Prelims
Water Management and Sustainability in Asia
ISBN: 978-1-80071-115-0, eISBN: 978-1-80071-114-3
ISSN: 2040-7262
Publication date: 12 July 2021
Citation
(2021), "Prelims", Alias, N.E., Haniffah, M.R.M. and Harun, S. (Ed.) Water Management and Sustainability in Asia (Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management, Vol. 23), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. i-xxvii. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220210000023001
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited
Half Title Page
WATER MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY IN ASIA
Title Page
COMMUNITY, ENVIRONMENT AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT VOLUME 23
WATER MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY IN ASIA
EDITED BY
NOR ELIZA ALIAS
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
MOHD RIDZA MOHD HANIFFAH
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
and
SOBRI HARUN
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China
Copyright Page
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ISBN: 978-1-80071-115-0 (Print)
ISBN: 978-1-80071-114-3 (Online)
ISBN: 978-1-80071-116-7 (Epub)
ISSN: 2040-7262 (Series)
Contents
| List of Tables and Figures | ix |
| Authors’ Biography | xv |
| Preface | xxvii |
| A. FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT | |
| Chapter 1: The Impact of Flood Hazard on Residential Property Price | |
| Muhammad Najib Razali, Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain and Zakri Tarmidi | 3 |
| Chapter 2: Micro-scale Flood Damage and Risk Assessments: A Case Study in Kelantan, Malaysia | |
| B. M. Rehan and F. Zakaria | 13 |
| Chapter 3: Quantitative Assessment of Flood Vulnerability in Malaysia | |
| Daniel Liew Yu Chuan and Faizah Che Ros | 25 |
| Chapter 4: Dam Break Flood Mapping Analysis and Impact Assessment | |
| Rahsidi Sabri Muda, Ainul Bahiah Mohd Khidzir and Mohamad Faiq Md Amin | 33 |
| Chapter 5: Flood Hydrograph as a Functional Data | |
| Shariffah Suhaila Syed Jamaludin | 45 |
| Chapter 6: Infiltrated Sustainable Urban Drainage System for Storm Water Control | |
| Zulkiflee Ibrahim, Abu Bakar Fadzil, Amat Sairin Demun, Mazlin Jumain, Md Ridzuan Makhtar, Noraliani Alias, Nurfarhain Mohamed Rusli and Fenny Baseng | 53 |
| B. HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRAULIC MODELLING | |
| Chapter 7: Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on the Streamflow of Langat River Basin | |
| Ummi Hani Mahamad Anuar and Nor Eliza Alias | 65 |
| Chapter 8: SWMM Modelling of Automated Hydraulic Flushing Gate as a Flow Control Structure | |
| Geok Teng Leong, Charles Hin Joo Bong, Fang Yenn Teo and Aminuddin Ab. Ghani | 77 |
| Chapter 9: Cuckoo Search Optimisation Neural Networks for Runoff Simulation in a Equatorial Rural Watershed | |
| Kuok King Kuok, Chiu Po Chan and Sobri Harun | 87 |
| Chapter 10: The Time of Concentration and River Physical Geometry Relationship | |
| Abd Jalil Hassan, Sobri Harun and Tarmizi Ismail | 99 |
| C. WATER RESOURCES | |
| Chapter 11: Irrigation Management Transfer’s Role in the Performance of Irrigation Systems in Davao del Sur, Philippines | |
| Amie Lou Cisneros | 111 |
| Chapter 12: Simulating Rainwater Harvesting System Performance for a Campus University in Malaysia | |
| Chuan Yuen Wong, Fang Yenn Teo, Boon Hoe Goh and Yau Seng Mah | 125 |
| Chapter 13: Understanding the Water Consumption Patterns in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) for Water Conservation | |
| Wei Lun Ang and Norzaidaltul Azmira Mansor | 133 |
| Chapter 14: A Review of Managing Water Resources in Malaysia with Big Data Approaches | |
| Ryan Cheah Wei Jie, Cha Yao Tan, Fang Yenn Teo, Boon Hoe Goh and Yau Seng Mah | 141 |
| D. INFILTRATION AND SEDIMENT | |
| Chapter 15: Laboratory Investigation of Non-aqueous Phase Liquids Migration in Double-Porosity Kaolin Soil | |
| Loke Kok Foong, Ramli Nazir, Radzuan Sa’ari, Mohd Zamri Ramli, Mohd Ridza Mohd Haniffah, Erwan Hafizi Kasiman and Noraliani Alias | 151 |
| Chapter 16: Light Non-aqueous Phase Liquid Penetrations in Multi-porosity Soil | |
| Mohd Fadhli Abd Rashid, Noraliani Alias, Kamarudin Ahmad, Radzuan Sa’ari, Frank Tsung-Chen Tsai, Mohd Zamri Ramli and Zulkiflee Ibrahim | 161 |
