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Expert briefing
Publication date: 15 September 2023

Turkish state-owned utility BOTAS has a supply contract with Bulgargaz which also includes access to the Bulgarian grid. It is in position to resell Russian gas to customers in…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 5 September 2022

Eastern EU member-states, from the Baltics to the Black Sea, are united in applying existing sanctions against Russia, with only Hungary overtly weakening political unity on the…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 April 2024

This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…

Details

DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286400

ISSN: 2633-304X

Keywords

Geographic
Topical
Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 August 2023

The four Visegrad (V4) countries -- Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland -- have built up gas stocks to prepare for the winter. Once the EU states most dependent on Russian gas…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 13 January 2020

With TurkStream, Russia has opened a new export route to the EU through South-eastern Europe under the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia are receiving Russian gas…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 22 July 2022

Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria in May all secured derogations from adopting the EU-wide oil embargo on Russian oil, the main source of supply for refineries…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 October 2018

LNG in Greece, Croatia and Poland.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 6 January 2015

In the weeks after the energy earthquake generated by Russian President Vladimir Putin's announcement that Russia was cancelling plans to construct the South Stream gas pipeline…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 January 2022

This 30% hike, from BGN102.33 in December, was at the request of Bulgargaz, the state-owned gas distributor. The decision came in the wake of a parliamentary vote on December 16…

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