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Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 February 2024

This follows years of the region being regarded as of peripheral interest to Brussels. Nonetheless, relations have not always been smooth.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 16 April 2024

Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 September 2023

The decision to make Vestmodtransgaz the transmission system operator (TSO) will facilitate the overhaul of national gas utility MoldovaGaz. It will also deprive Russia of…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 October 2016

Turkey's attempts to expand its military role in both Iraq and Syria are entangled with major shifts in its relations with the United States and Russia, and in its overall…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 22 November 2016

Prospects for the Gulf states in 2017.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 January 2021

They have backed opposing sides in the Syrian and Libyan conflicts and pursued different objectives there and in Nagorno-Karabakh, in the hope that conflict trends would benefit…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 25 August 2021

This was the culmination of months of backchannel talks between two of the Middle East’s bitterest rivals. It is intended to help reduce bilateral tensions and facilitate further…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 July 2023

Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the opening ceremony by video link, hailing the “irresistible” trend towards multipolarity and economic globalisation. The forum discussed…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 26 February 2018

Renewed tensions in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 July 2023

Kazakhstan’s economy has weathered well the turbulences created by the war in Ukraine. A new context for the country’s traditional aspirations to balance and diversify economic…

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