| Chapter 17: Tracing Non-point Source Sediment Using Environmental Forensic Approach: Case Study in Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia | |
| Dhinesh Sugumaran, Kogila Vani Annammala, Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff, Zulkifli Yusop, Nur Athirah Mohamad and Anand Nainar | 173 |
| Index | 187 |
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
| Chapter 1 | ||
| Table 1.1 | Coefficient from Models for Sub-urban and Village Areas: 2014–2018 | 10 |
| Chapter 2 | ||
| Table 2.1 | Damage Factor per Unit of Household/Establishment (DID, 2012) | 16 |
| Table 2.2 | Mean Values (DID, 2012) | 16 |
| Table 2.3 | Density of Houses Distributed on Ground Elevations | 19 |
| Table 2.4 | Discrete Calculations of PWD and EAD | 21 |
| Table 2.5 | Summary of EAD for Strata and Non-strata Type of Buildings at Different Flood Durations | 21 |
| Chapter 3 | ||
| Table 3.1 | Selected Indicators for Flood Vulnerability | 27 |
| Table 3.2 | Flood Vulnerability Classification | 30 |
| Table 3.3 | Decomposition of Flood Vulnerability According to Factors | 30 |
| Table 3.4 | Classification Matrix of Relative Vulnerability | 31 |
| Chapter 4 | ||
| Table 4.1 | Risk Classification for DPA | 40 |
| Table 4.2 | Affected Key Location Under Scenario SAB Dam PMF Failure | 41 |
| Chapter 6 | ||
| Table 6.1 | Initial Flow Condition in the Drainage System without Drain Spacing | 58 |
| Chapter 8 | ||
| Table 8.1 | Modelling Parameters for Kampung Tunku’s SWMM Model | 81 |
| Table 8.2 | Potential Flood Nodes and Details of Proposed Flow Control Structure at Scenario 2 | 82 |
| Table 8.3 | Summary of Total Flow Reduction at Potential Flood Node | 84 |
| Table 8.4 | Summary of the Depths of Water Behind Flow Control Structure | 85 |
| Chapter 9 | ||
| Table 9.1 | Validation Results for Different Models of CSONN | 94 |
| Table 9.2 | Validation Results of CSONN Based on Different n | 94 |
| Table 9.3 | Validation Results of CSONN Based on Different
|
95 |
| Table 9.4 | Validation Results of CSONN Based on Different HNs | 95 |
| Table 9.5 | Validation Results of CSONN with Various INs | 96 |
| Table 9.6 | Validation Results of CSONN with Various LRs | 96 |
| Chapter 10 | ||
| Table 10.1 | Time of Concentration Formulas (Minutes) | 100 |
| Table 10.2 | Summary of Channel Gradient for Sg Relai | 105 |
| Table 10.3 | Time to Peak | 107 |
| Chapter 12 | ||
| Table 12.1 | Average Payback Period | 130 |
| Chapter 15 | ||
| Table 15.1 | Migration Flow Rate for Every 50-mm Column Circumference | 159 |
| Chapter 16 | ||
| Table 16.1 | Laterite Soil Properties | 165 |
| Chapter 17 | ||
| Table 17.1 | The Summary of the Box Plot Result Based on Each Selected Fingerprint | 180 |
Figures
| Chapter 1 | ||
| Fig. 1.1 | Housing Transaction Volume in Langat River Sub-urban Area | 7 |
| Fig. 1.2 | Housing Transaction Volume in Langat River Village Area | 8 |
| Fig. 1.3 | Monthly Price Difference of Non-flood Low Houses versus Flood Low Houses for Sub-urban and Village Areas | 8 |
| Chapter 2 | ||
| Fig. 2.1 | The Methodology to Form Vulnerability Curve in the Form of Stage–Damage Relationship | 15 |
| Fig. 2.2 | Example of an Image of a Residential Building at the Study Area. Captured using Google Earth. | 18 |
| Fig. 2.3 | Depth–Damage Relationship | 18 |
| Fig. 2.4 | Maximum Water Depth–Damage Curve, Extracted From Stage–Damage Relationship, of Kampung Pak Nik Ya and Kampung Kubang Pasu From the Study | 19 |
| Fig. 2.5 | Probability–Damage Curve (a) for Strata and (b) Non-Strata Types of Buildings at Flood Duration 1, 2 and 5 Days | 20 |
| Chapter 4 | ||
| Fig. 4.1 | Research Methodology Flow Chart | 37 |
| Fig. 4.2 | Mapping Layer Ordering | 38 |
| Fig. 4.3 | (a) UAV Image and (b) UAV Image Overlaid with Google Earth Satellite Image | 39 |
| Fig. 4.4 | 100 m × 100 m Grid Cell Reference System | 39 |
| Fig. 4.5 | (a) Flood Depth Map and (b) Flood Velocity Map | 42 |
| Fig. 4.6 | Percentage Buildings under Flood Severity | 43 |
| Fig. 4.7 | Map of Flood Depth Velocity Severity Zone | 43 |
| Chapter 5 | ||
| Fig. 5.1 | Fourier Smoothing Location Curves | 49 |
| Fig. 5.2 | Mapping of the Scores of the First Two Principal Components | 50 |
| Fig. 5.3 | Rainbow Plots of the Flow Curves for Years 1980–2014 Using (a) The Bivariate Score Depth and (b) Kernel Density Estimate | 50 |
| Fig. 5.4 | (a) Bivariate Score HDR Box Plot and the Corresponding (b) Functional HDR Box Plot with 99% of Probability Coverage | 51 |
