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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1993

Sandra Hogarth‐Scott and Stephen T. Parkinson

Changes in the European retailing marketplace are having an impacton relationships between retailers and their suppliers. Concentration ofsales to fewer, larger and more powerful…

Abstract

Changes in the European retailing marketplace are having an impact on relationships between retailers and their suppliers. Concentration of sales to fewer, larger and more powerful retailers, the growth of own label brands, and the operational and marketing benefits of retailer information technology, all affect the relationship between retailers and their suppliers. These trends are seen at their most extreme in the UK market, which is seen by many as a model for the future of the rest of Europe. In this emerging trading environment, the issues of collaboration versus conflict, documented in research in retailing since the 1950s, take on a particular focus and importance. Looks at these issues from the perspective of 11 manufacturers, each of which deals with the same significant retailer in the UK. Examines the relevance of the constructs of power, conflict and co‐operation in the UK food channel from the supplier′s perspective; the manufacturer′s response to powerful buyers in the channel; and the impact of information technology on channel relationships. Concludes with recommendations to manufacturers on managing key accounts in the new environment.

Details

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, vol. 21 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-0552

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1993

Sandra Hogarth‐Scott and Stephen T. Parkinson

Explores the marketing process of a large food retailer, based onin‐depth interviews with 106 senior managers. Finds that attitudestowards marketing are conflicting, that the role…

1164

Abstract

Explores the marketing process of a large food retailer, based on in‐depth interviews with 106 senior managers. Finds that attitudes towards marketing are conflicting, that the role is diffused into different functional areas within the organization, and that buyers are highly influential within the organization and play a key role. There are two parallel strands in the development of marketing within the organization. One is the growth of a corporate marketing department with responsibility for advertising, the purchase of market research, and corporate image in the marketplace. The lack of current influence of corporate marketing is reflected in the absence of a chief marketing executive (CME) on the main board. The other element is the role of the buyer and the trading departments. The trading department is found to be highly influential. Buying teams are the marketers in the company dealing with product selection, pricing, merchandising and promotion. Effective marketing depends on an integrated organizational effort. This is clearly not the case here. The study methodology sheds new light on the nature of strategic marketing planning in a large, complex organization.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. 27 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2003

Sandra Moffett, Rodney McAdam and Stephen Parkinson

The aim of this paper is to improve the understanding and inter‐relationship of both the people and technical aspects of knowledge management. Studies in knowledge management…

6192

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to improve the understanding and inter‐relationship of both the people and technical aspects of knowledge management. Studies in knowledge management indicate that there can be an over‐emphasis on technology to the exclusion of adequate people/quality planning, or, strong people/quality programmes from a knowledge perspective, hindered by inadequate enabling technologies. Understanding of these issues in practice and academia is currently hindered by a paucity of systematic empirical research, addressing the relationship between the cultural and technological aspects of knowledge management. A survey questionnaire was constructed and tested via a pilot phase. The questionnaire was then distributed to over 1,000 organizations, across three industrial sectors. The findings indicate that a strong relationship exists between KM and other organizational factors, namely organizational culture and internal technical culture. Further analysis of these elements revealed that factors internal to the organization are impinged upon by macro‐environmental elements.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 7 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 October 2017

Joy Parkinson, Chris Dubelaar, Julia Carins, Stephen Holden, Fiona Newton and Melanie Pescud

The purpose of this paper is to focus on food consumption as part of the wicked problem of obesity. Specifically, the authors seek to explore the complex interplay between…

2045

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on food consumption as part of the wicked problem of obesity. Specifically, the authors seek to explore the complex interplay between stakeholders such as food producers, marketers, health and medical practitioners and policymakers and their influence on the ways in which individuals consume food and also chart a course forward using a systems approach, social marketing techniques and social enterprise to develop solutions to effect change.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a conceptual paper that proposes the food system compass to understand the complex interplay between stakeholders.

Findings

This new tool will provide social marketers with an improved understanding of the complexity of interactions between stakeholders and outcomes and integrating the necessity for coordination within and across micro, meso, exo and macro levels of the system as well as across sectors, institutions and stakeholders.

Research limitations/implications

This is a conceptual paper and proposes the food system compass which offers a foundation for future research to expand upon.

Originality/value

This paper seeks to advance the theoretical base of social marketing by providing new insights into the trans-disciplinary and dynamic circumstances surrounding food consumption and obesity and highlights leverage points where joint actions can be facilitated with actors across and between micro, meso, exo and macro levels.

