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This chapter presented cognitive radio networks in construction. The construction industry requires an efficient bandwidth of wireless technology for effectiveness without delay. The persistence of challenges with the investment in third generation is a great concern, and this chapter identified investing in fifth generation (as an alternative) to enlarge bandwidth for better effectiveness that is capable of dealing with unavailable or scarcity of radio spectrum. The application of fifth generation will permit efficient utilisation of the radio spectrum by the primary and secondary users to detect the spectrum parameters which will highlight the direct and adequate interaction with the radio channel. This chapter further considered the usage of this technology as it relates to permitting sharing of sense in the spectrum.

One important element for effective local disaster risk management (DRM) is community participation. However, this is not automatic in Costa Rica. Moreover, communities do not always continue DRM activities after a project or promotional campaign by the government. Indeed, little knowledge exists regarding long-term project sustainability of local DRM activities. Based on this, the present chapter discusses whether and how communities realize long-term DRM activities, an important factor for enhancing local DRM capacity, in a sustainable manner. The study conducts semi-structured interviews in the communities in Cartago City, Costa Rica as a means of evaluation; these are communities where the local DRM project has been implemented for more than ten years.

Cartago City is located in the central valley of Costa Rica. Situated at the southern foot of the Irazu volcano and characterized by rugged mountainous topography, the city in general is exposed to multiple natural hazards including floods, volcanic eruption, and pyroclastic flows. Indeed, the city has experienced catastrophes in 1724, 1861, 1891, 1928, and 1951. The most recent one was a combination of pyroclastic flows and several floods in 1963–1964. This catastrophe caused US$3.5 million of economic damage as well as 20 deaths (ICE, 1966).

This chapter presented radio frequency identification (RFID) as a technological gadget used in various industries to improve information and tracking equipment. The adoption of RFID in the construction industry has been scarcely used due to the dissemination of its potential to construction professionals in the industry. RFID is generally used as a wireless device that transmits information using radio waves. The benefits associated with using RFID in the construction industry were discussed along with challenges, and its functions to the construction process.

This chapter explores some of the key operational steps and marketing activity required to organise a children's sports events based on the experience of event management company ReesLeisure. The chapter highlights the importance of conducting research pre-event, creating robust event aims, developing a target market, marketing the event correctly, working with competent suppliers, hiring the correct number of staff and having the vital paperwork and policies in place. It explores some of the barriers and challenges that organisers face and have to work through when organising events for children.

In the nineteenth century, the comparative method was seen as essential, if not fundamental, to growth and production of knowledge in the human sciences. However, over time the categories that formed the basis of nineteenth century comparative research (civilized: savage for example) were discredited. And so, in time, was the comparative method itself.

In today's internationalized world, value creation consists of knowledge and work integration involving workers from around the world. Members of these globally distributed work teams (GDWT) encounter organizational behavior issues (identity, cultural differences, and leadership) and organization design issues (dependencies, information processing, media use, and teamwork structures). While most research on GDWT focuses on the first set of issues, this chapter is among the few to systematically explore the second set. We propose and elaborate on strategies for either reducing the intensity of collaboration, or enabling teams to collaborate intensely on a global scale. Implications for research and practice are explored.