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The purpose of this study is to introduce mechanochemically prepared polyaniline anticorrosive additives. In primer coating technology, there is an increasing interest in the development of efficient anticorrosive additives which replace the conventional inorganic anticorrosive pigments like heavy metal chromates and phosphates normally added to primer paints for the coating on metals. Conducting polymers are found to be better alternatives.

Polyaniline phosphate is synthesized through solid-state conditions without using any solvent. The synthesized polyaniline phosphate is added in the primer formulation instead of zinc phosphate. Primers with different quantity of zinc phosphate are also formulated and studied for comparison. The comparison between their abilities to control corrosion of carbon steel were done with application of open-circuit potential monitoring, polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution.

Corrosion studies indicate that polyaniline phosphate can improve corrosion protection properties by taking part the passivation processes. The performance of polyaniline phosphate is better than zinc phosphate.

I certify that the results are from our original research and this paper is neither considered for publication elsewhere nor published previously.

The great importance which the determination of the critical pigment volume concentration has for the proper formulaton of primers caused us to look for possibilities of determining this value with a minimum of equipment. In the cells for measuring the ion permeability, a strong deposition of iron oxide hydrate in the electrolyte liquid can already be observed on the day when the sheets are immersed, provided that the pigment volume concentration of the paints is overcritical.

In a number of publications Wirth and Machu have described the measurement of the ion permeability of paint films. In principle, the experimental arrangement used for their first tests consisted of a cell with a weak electrolyte solution containing an iron sheet covered with the paint to be investigated and a sheet of a noble metal ‘silver’ in conductive connection.

In this second and concluding part of his article, Mr. Stanners discusses the choice of paints, paint formulation, the paint system, and, finally, when and how to paint. The first part of the article ‘Preparing to Paint’ appeared in our August issue.

It is shown that complete derusting of structural steel is not necessary if rust converter which can convert adherent rust into a protective coating is used. The performance of the rust converter developed by the authors is described in this paper.

This paper covers some of the work undertaken in our Product Applications Laboratories over a period of several years in connection with universal tinter acceptance into alkyd gloss paints. Our work has covered a very wide range in the past ten years and we have developed some guiding principles to improve tinter acceptance. Purists could argue that the term ‘universal tinter’ is a misnomer and I would accept that argument. However, the term has a general acceptance, within the paint industry, to mean a range of strength controlled coloured tinters intended for decorative/architectural paints such as gloss, semi‐gloss, flat systems based on both alkyd and emulsion polymer resins. The tinting of strength controlled base paints with these universal tinters is done at point of sale, to produce commercially acceptable colour matches to a large number of colours offered, say 1,000 or more.

In the first part of this article which appeared last month, Mr. Diamond dealt with the composition, application and drying of anti‐corrosive paints. Here he considers the many uses of paint for corrosion prevention in industries ranging from motor cars to chemicals.

The author discusses several examples of paint systems that failed, not because of the quality of the paint, but from defects or complications during application. Metal pretreatment, air pollution, and method of application are all factors to be considered. Effects of marine and industrial environments are discussed.

RESINS AT 1,000°C. A DEVELOPMENT in the field of stable, high‐temperature resins was recently announced by Dr. George Ader of Artrite Resins Ltd., Camberley, Surrey. This was the discovery of resins able to withstand 1,000°C. and more without loss of strength. As the most immediate applications of the material are likely to be in space flight and defence, such as in the manufacture of nose cones and other parts of rockets and missiles, all details connected with this research are secret.

In September, The Corrosion Group of the S.C.I., The Institution of Gas Engineers, and The Birmingham College of Advanced Technology, held a joint symposium on the above subject in Birmingham. Certain well‐known authorities contributed papers on their own particular field as it affected the gas industry. Below are abstracts from some of the papers.