| Chapter 6 | ||
| Fig. 6.1 | Experimental Set-up of Drainage Model | 56 |
| Fig. 6.2 | Spacing, s, Between Precast Drain Sections | 56 |
| Fig. 6.3 | Spacing Between Precast Drain Sections (Shown in the Box) Along the Drainage System | 57 |
| Fig. 6.4 | Distribution of Qinf/Qtotal in the Drainage System | 58 |
| Fig. 6.5 | Variation of Flow Depth H in the Drainage System for Different s/d on Drain Slope So: (a) 0.17%, (b) 0.20%, (c) 0.25% and (d) 0.33% | 59 |
| Fig. 6.6 | U/Uo Profiles Along the Drainage System for Different s/d on Drain Slope So: (a) 0.17%, (b) 0.20%, (c) 0.25% and (d) 0.33% | 60 |
| Chapter 7 | ||
| Fig. 7.1 | Study Area, Langat River Basin and Location of Observed/Projected GCM Hydrological Stations | 67 |
| Fig. 7.2 | Statistical Bias Correction Applied to Sample Observed Dataset. (a) Simulated and Observed Histogram of Maximum 1-hour Rainfall Fitted With GEV Distribution; (b) CDFs Obtained from the Fitted Probability Density Functions in (a); (c) Transfer Function Derived from (b) By Solving CDFobs (y) = CDFsim (x); and (d) CDF of Bias-corrected GCM Superimposed onto (b) | 69 |
| Fig. 7.3 | User Interface of RRI-GUI | 70 |
| Fig. 7.4 | Plot of (a) Width and (b) Depth against Upstream Area to Obtain the Cw, Sw, Cd and Sd Parameters | 70 |
| Fig. 7.5 | Comparison of Observed, Raw GCM and Corrected GCM of Annual Maximum 1-day Rainfall for (a) GCM 1, (b) GCM 2 and (c) GCM 3. Dashed Grey Lines are Observations, Solid Grey Lines are Raw GCM Simulations and Black Lines are Corrected GCM Simulations. | 72 |
| Fig. 7.6 | Comparison of Raw GCM and Corrected GCM Annual Maximum 1-day Rainfall for Future Period (2075–2099), (a) GCM 1, (b) GCM 2 and (c) GCM 3. Dashed Grey Lines are Raw GCM Simulations and Black Lines are Corrected GCM Simulations. | 73 |
| Fig. 7.7 | Comparison Between Simulated Streamflow and Observed Streamflow During (a) Calibration and (b) Validation. Dashed Grey Lines are Observation and Black Lines are Simulated Streamflow. | 74 |
| Fig. 7.8 | The Simulated Future Discharge at the Langat River Basin | 74 |
| Chapter 8 | ||
| Fig. 8.1 | Views of the Automated Tipping Flush Gate with Control System Model: (a) Front View and (b) Rear View | 79 |
| Fig. 8.2 | Flash Flood in Kampung Tunku in January 2015 | 80 |
| Fig. 8.3 | Field Observation on Drain Performance: (a) Bottleneck, (b) Sedimentation and (c) Vegetation Growth | 80 |
| Fig. 8.4 | Sub-catchment Areas for Kampung Tunku | 81 |
| Fig. 8.5 | Location of Junctions, Outfall and Flow Control Structures | 82 |
| Fig. 8.6 | Location Flow Control Structures in the SWMM Model for Scenario 2 | 83 |
| Fig. 8.7 | Flow at Outlet Node O1 for 10-year ARI without the Flow Control Structure | 83 |
| Fig. 8.8 | Flow at Outlet Node O1 for 10-year ARI with the Flow Control Structure | 84 |
| Fig. 8.9 | Water Level Store behind the Flow Control Structure, F1, for 10-year ARI | 85 |
| Chapter 9 | ||
| Fig. 9.1 | Locality Map of Bedup River Basin, Sadong Subbasin, Sarawak | 92 |
| Chapter 10 | ||
| Fig. 10.1 | Location of Sg Relai and Sg Lebir | 102 |
| Fig. 10.2 | Sg Relai River System (Left) and DTM for Sg Relai (Right) | 103 |
| Fig. 10.3 | DTM for Sg Relai from IFSAR | 103 |
| Fig. 10.4 | The Hydrodynamic Model of Sg Relai with Sub-catchment and River Cross Sections | 104 |
| Fig. 10.5 | Longitudinal Section of Sg Relai | 105 |
| Fig. 10.6 | Comparison of Flood Hydrograph between Inbank and Outbank Models for 2–10 ARI | 106 |
| Fig. 10.7 | Comparison of Flood Hydrograph between Inbank and Outbank Models for 20–100 ARI | 106 |
| Chapter 11 | ||
| Fig. 11.1 | CISs Cropping Intensities (%) (2012–2016) | 113 |
| Fig. 11.2 | Padada RIS Cropping Intensities (%) (2011, 2013–2016) | 115 |
| Fig. 11.3 | CIS’s Production (cav./ha) | 115 |
| Fig. 11.4 | Padada RIS’ Production (cav./ha) | 116 |
| Fig. 11.5 | IA Functionality Ratings for CISs | 117 |
| Fig. 11.6 | IA Functionality Ratings for Padada RIS | 117 |
| Chapter 12 | ||
| Fig. 12.1 | Precipitate and Collectable Rainwater by Month in Year 2016 | 128 |
| Fig. 12.2 | Collectable Rainwater and Demand for Parts 1 and 3 | 128 |
| Fig. 12.3 | Collectable Rainwater and Demand for Part 2 | 129 |
| Fig. 12.4 | YBS Model of 5-m3 Storage Tank in Parts 1 and 3 | 129 |
| Fig. 12.5 | YAS Model of 5-m3 Storage Tanks in Parts 1 and 3 | 130 |
| Chapter 13 | ||
