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The Russo-Turkish intergovernmental TurkStream agreement.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB214432
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
This is Russia’s drastic response to most developed states’ economic sanctions following the invasion of Ukraine. It means a new geography of foreign trade that will not only…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB278226
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Most of Russia’s hydrocarbon export revenues are generated from oil now that gas sales have collapsed. Ambitious state spending plans are based on oil revenues rising this year…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284811
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The KRG has had difficulty making payments to IOCs owing to a serious shortfall in fiscal revenue in 2014-15, the result of disputes with Baghdad and falling oil prices. Salaries…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB207699
ISSN: 2633-304X
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In June 2022, Russia booked almost twice the revenue (USD20.4bn) from such exports. Declining oil income poses a serious challenge to the administration of President Vladimir…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB280900
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Diamond dynamics.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB239397
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The pipeline will run from Greece's Turkish border across the Adriatic, at a cost of 45 billion dollars. It inaugurates the Southern Gas Corridor linking the EU to producers in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB211301
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Topical
The decision to restart the TurkStream natural gas pipeline from Russia to Turkey.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB213164
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
This threatens to end the KRI's oil export autonomy, handing Baghdad a major victory. The closure has taken 450,000 barrels per day (b/d) off the global oil market, raising oil…
Politicisation of central banking.