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Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 May 2023

Shamkhani raised the issue of reactivating the ‘rupee-rial’ mechanism to boost bilateral trade, which has fallen sharply since 2018-19. The visit came at a time when Iran has…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 1 December 2022

Sanctions have constrained east-west transit through Russia and revived its interest in north-south connections to Gulf ports and India. Moscow and Tehran, each keen to circumvent…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 November 2015

Vaezi was speaking after talks with visiting Armenian Economy Minister Karen Chshmaritian. Since Iran's nuclear deal with the international powers, Armenia is in a key position…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 July 2023

Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the opening ceremony by video link, hailing the “irresistible” trend towards multipolarity and economic globalisation. The forum discussed…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 29 October 2015

Following 'Adoption Day' on October 18, the final stage in Iran's nuclear agreement with world powers is 'Implementation Day', when the International Atomic Energy Agency verifies…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 January 2017

The Russia-Azerbaijan-Iran railway.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 April 2023

The two countries have turned to each other amid increasing isolation from international banking systems, export markets, and foreign resources and technologies. Deepening their…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 May 2019

Last month, Saudi Arabia pledged to link Iraq up to its national grid to help address electricity shortfalls. Indeed, after years of frozen ties, Saudi Arabia has recently stepped…

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