| Fig. 13.1 | Daily Water Consumption per Capita of Residential Colleges in UKM | 136 |
| Fig. 13.2 | Average Total Water Consumption Per Day in KPZ from November 2018 to May 2019 | 137 |
| Fig. 13.3 | MNF Data for Each Residential Colleges in UKM | 138 |
| Chapter 15 | ||
| Fig. 15.1 | 3D Vibration Table Set-up (Loke et al., 2017) | 154 |
| Fig. 15.2 | Fracture and Intact Soil Samples | 154 |
| Fig. 15.3 | 3D Schematic of the Image Acquisition Experiment Set-up | 155 |
| Fig. 15.4 | NAPL Migrated Soil Surface with Measurement of Actual Column Circumference Zone for Samples 1 and 2 | 156 |
| Fig. 15.5 | HSI Contour Plots of Downward NAPL Migration for Samples 1 and 2 | 157 |
| Fig. 15.6 | Measured Values of NAPL Migration Depth as a Function of Column Circumference for Selected Critical Time Interval in Fracture Soil Sample 1 | 158 |
| Fig. 15.7 | Measured Values of NAPL Migration Depth as a Function of Column Circumference for Selected Critical Time Interval in Intact Soil Sample 2 | 159 |
| Chapter 16 | ||
| Fig. 16.1 | Preparation of Soil Sample | 164 |
| Fig. 16.2 | Digital Image Experimental Set-up | 164 |
| Fig. 16.3 | Control Points for Each Reference | 165 |
| Fig. 16.4 | SEM Image for 180-, 1,000- and 3,000-Fold Magnifications | 166 |
| Fig. 16.5 | HSI Plots on Aggregated Laterite Soil with 25% Moisture Content With/Without Vibration | 167 |
| Fig. 16.6 | HSI Plots on Aggregated Laterite Soil with 30% Moisture Content with/without Vibration | 168 |
| Fig. 16.7 | LNAPL Penetration Graph Varies with Different Moisture Content and with/without Vibration | 169 |
| Chapter 17 | ||
| Fig. 17.1 | Basin Map of Galas Catchment, Kelantan | 175 |
| Fig. 17.2a | The Box Plot of Earth Crust Elements of (i) Manganese, (ii) Calcium, (iii) Vanadium, (iv) Strontium, (v) Zinc and (vi) Chromium with Boxes in Red Representing the Range of Reference Value | 178 |
| Fig. 17.2b | The Box Plot of Rare Earth Elements of (i) Dysprosium, (ii) Hafnium, (iii) Gallium, (iv) Thorium, (v) Lead and (vi) Yttrium with Boxes in Red Representing the Range of Reference Value | 179 |
| Fig. 17.3 | Canonical Scores for Elements from all the Sources as Selected by DFA to Distinguish Sediment Sources From Different Land Uses | 181 |
| Fig. 17.4 | Kelantan Land-Use Map for (a) Year 2010 and (b) Year 2013 | 182 |
Authors’ Biography
Kamarudin Ahmad is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Geotechnics and Transportation. He obtained his Bachelor of Science (Civil Engineering) from West Virginia University, USA. He pursued his study towards the Master of Science in Engineering (Civil) at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, and obtained his PhD (Civil Engineering) from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia with a thesis entitled ‘Soil Improvement by Electrokinetic Process’.
Nor Eliza Alias is a Senior Lecturer and a Research Fellow of the Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. She has been involved in national and international research and consultancies projects related to water security, flood risk management and climate change. She is an International Scientist related to water security includes under the JICA and JSPS ASIAN Core Programme, Japan, and the Global Challenges Research Fund, United Kingdom. She has also published high-impact technical papers on similar topics such as in the Flood Risk Management Journal.
Noraliani Alias obtained her BEng in Civil Engineering and MEng (Hydrology and Water Resources) degrees from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). She received her PhD from the Queensland University of Technology, Australia, in the field of urban water quality. At present, she is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, UTM.
Mohamad Faiq Md Amin is a Researcher in Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research Sdn. Bhd., Kajang, Malaysia. He holds BEng (Hons) in Chemical Engineering (UTP). He is members of Board of Engineers, Malaysia (JS115139) and Graduate Technologist of Malaysia Board of Technologist (GT20100807). He has involved in various dam-related studies mainly in dam disaster management, dam safety Emergency Response Plan (ERP), flow forecasting system and community engagement programme. As a researcher, he has co-authored numbers of technical papers in local and international journals and conference proceedings.
