Search results

Certified and non-certified organisations must make strategic decisions regarding ISO 9001 adoption, maintenance, renewal and abandonment. However, the ISO 9001 literature lacks a typology of the strategic options available to these organisations. The purpose of this conceptual study is to develop a framework of the alternative strategies for the stages of the ISO 9001 life cycle (implementation/certification, certification maintenance and recertification/decertification stages).

The research method is based on literature review, selection of relevant variables and synthesis of coherent alternative strategies.

Results include the main variables of relevance for the definition of the ISO 9001 strategies (e.g. life cycle stage, organisational motivations, barriers, benefits, internalisation degree and quality of the certification body), the main situations in which organisations can find themselves (in terms of ISO 9001 certification, maintenance and decertification), the strategic options for each situation (e.g.: certify, maintain certification, try harder, change certification body, intensify learning and experimentation with ISO 9001) and the implications and consequences of such options. Research results are integrated into a strategy framework, composed of three strategy matrices, one for each stage of the life cycle. The matrices present the strategic situations, available strategic alternatives and benefits of the strategies.

This study combines the results of previous research to develop an original strategy framework, which constitutes the main research contribution. As far as the author is aware, there is no such strategy framework in the literature. The framework has relevant implications for theory and practice and helps to identify future research directions.

This study aims to investigate causes of sustainability failures of ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems in Botswana.

The research employed qualitative and quantitative methods, including literature review and secondary data analysis to understand trends relating to Botswana, and a survey to identify gaps leading to certification sustainability failures, focusing on; motives for certification, causes of decertification and issues in the certification process.

ISO 9001 adoption in Botswana is slow, with low acceptance rate in the public sector at 13% compared to the private sector at 87%. Termination rates have been high at 55% over two decades. Manufacturing dominates certification with 45% of total certification. While micro and small companies struggle to sustain certification, often failing within 2 years, medium-sized companies demonstrate better sustainability, lasting beyond 6 years. Product/service quality and process improvement drive certification while decertification is influenced by management factors, financial constraints, and process management. The study recommends a model for effective integration of ISO 9001.

Integrated systems are crucial for consistent process performance and continual improvement in all sectors for sustainable organizational success. Although the ISO 9001 Quality Management System has shown positive impacts globally, the impact of its adoption in Botswana remains questionable with high failure rates post implementation. There appears to exist a significant gap in development, implementation, and maintenance of the QMS. The public domain has no evidence of any past investigation on causes of sustainability failures of ISO 9001 post certification. The current study sought to close that knowledge gap.

A primary impetus of the modern hospice movement was the disparity, during the later 20th century, between the care provided to persons with illnesses considered “curable” and the treatment – or lack of it – accorded the incurably or terminally ill. In its transformation from a reform-oriented, interdisciplinary response to the needs of the dying to an integrated component of the American healthcare system, hospice care's original mission, target population, and modality of service delivery were all significantly altered in ways that generated new disparities in access to “death with dignity.” This chapter attempts to trace the political, economic, and institutional dimensions of this transformation as reflected in the experiences of one Northeastern hospice during a 6-month period in 2001. Using an analytic approach known as institutional ethnography (IE), the authors focus on the work of the Hospice's Interdisciplinary Group (IDG) to uncover the linkages between local problems in the delivery of hospice care and extra-local sites of power and constraint at the mezzo- and macrolevels of the American healthcare system. The significance of these linkages for patients, frontline workers, and other stakeholders are interpreted from several perspectives. Implications for change are discussed.

Robert Linsdell has become UK Sales Director of Morton Electronic Materials, having been responsible for the management of the company's sales and marketing activities since 1990. Mr Linsdell joined the company, then known as Dynachem, in 1981 as Technical Sales Representative and later became Technical Service Manager, responsible for delivering technical support in the UK as well as in other European areas serviced by the UK facility.

As part of a global expansion programme, Alpha Metals have announced two senior personnel changes which will strengthen their sales operations both in the UK and in the USA.

