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Turkish state-owned utility BOTAS has a supply contract with Bulgargaz which also includes access to the Bulgarian grid. It is in position to resell Russian gas to customers in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281972
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
BULGARIA/RUSSIA: Lukoil stops refining Russian crude
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES284099
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Eastern EU member-states, from the Baltics to the Black Sea, are united in applying existing sanctions against Russia, with only Hungary overtly weakening political unity on the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB272504
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Prospects for the eastern EU in 2023.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB274176
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286400
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The four Visegrad (V4) countries -- Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland -- have built up gas stocks to prepare for the winter. Once the EU states most dependent on Russian gas…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281471
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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With TurkStream, Russia has opened a new export route to the EU through South-eastern Europe under the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia are receiving Russian gas…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB249939
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria in May all secured derogations from adopting the EU-wide oil embargo on Russian oil, the main source of supply for refineries…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB271630
ISSN: 2633-304X
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LNG in Greece, Croatia and Poland.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB238877
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
In the weeks after the energy earthquake generated by Russian President Vladimir Putin's announcement that Russia was cancelling plans to construct the South Stream gas pipeline…