Wei Lun Ang is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. His research interests lie in the field of water process engineering and resource recovery in the wastewater treatment system. He mainly explores the physico-chemical water treatment processes, such as coagulation, adsorption, membrane filtration and electrochemical technologies. He also actively engages in various local and international research collaboration projects, developing novel materials and enhanced treatment process for wastewater reclamation. He has produced more than 35 high-impact journals from the research projects and authored four book chapters in water and wastewater treatment fields.
Kogila Vani Annammala is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia, and a fellow with the Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security, Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (IPASA) and in Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Centre (DPPC) in UTM, Malaysia. She is a Senior lecturer at UTM. She obtained her PhD from Universiti Malaysia Sabah in collaboration with Swansea and Plymouth University, UK. Her research directions are more towards erosion, sedimentation, environmental forensics and on the hydrological component of the environment, as well as on water chemistry and sediment geochemistry. Currently actively involved with research related to Disaster Risk and Management with the National Disaster Management Unit and JICA related programs. Also reviewers for several Journals such as in Journal of Water and Climate Change and Geological Journal.
Ummi Hani Mahamad Anuar graduated from Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia, and currently is a Master by research student. Her study focusses on climate change impact which includes the usage of general circulation model and hydrological modelling. The first paper regarding climate change impact is titled ‘Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on Flood: Case Study at Upper Sungai Segget Catchment’ has been published in a Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Water Resources, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Fenny Baseng is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. She obtained her BEng in Civil Engineering from UTM and completed her study in Foundation of Engineering at Universiti Teknologi MARA. Her major interest includes analysis of the efficient and eco-friendly urban drainage system. She is currently an Assistant Engineer (Earthwork and Roadwork) for Pan Borneo Highway Project WPC-02 in Sarawak.
Charles Hin Joo Bong is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. He obtained his PhD from Universiti Sains Malaysia with specialisation in Urban Drainage Management. His research focusses on sediment mitigation in urban drainage system and sediment transport. He is a member of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR).
Chiu Po Chan is with the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Malaysia. She is currently pursuing PhD degree in Computer Science from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. She received the MSc in Information Technology from the UNIMAS, in 2010. She was the Software Engineer at private companies for three years. Her research interests include artificial intelligence, optimisation and neural networks.
Daniel Liew Yu Chuan is a Senior Assistant Director at the River Basin Management Division, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia. He obtained his Bachelor of Civil Engineering and Master of Disaster Risk Management degrees from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. His area of interests are hydraulics and hydrology with specialisation in river basin modelling. His other research interests are flood risk management, urban storm water management and erosion and sediment control.
Amie Lou Cisneros is a civil engineer, materials engineer and environmental planner. She is the Program Head of Civil Engineering in Cor Jesu College, Digos City, Philippines, with a specialisation in water resources engineering (floods, river health and irrigation). She has also worked with local government units in Davao del Sur to develop studies to help fund their priority projects. She is the sole Philippine recipient of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers’ (JSCE) Study Tour Grant 2018. She presented research at the International Summer Symposium during the JSCE Annual Meeting held at Hokkaido University in 2018, with her stint in JSCE STG 2018. Furthermore, she was also a presenter in the UNESCO-JASTIP Joint Symposium on Intra-Regional Water Scarcity and Disaster Management, sponsored by the International Hydrologic Programme and Japan ASEAN Science Technology and Innovation Platform last 2017.
Amat Sairin Demun served as Senior Lecturer in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He was involved in research and teaching in the fields of hydraulics and fluid mechanics since 1988 before he retired from UTM in the end of 2020.
Abu Bakar Fadzil served as Senior Lecturer in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He was involved in research and teaching in the fields of hydraulics and fluid mechanics since 1988 before he retired from UTM in the end of 2020.
Loke Kok Foong has done a lot of research with WOS H Index 9 and published more than 60 ISI index papers. Currently, he is a Researcher at the Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Aminuddin Ab. Ghani is presently a Senior Professor of River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia. His main research interests are sediment transport, flood risk management and sustainable urban drainage system. He completed his doctoral study specialising in Sediment Transport at University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, England. He is an exco member for Sewer System and Processes Working Group under the auspices of International Water Association and International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research’s Joints Committee on Urban Drainage.
Boon Hoe Goh is an Associate Professor at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia. He is a Fellow of Higher Education Academy, UK. His interest in research includes civil and infrastructure, road safety, pavement, highway and transportation engineering.
Mohd Ridza Mohd Haniffah is a Senior Lecturer at School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia. His fields of research interest include hydro and hydrology engineering.
Sobri Harun is Professor in Water Resources Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. He received bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering from University of Salford, UK, and master’s in Engineering Hydrology from Imperial College London, UK. In 1999, he completed his PhD in Hydrology and Water Resources from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. He conducts lectures related to hydrology, water resources, urban storm water management, hydraulic structures and open-channel hydraulics. His research and publication mostly related to modelling in hydrology, river engineering, water resources and climate changes. His research works published in various index journal include ASCE Journal and Journal of Hydrology. He is panel member of Malaysian Quality Assurance Agency, member of IAHR and IAHS, guest editor to Journal of Water and Climate Change and editorial board to Malaysian Construction Research Journal. He was Chairman of International Conference on Water Resources that received support from UNESCO Jakarta and Department of Drainage and Irrigation Malaysia.