Details

Journal of Social Marketing, vol. 7 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-6763

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 1991

Chris Parkinson and Matthew Ian Shaw

The content of this paper is adapted from two studies of contested takeover bids. These studies, and this paper, are attempts to add to the limited research conducted in the UK…

Abstract

The content of this paper is adapted from two studies of contested takeover bids. These studies, and this paper, are attempts to add to the limited research conducted in the UK into the share price performance of companies involved in mergers and acquisitions. Research directed specifically at defended takeover bids is even more limited and only one piece of research (Holl and Taffler, 1988) to date has addressed this particular topic in the UK.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 17 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1998

Angela Chambers and Stephen Parkinson

Many companies pigeon‐hole marketing as a non‐value adding activity. But an auditing framework developed with 600 managers is putting marketing measurement on the senior executive…

Abstract

Many companies pigeon‐hole marketing as a non‐value adding activity. But an auditing framework developed with 600 managers is putting marketing measurement on the senior executive agenda. Users include First Direct, Sainsbury and SmithKline Beecham.

Details

Measuring Business Excellence, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1368-3047

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1899

The Food and Drugs Bill introduced by the Government affords an excellent illustration of the fact that repressive legislative enactments in regard to adulteration must always be…

Abstract

The Food and Drugs Bill introduced by the Government affords an excellent illustration of the fact that repressive legislative enactments in regard to adulteration must always be of such a nature that, while they give a certain degree and a certain kind of protection to the public, they can never be expected to supply a sufficiently real and effective insurance against adulteration and against the palming off of inferior goods, nor an adequate and satisfactory protection to the producer and vendor of superior articles. In this country, at any rate, legislation on the adulteration question has always been, and probably will always be of a somewhat weak and patchy character, with the defects inevitably resulting from more or less futile attempts to conciliate a variety of conflicting interests. The Bill as it stands, for instance, fails to deal in any way satisfactorily with the subject of preservatives, and, if passed in its present form, will give the force of law to the standards of Somerset House—standards which must of necessity be low and the general acceptance of which must tend to reduce the quality of foods and drugs to the same dead‐level of extreme inferiority. The ludicrous laissez faire report of the Beer Materials Committee—whose authors see no reason to interfere with the unrestricted sale of the products of the “ free mash tun,” or, more properly speaking, of the free adulteration tun—affords a further instance of what is to be expected at present and for many years to come as the result of governmental travail and official meditations. Public feeling is developing in reference to these matters. There is a growing demand for some system of effective insurance, official or non‐official, based on common‐sense and common honesty ; and it is on account of the plain necessity that the quibbles and futilities attaching to repressive legislation shall by some means be brushed aside that we have come to believe in the power and the value of the system of Control, and that we advocate its general acceptance. The attitude and the policy of the INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ADULTERATION, of the BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL, and of the BRITISH ANALYTICAL CONTROL, are in all respects identical with regard to adulteration questions; and in answer to the observations and suggestions which have been put forward since the introduction of the Control System in England, it may be well once more to state that nothing will meet with the approbation or support of the Control which is not pure, genuine, and good in the strictest sense of these terms. Those applicants and critics whom it may concern may with advantage take notice of the fact that under no circumstances will approval be given to such articles as substitute beers, separated milks, coppered vegetables, dyed sugars, foods treated with chemical preservatives, or, in fact, to any food or drug which cannot be regarded as in every respect free from any adulterant, and free from any suspicion of sophistication or inferiority. The supply of such articles as those referred to, which is left more or less unfettered by the cumbrous machinery of the law, as well as the sale of those adulterated goods with which the law can more easily deal, can only be adequately held in check by the application of a strong system of Control to justify approbation, providing, as this does, the only effective form of insurance which up to the present has been devised.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 1 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

Article
Publication date: 3 August 2021

Tarek Salama, Ahmad Salah and Osama Moselhi

The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for project tracking and control of integrated offsite and onsite activities in modular construction considering practical…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for project tracking and control of integrated offsite and onsite activities in modular construction considering practical characteristics associated with this type of construction.

Design/methodology/approach

The design embraces building information modelling and integrates last planner system (LPS), linear scheduling method (LSM) and critical chain project management (CCPM) to develop tracking and control procedures for modular construction projects. The developed method accounts for constraints of resources continuity and uncertainties associated with activity duration. Features of proposed method are illustrated in a case example for tracking and control of modular projects.

Findings

Comparison between developed schedule and Monte Carlo simulation showed that baseline duration generated from simulation exceeds that produced by developed method by 12% and 10% for schedules with 50% and 90% confidence level, respectively. These percentages decrease based on interventions of members of project team in the LPS sessions. The case example results indicate that project is delayed 5% and experienced cost overrun of 2.5%.

