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Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 January 2016

Turkey's security of natural gas supply.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 4 April 2022

The EU on March 10 set a deadline of 2027 to “achieve independence” from Russian gas. Iran, which has the world’s second-largest gas reserves, has the potential to become a major…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 6 August 2021

Failures of Iranian gas and electricity supplies have combined with attacks on pylons and a heatwave to cause severe power cuts in Iraq this summer. In the longer term, Tehran’s…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 4 May 2023

Ankara is also revising its Gas Market Law 4646, with the aim of becoming a gas transit, trading and pricing hub. The law will make it easier for private-sector companies to…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 16 September 2021

Import-dependent Lebanon has faced acute energy shortages in recent months, reflecting poor infrastructure, unsustainable policies and a lack of hard currency. Leaders are…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 26 August 2015

The Justice and Development Party (AKP) has abandoned its long-stalled 'peace process' with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). In response, the PKK has ended its ceasefire…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 11 May 2022

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Europe urgently needs new supplies. Turkey has been proposed as a transit route for gas from Middle Eastern and Caspian sources, but…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 February 2023

Ample gas reserves in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) could potentially help address energy shortfalls in Baghdad and Ankara. However, internal and external…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 February 2022

Iran halted gas exports to Turkey on January 20, requiring restrictions on usage. Flows resumed in February but as Turkish demand is historically high and likely to remain so…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 23 December 2015

Turkish-Russian relations may suffer long-lasting damage from the downing of a Russian Su-24 military jet on the Turkish-Syrian border. Turkey has started looking to diversify…

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