Abd Jalil Hassan is the Principal Consultant for River Care Associates Sdn. Bhd. He joined Department of Irrigation and Drainage in 1988 as River Engineer until 2003. He then worked as a Senior Researcher at National Hydraulic Research Institute from 2003 to 2007. He involved in many river and drainage modelling related to flood and water quality. In 2007, he joined Wallingford Software Sdn. Bhd. as a Technical Director, working in the water modelling industry until 2010, and River Care Associates Sdn. Bhd. involved in flood management, flood mitigation work, flood forecasting and warning system and drainage master plan. He had published two books. The book River and Flood Plain Modelling – A Practical Approach provides simple steps to develop river model using InfoWorks RS.
Zulkiflee Ibrahim is currently a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He received his BSc in Civil Engineering (BSCE) from the University of Miami, Florida, USA. He completed his MEng from the UTM in the fields of hydraulics and hydrology. Then, he pursued his doctorate in UTM and was awarded PhD (Civil Engineering). His research covers experimental and numerical modellings in compound channel hydraulics, innovation in sustainable urban drainage systems and morphodynamics of rivers.
Tarmizi Ismail is currently a Lecturer at the Department of Water and Environment, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He holds his PhD in Civil Engineering from UTM, completed his master’s degree in Water Resource Engineering from Colorado State University and an undergraduate degree in Civil Engineering from University of Alabama. He has been with the department since 1988. He has more than 20 years of teaching and research experiences in the field of hydrology and water resources. His special interests are in hydrology and water resources, climate variability and changes, flood design and urban drainage system. He has completed a few international and national research grants as a principal investigator and published more than 40 articles, as an author and a co-author, in indexed journals.
Shariffah Suhaila Syed Jamaludin is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. She began working at UTM in September 1997 after graduating with a bachelor’s degree (Statistics) from Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. She obtained her master’s degree in Statistics in 1999 and PhD in 2010 from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. She has published a total of 34 journal publications, 27 of which are indexed journals, 7 articles are non-indexed journals, and currently, the H-index is 13. A total of 27 proceedings have been published mainly in the AIP Conference proceedings. She’s got four original books. They were published by UTM Publisher, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka. The first book deals with teaching statistics for engineering students, the second and third books deal more with studies on rainfall analysis, while the last book is a statistical table.
Ryan Cheah Wei Jie was a student of Master of Engineering at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia. He is now practising as a Graduate Engineer in a consulting firm in Kuala Lumpur.
Mazlin Jumain is currently serving as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. She received her BEng in Civil Engineering and PhD (Civil Engineering) from the UTM. Her research focusses on the physical and numerical modelling of open channel flow.
Erwan Hafizi Kasiman is a Senior Lecturer at School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia. His fields of research interest in numerical for hydro and hydrology engineering.
Ainul Bahiah Mohd Khidzir is a Researcher in Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research Sdn. Bhd., Kajang, Malaysia. She holds MSc in Civil Engineering (UNITEN) and BEng (Hons) in Civil Engineering (UNITEN). She is members of Board of Engineers, Malaysia (G1104768A) and Graduate Technologist of Malaysia Board of Technologist (GT20060093). She has involved in various dam-related studies mainly in dam safety ERP, dam disaster management, dam disaster risk reduction, dam safety programmes and exercises. As a researcher, she has published numbers of technical papers in local and international journals and conference proceedings.
Kuok King Kuok is a Senior Lecturer at Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus (UNIMAS), Malaysia. He received his MEng from the UNIMAS in 2004 and PhD from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2010. He was the Field Engineer for Hydrological and Water Resources Branch, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Sarawak from 2002 to 2009, and Road, Civil and Structural Design Engineer at private companies for more than 10 years. His research interests include water resources, water supply, hydrology, artificial intelligence and building information modelling.
Geok Teng Leong is with the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. She received the Bachelor’s of Civil Engineering and MEng degrees in Civil Engineering from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak in 2017 and 2019, respectively. She also spent nine months during her postgraduate studies at River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), and three months student exchange at Shibaura University of Technology, Japan. Her research focusses on risk analysis in urban drainage management. She is currently working at Public Works Department, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan as a Civil and Structural Design Engineer.
Yau Seng Mah is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. His research interests are in water resources modelling that includes simulation of hydrological and hydraulic systems for river processes, man-made structures and urban drainage to support engineering design.
Md Ridzuan Makhtar is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He is an active and experienced technical staff in the Hydraulics and Hydrology Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering, UTM. He has been the key person in the planning and preparation of physical models in the laboratory since 2000. He also participated in field works for research and consulting activities in UTM.
Norzaidaltul Azmira Mansor is with the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia. She is a graduated engineer with Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. She served as a research engineer under the supervision of Dr Wei Lun Ang to study the water consumption patterns in the university.
Nur Athirah Mohamad is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. She obtained her BEng (Civil Engineering) from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn and Master in Engineering (Civil Engineering) from UTM. She is currently a PhD Researcher in the Department of Water and Environment Engineering at UTM focussing on soil erosion in disturbed forest and agricultural plantation.
