and economic vulnerabilities.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study investigating the Indian market by examining the volatility structure and resilience behavior of high- and low-ESG-scored companies during the pandemic.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0113

The purpose of the paper is to examine the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) succession on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance and whether the characteristics of the incoming CEO, in terms of both gender and career horizon, are able to affect the relationship between CEO succession and ESG score.

The paper investigates a sample of European-listed companies between 2010 and 2021. Difference-in-difference and fixed-effects regressions are employed as the base empirical methodology. In addition, the robustness of the empirical findings is assessed by employing alternative methodologies and a different ESG proxy.

The empirical findings show the existence of a positive link between CEO succession and ESG performance and that this relationship is affected by two characteristics of the incoming CEO. Specifically, the empirical evidence indicates that the positive effect is magnified by the gender and the career horizon of the incoming CEO.

Considering the lack of research, this paper is the first one that opens a debate about the effects of CEO succession on corporate ESG performance in several European countries. By employing a unique sample of European listed firms, which has never been examined in other empirical research, this study highlights the importance of the demographic features of the incoming CEOs that should be taken into consideration during their selection process.

This study aims to contribute to the academic disciplines of entrepreneurship and management by developing a new theory that explains Founder-CEOs’ succession in family and non-family firms. Many scholars failed to generate a specific theory to describe the succession of Founder-CEOs. Family firms remain complex enterprises comprising interconnectedness of cultural interests in which corporate governance occurs by families, Founder-CEOs and sometimes a board of directors.

This study’s design/methodology/approach reflects post-modernist epistemological and ontological perspectives for conducting systematic literature reviews. To identify relevant studies in the review, the several databases (Australian Business Dean’s Council Journal Quality List; EBSCO Database, including PsycINFO and Psych studies; Web of Science) and a mix of ranked journals from entrepreneurship, management and psychology were used.

The findings and results in this paper reflect the purpose, methodology and literature analysis culminating in 1,582 peer-reviewed studies. A total of 182 peer-reviewed studies met the criterion for review. Throughout the research process, a systematic literature review uncovered management literature gaps overlooked for decades during the theory-building process. Hence, developing a theory of Founder-CEOs succession used a combination of systematic, inductive, comparative and interactive approaches.

A Theory of Founder-CEOs Succession explains the strategic process of replacing a founder systematically. The promotion of, and incentives for, internal executives have been topics of great interest and deliberation among scholars and practitioners for a long time. This study contributes research implications for theory building in the academic disciplines of entrepreneurship and management by offering scholars and practitioners a theory that does not exist to describe Founder-CEOs’ succession encompassing both strategic successes and failures. By incorporating successes and failures, this study provides realistic reflections of Founder-CEOs.

This study aims to examine how environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance influences stock price volatility, with a specific focus on the moderating role of tax engagement.

ESG performance is measured by an ESG score calculated from the weighting of three dimensions: environmental, social and governance. Stock price volatility is measured by the degree of stock price variations over 12 months, based on the last 52 weeks’ prices. A sample of French-listed firms in the SBF120 is used, with 770 observations extracted from the 2012–2022 period. The feasible generalized least squares approach is used to eliminate endogeneity and multicollinearity problems.

The results show that the ESG score negatively impacts stock price volatility, with this impact being more significant in the social dimension than in the environmental and governance dimensions. In addition, the tax payment variable moderates the relationship and increases the effect of the ESG score on stock price volatility. These findings suggest that ESG practices and tax transparency are not only ethical elements but also key components for financial stability, promoting the high-quality development of listed firms.

This study is significant for firms, regulators, policymakers and investors. Overall, it underscores the importance of firms adopting ESG activities and engaging in tax management to mitigate risks and maintain viability in the contemporary business environment.

This study provides new empirical evidence regarding the factors driving corporate stock price volatility. In addition, it offers pertinent policy recommendations for businesses and governments regarding the significance of ESG investments.

This paper aims to examine the relationship between corporate COVID-19 disclosure (COVID_DISC) and stock price volatility (SPV) in Egypt.

