Comparison study of Izod impact properties on 3D printed thermoplastic and thermoset carbon fiber composite at different infill density

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the low energy impact characteristics of 3D printed carbon fiber thermoplastic and thermoset polymer composite using the Izod impact test. The effects of infill density are examined on the Izod impact properties of 3D printed thermoset polymer and thermoplastic composite specimens. Furthermore, a thorough investigation is conducted into the effect of heat treatment using a hot-air oven on both types of 3D printed composite specimens. To characterize the impact characteristics of each specimen, the fracture surfaces caused by impact load are inspected, and the fracture mechanism is studied using scanning electron micrographs.

Design/methodology/approach

Izod Impact specimens of thermoset (epoxy resin) and thermoplastic carbon fiber of different infill density (70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 100%) are fabricated using the different fiber impregnation 3D printing process. To carry out the heat treatment process, printing of composites is done for each infill design from both thermoset and thermoplastic composites and the impact characteristics of specimens are evaluated on a pendulum test-rig using the ASTM D-256 standard. Using a scanning electron microscope, each fracture zone underwent four separate scanning processes, ranging in size from 2 µm to 100 µm.

Findings

The impact resistance of the 3D printed thermoset and thermoplastic composite material is significantly influenced by the type of fiber placement and infill density in the matrix substrate. Because of the weak interfacial strength between the layers of fiber and polyamide 6, the specimen printed with continuous fiber implanted at the part exhibited reduced impact resistance. At 75% infill density, the impact specimen printed with coextruded fiber showed the highest impact resistance with a 367.02% greater magnitude than the continuous fiber specimen with the same infill density.

Originality/value

This work presents a novel approach to analyze the low energy impact characteristics and three-dimensional printing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic and carbon fiber reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composite material.

Citation

Kumar Mishra, P. and T., J. (2024), "Comparison study of Izod impact properties on 3D printed thermoplastic and thermoset carbon fiber composite at different infill density", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 30 No. 10, pp. 2123-2144. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-01-2024-0003