Rahsidi Sabri Muda is a Principal Researcher in Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) Research Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. Currently, he is Unit Head for Civil Engineering and Geoinformatics. He started his career with TNB as Civil Engineer in 2000, and then since 2009, he continues his career as researcher. He holds MSc Civil Engineering (UK), MSc Building Technology (USM), BSc (Hons) Building Engineering and Construction (USM), BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering (UTM) and Dip. Civil Engineering (UTM). He is members of various professionals’ bodies such as Board of Engineers, Malaysia (168768A), Institute of Engineers, Malaysia (105662), Institution of Civil Engineers UK (60862553) and MYCOLD (042) and Professional Technologist of MBOT (PT20090158). He has 20 years’ experience in engineering sector, research and consultancy particularly in dam safety, dam disaster management, trainer and coordinator for dam safety exercise. He has published more than 25 technical papers in local and international journals, conference proceedings and technical publications.
Anand Nainar is currently a postdoctoral researcher in the Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). He has served in various institutions and has been managing hydrological- and erosional-related studies. He has served for six years in the SAFE Project under the Royal Society – South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership; followed by over three years in the Ecohydrology Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, in Aichi, Japan. He has been conducting research on hydrological and erosional impacts caused by forest management practices, oil palm agriculture, and industrial development, as well as consulting for green-building/environmentally sustainable design development projects.
Ramli Nazir is a Professor and Senior Deputy Director at Centre of Tropical Geoengineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia, since 1989 and specialised in Geotechnical Engineering. He has more than 30 years’ experience, specifically in foundations, ground improvement and geotechnical forensics engineering and published more than 200 technical papers related to his field of expertise. He has delivered a keynote speech to more than 60 conferences and seminars throughout the world. He is also a Professional Engineer who has numerous experiences as a Design Engineer, Design Checker and Geotechnical Technical Advisor to various government and private agencies in Malaysia. In addition to engineering education and consultation activities, he is a Member of the Technical Committee on Eurocode 7 Malaysian Annex, Research Committee Members for Construction and Industrial Development Board of Malaysia and Public Work Department Malaysia.
Mohd Zamri Ramli is with the Institute of Noise and Vibration, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He as Senior Lecturer in UTM obtained his PhD from UTM in civil engineering with specialised field of structural earthquake engineering. He was involved in several government projects funded by Academic Science Malaysia, Ministry of Science and Technology Malaysia, Department of Works Malaysia and Construction Industry Development Board regarding Structural Earthquake Engineering. His fields of research interest are in earthquake engineering and structural engineering.
Mohd Fadhli Abd Rashid is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He is currently a PhD candidate at UTM. He obtained his BEng (Civil Engineering) from UTM. His field of research is on penetration of light non-aqueous phase liquid in unsaturated double-porosity laterite soil with vibrated and without vibrated impact.
Dr. Muhammad Najib Razali is a full-time lecturer with the Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia. He has a wealth of academic experience spanning 15 years in the property economics and finance fields. Dr. Razali has been active in academic writing. His research and writing interests include property investment analysis in developing countries, property portfolio management, the international property market, information technology application in real estate and knowledge management in property. During the past year he has been busy writing and co-writing technical papers on various topics of interest, particularly in the property market area and presenting papers at both local and international conferences. Dr. Razali has written in excess of 100 technical papers for conferences, seminars and international journals. At university Dr. Razali teaches real estate finances modules at both the undergraduate and post-graduates’ courses.
B.M. Rehan is a PhD graduate from the University of Oxford and currently an active Researcher and a Senior Lecturer in Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. Her research has been focussing on water security and management. She has published papers on uncertainty and long-term adaptations.
Faizah Che Ros is a Senior Lecturer in Malaysia -Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia. She has been involved in several disaster-based research and projects such as dam break study and socio impacts analysis for several dams in Malaysia, flood prediction, high-resolution flood modelling and assessment of flood forecasting and early warning system, debris flow modelling and landslides studies. Her research interests in recent years are flood modelling, high-resolution flood simulation, flood prediction and mitigation, development of integrated disaster modelling system and suspended sediment and discharge analysis.
Nurfarhain Mohamed Rusli is with the Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. She obtained her BEng and MEng (Civil Engineering – Environmental Management) degrees from UTM. Presently, she is a Research Officer in Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research, UTM, and is pursuing her PhD (Environmental Engineering) in UTM.
Radzuan Sa’ari received his Certificate and Diploma in Land Surveying from Politeknik Ungku Omar and completed Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Land Surveying from Faculty of Built Environment & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He completed his PhD in Civil Engineering from Faculty of Civil Engineering, UTM. He is working on the applications of digital close-range photogrammetry in civil engineering. Currently, he is a Senior Lecturer at Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UTM. He started his academic career at UTM as researcher in 1997, tutor in 1999 and lecturer in 2002. His fields of research interest in surveying and mapping include engineering surveying, hydrography surveying, structure monitoring, close-range digital photogrammetry and digital image processing. He is also active in writing journal and conference papers and actively involved in various research and consultancy projects related to surveying and civil engineering field.
Dhinesh Sugumaran is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia, and School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth (UoP). He obtained his BSc (Industrial Chemistry) from UTM, and he is currently a fast track PhD Researcher in the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering at UTM in collaboration with UoP. His research focusses on environmental forensic using sediment fingerprinting approaches in tropical river catchment.
Cha Yao Tan was a student of Master of Engineering at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia. He is currently a PhD candidate in the same university. His research interest is river engineering.