The authors used the manual content analysis method to measure corporate COVID-19 disclosure in the narrative sections of annual reports. The authors use ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to examine the impact of corporate COVID-19 disclosure on stock price volatility using unique data from Egyptian-listed firms during COVID-19 pandemic over the period of 2020 to 2022. Propensity score matching method was adopted to mitigate the potential endogeneity issue.

This study reveals that corporate COVID-19 disclosure has a significant negative impact on stock price volatility, suggesting COVID-19 disclosure reduces stock price volatility. In addition, the results confirm that COVID-19 disclosure offers value relevant information to investors, which is consistent with the Egyptian Financial Supervisory Authority’s (EFSA) motivation in calling for more information on COVID-19 pandemic.

The findings of this study can help corporate managers and EFSA in enhancing corporate disclosure and transparency during future financial crises. Moreover, the findings offer valuable insights to investors, helping them gain a better understanding of the business environment during COVID-19 crisis.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first Egyptian empirical evidence that examines the relationship between corporate COVID-19 disclosure and stock price volatility.

Purpose: This study analyses how investments and specific financial factors affect the financial performance of businesses in Kosovo. Exploring the relationship between investments and financial performance and their impact on performance volatility, performance is assessed using return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) investments.

Methodology: Quantitative methods using secondary data from audited financial statements of Kosova manufacturing and commercial enterprises cover a 3-year period (2019–2021), involving 40 enterprises with 120 observations. Statistical tests such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, linear regression, Hausman–Taylor regression, fixed effects, random effects, and generalised estimating equations (GEE) model are applied. The study also utilises ARCH–GARCH analysis to assess the relationship between investments and performance volatility.

Findings: Investments positively impact the financial performance of Kosova businesses and significantly reduce performance volatility. Long-term liabilities, retained earnings, and short-term liabilities also play a role in reducing asset return volatility, while cash flow from financial activities increases it. Investments, cash flows from financial activities, long-term liabilities, short-term liabilities, retained earnings, and solvency affect equity return volatility.

Practical Implications: The study sheds light on how investments and financial factors influence the financial performance and volatility of Kosova businesses. Policymakers can use these insights to create policies that foster the development of commercial and manufacturing enterprises, given their importance in Kosovo’s economy.

Significance: This research provides valuable insights for business managers to enhance investment strategies and improve financial performance. Policymakers can rely on this academic study to enhance the economic environment and promote the growth of businesses in Kosovo.

The ownership structure in Japanese firms has experienced a significant change recently, fueled primarily by regulatory changes. This has important repercussions on corporate performance and risk. This paper examines the impact of insider ownership on the default risk of Japanese firms.

We collected data from the Nikkei Corporate Governance Evaluation System (CGES) database for the period 2004–2019. Our final dataset yields 36,116 firm-year observations. We apply a firm fixed effect model for baseline regression. Endogeneity was checked by applying propensity score matching (PSM) and two-stage least squares (2SLS) techniques. Furthermore, the robustness of baseline regression results was checked using alternative estimation techniques.

Results show a significant positive influence of insider ownership on default risk. Furthermore, ROA volatility and stock price volatility appear to be the major channels through which insider ownership affects a firm’s default risk. We further document that external monitoring mechanisms, including traditional main bank ties, institutional ownership and analyst coverage, are the key risk-mitigating factors.

Our research deals with Japanese firms only. Future research may attempt to analyze the cases of emerging economies. Furthermore, future research might examine the ownership-default risk relationship for financial institutions to see if this relationship differs between financial and nonfinancial firms.

Insider ownership enhances the probability of default. Hence, policymakers may consider instituting a ceiling for insider ownership in Japanese firms. Moreover, we highlight various risk-mediating channels that would help policymakers adopt guidelines for mitigating corporate risk.

Our study is the first to investigate the effect of insider ownership on default risk in Japanese settings. Prior studies identified various determinants that affect firms’ default risk. Our study contributes to this stream of literature by examining the impact of insider ownership on default risk and extending the limited literature related to insider ownership.

