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The purpose of this paper is to use the waste materials in soil stabilization and low traffic volume roads so as to minimize the cost of subgrades for road construction along with solving disposal problems of waste materials thus protecting the environment.

An extensive laboratory study has been carried out on various samples of soil alone and along with waste materials such as municipal solid waste incineration ash and marble dust by adding cement to evaluate their effect on geotechnical characteristics of clayey soils.

The experimental study revealed that mixture of soil:Municipal solid waste incineration ash (MSWIA):Cement and soil:Marble dust (MD):Cement can be successfully used for the construction of low traffic volume roads. The differential free swell of the clayey soil is nil on adding MSWIA: cement and MD: cement to clayey soil in optimum amounts.

The research needs further experimentation on combining both MSWIA and MD together to stabilize clayey soil.

The research can be successfully used by government agencies in subgrades of low traffic roads.

The utilization of waste materials in the study solved the disposal problem of both waste materials, thus protecting the environment and giving quality living standards to people.

The use of MSWIA along with cement and use of MD along with cement for evaluating geotechnical properties has not been studied in the past. The present study is focussed on the use of both these materials along with cement in soil stabilization.

The case aims to deal with multigenerational entrepreneurship. The family business of sports goods was initiated by Yashpal Aggarwal and his friends in the 1950s. Yashpal acquired the art of doing business and started initially with trading of sporting goods in Mumbai. Yashpal had three sons, Ashok, Ashwini and Rajesh, who ventured into sports trading business as well. After the demise of Yashpal, Ashok shifted to Jalandhar and started a manufacturing unit, producing roller skates. Ashwini, being entrepreneurial and innovative, had always desired to professionalise the business and hence started with Okini Sports. Okini Sports emerged as the first organised professional sports mall in India.

Based on case research, individual interviews at different levels, testing the case several times and filling the case gaps during the process to authenticate information, multiple sources of information have been used.

Businesses largely compete on the basis of available talent, competency and capability. Family businesses must be open to induct competent people within the family with the required skills to lead the company. If a family nurtures a member with requisite skills, values, to keep shareholders, key customers, and suppliers loyal to the business, then family leadership is the best option. As the business grows in dimension, differential capabilities are required to run the business competitively, hence, inducting talented individuals as professionals is a better option. A family must be realistic about the talents available internally.

This case is restricted to sports family business entrepreneurship in the context of India, but has a great learning towards multigenerational entrepreneurship.

The case is original with the family in its fourth generation, the youngest looking to diversify and professionalize the business, set his family dreams of setting up the biggest sports mall in India.

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of shock boundary layer interaction (SBLI) in air-breathing intake system is highly undesirable since this leads to high pressure gradients, typical stream mutilation and pressure drop. A novel flow control mechanism is incorporated in this research holding an array configuration of passive flow control device (micro ramps [MR]) that is adapted to improve the boundary layer stability.

Two geometric variants of the MR, namely, MR40 and MR80 is considered which reduce the pressure drop during SBLI. The incidence oblique shock wave angle of 34° is considered for the modelling. Large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model was used with subgrid models of Wall modelled LES, Smagorinsky–Lilly to compute the unsteady effects of SBLI control using micro vortex generators. The unsteady results are compared with steady Reynold’s average Naviers–Stoke’s equation for calibrating the turbulence models.

The array configuration of MR80 reduces the pressure drop by 22% as compared with no ramp configuration and also reduces the flow distortion in hypersonic inlet. The most affected region of the MR is in the vicinity of center-line. Quantitative results prove that the upstream influence of the shock waves has been largely reduces by MR80 array configuration as compared to single MR80 pattern configuration. Different vortex structures found in the experiments was exclusively predicted using LES.

This paper substantiates the requirement of MR array configuration for transferring the momentum from free stream to the boundary layer and thereby energizing the boundary layer. This process of energization delays the flow separation in hypersonic flow.

In this research work, the general form of reliability measures, which include availability, mean time to failure (MTTF), and sensitivity analysis, are investigated with their graphical representation, which would help designers and engineers improve the reliability of the system. Along with reliability assessment, a mathematical model is developed and solved to achieve the minimum cost of the system as well as maximum reliability.

In the proposed work, a general model of a solar seed sowing machine is considered for reliability evaluation using the Markov model process. The proposed system is a series-parallel arrangement of components where three components, namely the solar panel, batteries and direct current (DC) motor, are connected in series while all the operators are connected in parallel. The implemented Markov model approach assesses several parameters of reliability, which opens the scope for improvement in reliability and other measures like mean time to failure (MTTF) and sensitivity of the proposed system. So that the machine can deliver the desired output on the field. Also, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to optimize the cost of the system with the desired level of reliability.

Implementation of PSO provides the optimal cost for the proposed system with a predetermined level of reliability, which shows the relationship between reliability and cost of the system. Also, the Markov process approach provides the availability function, reliability function, reliability at different time values, MTTF and sensitivity of the proposed system.

This work evaluates the crucial characteristics of reliability for the proposed solar seed sowing machine using the Markov model which is a stochastic model. The assessment of reliability measures such as MTTF, availability and sensitivity plays a vital role in measuring and improving the performance of the machine in the actual environment. Examining the data obtained in this research is of great importance for the manufactures and system designers. Also, the powerful optimization technique PSO is implemented to solve a non-linear mixed-integer programming problem that provides the optimal cost for the system with desired reliability.