Originality/value

Developed method integrated LPS, LSM and CCPM while using metrics for reliability assessment of linear schedules, namely, critical percent plan complete (PPCcr) and buffer index (BI). PPCcr and BI measure percentage of plan completion for critical activities and buffer consumption, respectively. The developed method provides a systematic procedure for forecasting look-ahead schedules using forecasting correction factor Δt and a newly developed tracking and control procedure that uses PPCcr and BI. Quantitative cost analysis is also provided to forecast and monitor project costs to prove the robustness of proposed framework.

Details

Construction Innovation , vol. 21 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 April 2011

Beverley Searle

The purpose of this paper is to explore the changing role of housing wealth from an investment vehicle to a welfare resource. It also considers the implications of economic…

1211

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the changing role of housing wealth from an investment vehicle to a welfare resource. It also considers the implications of economic prosperity and decline in the UK on homeowners, intentions of equity withdrawal, and the consequences of managing household budgets.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper takes the form of a quantitative longitudinal analysis of national data and panel survey, including random effects logistic regression model.

Findings

Housing wealth is increasingly being used as a financial safety net across the life course. Homeowners are equally likely to have engaged in equity‐borrowing episodes during periods of economic prosperity as they are during periods of decline; particularly, lone parents with non‐dependent children and unemployed people. Housing tends to be used as a last resort once other forms of credit have been exhausted.

Research limitations/implications

There are data constraints; equity withdrawal can only be calculated from 1994 and the latest wave of data available is 2008. The research is not therefore able to consider the full extent of the consequences of the current recession, however, it does provide an indication of the problems that may emerge.

Social implications

Social implications arise from the concentration of resources into housing wealth; homeowners may suffer through having increased debt and there are implications for financial and sustainable welfare policy where home ownership is positioned as a nation's welfare resource.

Originality/value

The paper draws upon the author's recent work (in collaboration with others) which offers insights into the motivations for equity borrowing. This paper offers an original contribution through presenting empirical evidence on the effect of economic prosperity and economic decline on household behaviour, and adds new insights in respect of the implications for households who rely on housing wealth in the context of the current recession.

Details

Journal of Financial Economic Policy, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-6385

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 November 2021

Bhaveer Bhana and Stephen Vincent Flowerday

The average employee spends a total of 18.6 h every two months on password-related activities, including password retries and resets. The problem is caused by the user forgetting…

Abstract

Purpose

The average employee spends a total of 18.6 h every two months on password-related activities, including password retries and resets. The problem is caused by the user forgetting or mistyping the password (usually because of character switching). The source of this issue is that while a password containing combinations of lowercase characters, uppercase characters, digits and special characters (LUDS) offers a reasonable level of security, it is complex to type and/or memorise, which prolongs the user authentication process. This results in much time being spent for no benefit (as perceived by users), as the user authentication process is merely a prerequisite for whatever a user intends to accomplish. This study aims to address this issue, passphrases that exclude the LUDS guidelines are proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

To discover constructs that create security and to investigate usability concerns relating to the memory and typing issues concerning passphrases, this study was guided by three theories as follows: Shannon’s entropy theory was used to assess security, chunking theory to analyse memory issues and the keystroke level model to assess typing issues. These three constructs were then evaluated against passwords and passphrases to determine whether passphrases better address the security and usability issues related to text-based user authentication. A content analysis was performed to identify common password compositions currently used. A login assessment experiment was used to collect data on user authentication and user – system interaction with passwords and passphrases in line with the constructs that have an impact on user authentication issues related to security, memory and typing. User–system interaction data was collected from a purposeful sample size of 112 participants, logging in at least once a day for 10 days. An expert review, which comprised usability and security experts with specific years of industry and/or academic experience, was also used to validate results and conclusions. All the experts were given questions and content to ensure sufficient context was provided and relevant feedback was obtained. A pilot study involving 10 participants (experts in security and/or usability) was performed on the login assessment website and the content was given to the experts beforehand. Both the website and the expert review content was refined after feedback was received from the pilot study.

Findings

It was concluded that, overall, passphrases better support the user during the user authentication process in terms of security, memory issues and typing issues.

Originality/value

This research aims at promoting the use of a specific type of passphrase instead of complex passwords. Three core aspects need to be assessed in conjunction with each other (security, memorisation and typing) to determine whether user-friendly passphrases can support user authentication better than passwords.

Details

Information & Computer Security, vol. 30 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4961

Keywords

1 – 10 of 171