This study aims to explore the impact of board gender diversity on firms’ forward-looking risk, as perceived by both the firm’s management and its investors. The authors seek to understand whether the presence of female directors and the consequent enhancement of board dynamics can influence a firm’s risk profile.

The authors use firms’ cash holdings and option implied volatility as proxies for future risk. The approach involves a rigorous analysis that accounts for potential concerns related to selection bias, endogeneity, heteroskedasticity and serial correlation. The authors further substantiate the findings through robustness checks, including a dynamic panel system general method of moment test and a Heckman correction model.

The results reveal an inverse relationship between board gender diversity and firms’ expected risk. The findings suggest that the primary driver of this risk reduction is the improvement in the group dynamics of the board that comes with increased gender diversity. This implies that gender diverse boards can significantly influence a firm’s risk management and financial performance.

The results indicate that gender diverse firms have economically and statistically significantly less expected risk and have better financial performance than firms with less board gender diversity. This has important implications for the organization of corporate boards.

If the addition of female directors alters the risk aversion of the board, then management may be compelled to alter their investment and production decisions that, ultimately, affects firms’ profitability. In addition, the authors investigate whether changes to firm risk is due to gender differences in risk preferences or to an improvement in the group dynamics of the board.

The empirical results suggest that the effect of board gender diversity on firms’ expected risk and financial performance may be due to an improvement in the collective intelligence of the board, as a result of more gender diversity, and not due to gender differences in risk preferences.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first to study the effect of board gender diversity on firms’ future risk.

This study examines the relationship between oil price uncertainty (OPU) and corporate inventory investments using a sample of 6,072 USA manufacturing firms from 1992 to 2019.

The author's study employs a panel dataset to examine the relationship between OPU and corporate inventory investments. The author uses several alternative specifications such as fixed effects models, an instrumental variable analysis, an impact threshold for confounding variable (ITCV) analysis, alternative measures, additional control variables and the percent bias analysis to account for endogeneity issues.

Corporate inventory investments decrease in response to high OPU. This decrease in inventory investments happens regardless of firms' expected stockout costs, information environment and reliance on external financing. As a potential mechanism, an uncertainty-induced increase in cash holdings contributes to this reduction in inventory investments. Also, the effect of OPU is non-linear and asymmetric. In response to the volatility of positive (negative) oil price changes, inventory investments decrease (increase) up to a certain point and increase (decrease) after that. Further, uncertainty-induced adjustments in inventory investments positively influence the operating performance of firms.

The author's study adds to the growing literature that examines the impact of OPU on corporate outcomes. Inventory investments directly affect business operations and could better reflect firms' responses to an uncertain environment.

This study aims to show the difference between the two types of oil price volatility resulting from either increases or decreases in oil prices and find evidence of the differential effect of oil price volatility on firms' environmental initiatives.

This paper examines how volatility in crude oil prices affect corporate environmental responsibility among US firms (excluding oil and gas producers) between 2002 and 2020, with a particular focus on the differential impact of oil price volatility.

The authors find that a one standard deviation increase in oil volatility resulting from positive changes in oil prices corresponds to a 12.7% decrease in environmental score, while the same increase in volatility from negative changes in oil prices leads to a 5.5% decrease in environmental score. Financial constraints are identified as a potential channel through which oil price volatility influences environmental activities. Specifically, a one standard deviation increase in oil volatility from positive price changes leads to an 18% decrease in environmental score for firms with high financial constraints, compared to an 8% decrease for firms with low financial constraints.

This study builds on the research of Phan et al. (2021) and Maghyereh and Abdoh (2020). Pan et al. reveal a negative association between oil price uncertainty and corporate social responsibility in the oil and gas sector, yet they overlook 1) the asymmetric impacts of oil price changes and sectoral disparities. Moreover, 2) their inclusion of a year-fixed effect undermines their findings’ reliability, as the oil price volatility variable remains constant across all firm-year observations, and including a year-fixed effect diminishes its explanatory power.