Currently, waste is regarded as a symptom of inefficiency. The generation of waste is a human activity, not a natural one. Currently, landfilling and incinerating wastes are common waste management techniques; but the use of these methods, in addition to wasting raw materials, causes damage to the environment, water, soil, and air. In the new concept of “Zero Waste” (ZW), waste is considered a valuable resource. A vital component of the methodology includes creating and managing items and procedures that limit the waste volume and toxicity and preserve and recover all resources rather than burning or burying them. With ZW, the end of one product becomes the beginning of another, unlike a linear system where waste is generated from product consumption. A scientific treatment technique, resource recovery, and reverse logistics may enable the waste from one product to become raw material for another, regardless of whether it is municipal, industrial, agricultural, biomedical, construction, or demolition. This chapter discusses the concept of zero landfills and zero waste and related initiatives and ideas; it also looks at potential obstacles to put the ZW concept into reality. Several methods are presented to investigate and evaluate efficient resource utilization for maximum recycling efficiency, economic improvement through resource minimization, and mandatory refuse collection. One of the most practical and used approaches is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, which is based on green engineering and the cradle-to-cradle principle; the LCA technique is used in most current research, allowing for a complete investigation of possible environmental repercussions. This approach considers the entire life cycle of a product, including the origin of raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, usage, and final disposal, or recycling. Using a life cycle perspective, all stakeholders (product designers, service providers, political and legislative agencies, and consumers) may make environmentally sound and long-term decisions.

This chapter aims to analyse the evolution of research in the Indian tourism and hospitality domain from 1976 to 2021. By employing the bibliometric and systematic literature review, the chapter highlights the prominent authors, institutions, methods, emerging and explored research themes in the tourism and hospitality field. Accordingly, the authors collected 458 articles from core tourism and hospitality related journals using PRISMA and evaluated them using VOSViewer. The findings revealed an emic perspective of research contribution in Indian tourism and hospitality. While some topics such as religious tourism, sustainability, cultural and heritage tourism products have attained more attention, topics such as tourism entrepreneurship, technology and human resource development failed to seek attention in the eyes of journals and researchers. Although the literature has expanded significantly, there is a need to build global academic networks to examine the state of Indian tourism and hospitality. The chapters suggest that future research should critically evaluate the schemes and initiatives undertaken by the government to promote Indian tourism, expand research to western and eastern parts of the country, and follow the mixed-method research to contribute holistically to the topic.

This study focuses on Aaker's Brand Equity Model, to check the effect of brand equity determinants on booking intention (BI) for ridesharing in India. The study also explores the moderation of ecologically conscious consumer behavior (ECCB) on the multiplicative effect of brand awareness (BAw), brand association (BA) and perceived quality (PQ) in influencing the BI.

Responses from 393 Indian ridesharing users were collected using judgmental sampling and were analyzed using Hayes Process macro.

The study found a direct relationship between BAw and BI, BAw and BA, BAw and PQ, BA and PQ, PQ and BI, and BA and BI. Findings revealed mediation of BA in BAw and BI relationship and PQ in BAw and BI relationship. Results revealed that BA and PQ serially mediate BAw and BI relationship. ECCB moderates PQ and BI relationship but not BAw and BI relationship.

Serial mediation and moderated-mediation results draw various theoretical implications for determinants of Aaker's Brand Equity model and ECCB.

The research has several implications for managers in view of brand equity determinants and ECCB. The study also contributes to policy implications.

Study's novel contributions are mediation, serial mediation between brand equity determinants, and moderation of ECCB between BAw and BI for ridesharing.

The purpose of this paper is to review Lean Six Sigma (LSS) literature and report different definitions, demographics, methodologies and industries.

This paper highlights various definitions by different researchers and practitioners. A total of 235 research papers has been reviewed for the LSS theme, research methodology adopted, type of industry, author profile, country of research and year of publication.

From the review, four significant LSS classifications were identified that deal with the spread of LSS in different industries followed by observation for classification.

LSS is a strategy for success, but it did not examine its presence in various Industries. From this paper, readers can understand the quantum of its spread before implementing LSS. For academicians, it will be a comprehensive list of papers for research.

This paper reviews 235 research papers for their year, author profile, research methodology and type of industry. Various characteristics of LSS definitions and their theme are also reviewed.

In present context of globalization, maintenance of production systems is very important. Many of the organizations are facing a lot of problems in maintenance management. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to identify the main barriers in maintenance management and to rank them for effective maintenance strategies.

To rank the main barriers in maintenance management, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution is used. For giving score to different factors a team of three experts was made. All experts were having more than ten years of experience in area of maintenance management.

Lack of top management support, lack of measurement of overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and lack of strategic planning and implementation have emerged as top three barriers in implementation of maintenance systems in industries.

Findings imply that for successful maintenance, top management should be very supportive for taking different initiatives, training programmes, etc. Organizations should try to improve overall performance of machines known as OEE rather than only machines productivity.

These findings will be highly useful for professionals from manufacturing sector in implementing effective maintenance management system.