Zakri Tarmidi is a senior lecturer at the Department of Geoinformation Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor in Malaysia. He received a degree in Geoinformatics and MSc in Information Technology-Management fromUTM. He graduated his PhD research at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). His area of interest concerning Geographic Information Sciences (GIS), Marine Management, Marine Spatial Data Infrastructure, and Spatial Analysis.
Fang Yenn Teo is an Associate Professor of Water Engineering at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Malaysia. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers, Malaysia and a Fellow of Higher Education Academy, UK. His research interests include water engineering and management in a changing environment, relating to hydro-environmental engineering, hydrology and water resource management, river and coastal engineering, flood risk modelling and resilience and urban storm water management.
Frank Tsung-Chen Tsai is with the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Patrick F. Taylor Hall, Louisiana State University, USA. He obtained his PhD from University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. He completed his MSc from National Taiwan University, Taiwan and BSc from National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. He is Fellow of Coastal Studies Institute and Director of Louisiana Water Resources Research Institute, Lousiana State University.
Chuan Yuen Wong was a student of Master of Engineering at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Malaysia. He is now practising as a Graduate Engineer in a consulting firm in Kuala Lumpur.
Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff is a Professor in Chemistry and Dean of Faculty of Science in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He is a well-experienced consultant for many government and non-government projects. His research foci are on environmental chemistry, water quality, dyes and wastewater treatments.
Zulkifli Yusop is with the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security, Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia. He is a Professor of Environmental Hydrology in School of Civil Engineering, UTM. He has strong national and international linkages with the Malaysian International Hydrological Programme, Malaysian Water Association, International Water Association, European Union and others through research and consultancy services. His current research focusses on non-point source pollution control, forest and plantation hydrology and climate change impacts on water resources.
F. Zakaria is a Civil Engineer at the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia. She involves a lot in dam safety management in her career in DID, such as in managing emergency action plan (EAP), formal safety inspection (FSI) and dam upgrading work. She is also an active member in Malaysia National Committee on Large Dam (Mycold) and Board of Engineers, Malaysia.
Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain is a Senior Lecturer at Faculty of Architecture Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor. She was a former Principle at Anggerik Residential College of the University. She has working experience with TD Aziz Eastcoast (Johor) Sdn. Bhd and International University College of Technology Twintech (IUCTT). She is a Member of the Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (RISM), Malaysian Institute of Property and Facility Managers (MIPFM) and Malaysia Board of Technologist (MBOT). She is also a Lecturer for Professional Certificate at INSPEN under the Ministry of Finance Malaysia. Her research interest includes Disaster Management (Floods), Property Management and Valuation. She has also presented research papers in local and international conferences and published in indexed and high impact journal articles.
Preface
This book is a manifestation of the intentions of the authors to share works by researchers in the field of water resources to the global society in the form of a book series publication. But it is not merely about sharing, it is also about research improving on past works and be published. All the chapters here are the improved version from the works presented in the International Conference on Water Resources (ICWR 2018) in Malaysia. With the publication of this book, it is intended that the knowledge and research works can be shared with the global public especially in Asia to understand the importance of managing our water resources. It is a big part of our responsibility, be it from a researcher, non-researchers, leaders in the water industries, leaders of the nation and the whole community. It is our small contribution to state that works are being done to improve the current situation and hopefully these will help create positive actions by all.
Our huge gratitude to all the authors involved in the making of this book, and to the School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia for organising the international conference. It has provided a platform for knowledge sharing and dissemination.
- Prelims
- A. Flood Risk Management
- Chapter 1: The Impact of Flood Hazard on Residential Property Price
- Chapter 2: Micro-scale Flood Damage and Risk Assessments: A Case Study in Kelantan, Malaysia
- Chapter 3: Quantitative Assessment of Flood Vulnerability in Malaysia
- Chapter 4: Dam Break Flood Mapping Analysis and Impact Assessment
- Chapter 5: Flood Hydrograph as a Functional Data
- Chapter 6: Infiltrated Sustainable Urban Drainage System for Storm Water Control
- B. Hydrological and Hydraulic Modelling
- Chapter 7: Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on the Streamflow of Langat River Basin
- Chapter 8: SWMM Modelling of Automated Hydraulic Flushing Gate as a Flow Control Structure
- Chapter 9: Cuckoo Search Optimisation Neural Networks for Runoff Simulation in a Equatorial Rural Watershed
- Chapter 10: The Time of Concentration and River Physical Geometry Relationship
- C. Water Resources
- Chapter 11: Irrigation Management Transfer’s Role in the Performance of Irrigation Systems in Davao Del Sur, Philippines
- Chapter 12: Simulating Rainwater Harvesting System Performance for a Campus University in Malaysia
- Chapter 13: Understanding the Water Consumption Patterns in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) for Water Conservation
- Chapter 14: A Review of Managing Water Resources in Malaysia with Big Data Approaches
- D. Infiltration and Sediment
- Chapter 15: Laboratory Investigation of Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids Migration in Double-Porosity Kaolin Soil
- Chapter 16: Light Non-aqueous Phase Liquid Penetrations in Multi-Porosity Soil
- Chapter 17: Tracing Non-point Source Sediment Using Environmental Forensic Approach: Case Study in Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
- Index