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This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286400
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Energy exports have been Russia’s potent weapon against Europe since the Ukraine war began. When NS1 closed for maintenance in July, fears mounted that flows would not resume…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB271956
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Turkish state-owned utility BOTAS has a supply contract with Bulgargaz which also includes access to the Bulgarian grid. It is in position to resell Russian gas to customers in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281972
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
With TurkStream, Russia has opened a new export route to the EU through South-eastern Europe under the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia are receiving Russian gas…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB249939
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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This 30% hike, from BGN102.33 in December, was at the request of Bulgargaz, the state-owned gas distributor. The decision came in the wake of a parliamentary vote on December 16…
LNG in Greece, Croatia and Poland.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB238877
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The four Visegrad (V4) countries -- Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland -- have built up gas stocks to prepare for the winter. Once the EU states most dependent on Russian gas…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281471
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Although member states agree in principle on the need to overhaul gas markets and strengthen resilience, the EU is divided between German- and French-led blocs on the price cap…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB274293
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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UKRAINE/RUSSIA: Kyiv may end gas flows to Europe soon
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES279987
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
ROMANIA: Offshore gas will boost exports