In this chapter, we investigate whether innovation, as measured by an aggregate weighted innovation score, impacts on nursing home performance. We employ multiple measures of performance, including occupancy rate, payer mix, and the number of deficiencies cited on the annual Medicare/Medicaid recertification survey. Arguing from a contingency perspective, we hypothesize that the performance of nursing homes that engage in minimal innovation will not be significantly different from those that do not innovate at all. However, those that engage in more extensive innovation will have superior performance. Using Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting data from 1997 to 2002, we conducted a series of logit regressions, controlling for organizational and market characteristics that could influence nursing home performance. The results of these analyses support our hypotheses. From a theoretical perspective, this evidence is consistent with contingency theory arguments that organizations that are not responsive to a changing environment will experience declining performance. From a managerial perspective, these results support the importance of the entrepreneurial spirit in the nursing home industry.

This study aims to provide information on particular combination of benefits or disadvantages with exact timing of their appearance in the company after its first certification, along with the information on the value range each benefit and disadvantage would take, as well as on the duration period of expected values.

Survey was conducted from October 2015 to January 2019 in 306 certified companies with respondent rate of 58.82%. A questionnaire, structured using literature review to identify all possible benefits and disadvantages of QMS, was used to determine the time of appearance, value range and duration of each identified benefit or disadvantage. Results were used to define indicators for fully applied QMS in each age of its maturity, then the indicators were verified using the records of two ISO certified companies.

There is a difference in the set of benefits and disadvantages in companies with fully implemented QMS and those that are using QMS only to maintain the certificate. In each age of QMS application a specific set of benefits and disadvantages can be expected as well as the volume range of each of them. These timely sets of benefits and disadvantages can be used as indicators to distinguish well-implemented QMS from those partially implemented.

The sample consists of companies from Balkan area, therefore economy, politics and culture could have influenced results, predominantly regarding the value ranges of some benefits and disadvantages.

Companies which already have implemented or are about to implement QMS may use results of the research to plan its effects in years ahead, concerning costs and profit dynamics, as well as to prepare themselves for upcoming probable issues. Auditors can use results in addition to certification criteria to determine the level of QMS implementation and to forecast whether audited company would keep the certificate in the future.

Supply chain management could use research findings in selection of chain members to support and speed up third party audits since the benefits and disadvantages of fully implemented QMS are known for each QMS age. This would further imply better structure of supply chains, which would consequently lead to lower production costs, higher quality and competitive prices at the market, which has beneficial implications on the whole society.

For each age of QMS maturity, starting from the first year of certification, expected combination of benefits and disadvantages along with its expected value range and duration are defined. A set of indicators with their expected values.

One of the challenges in the prediction of fatigue crack growth is to identify representative initial flaws and defects that can cause fatigue crack initiation and subsequent crack growth. Representative initial flaws identified from this experimental study provided an essential input for the fatigue life assessment programme of the PC-9/A training aircraft currently in service. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

This paper addresses this challenge with a critical literature review and experimental assessment of initial flaw types that may cause fatigue crack initiation, by fatigue testing and fractography analysis using optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

With a focus on aluminium alloy (AA) 2024-T3 thin sheet, the results cover various discontinuities from microstructural constituent particles inherent from the material process to macrostructural defects and surface discontinuities (such as burrs and machining marks) introduced during the production of airframes. It was found that most fatigue cracks originated from the bore surface discontinuities of rivet holes in the PC-9 vertical stabiliser thin panels rather than microstructural material defects of AA2024-T3 inherent from the material process.

The experimental study has found that quantifying fatigue initial flaw sizes which resulted from poorly finished fastener holes with arbitrary discontinuities at the surface is a challenging topic. This topic is under the current investigation using a statistics based analysis of initial flaws in the prediction of fatigue crack growth.

The results obtained from this experimental study provided an essential input for the empennage and aft fuselage recertification and life assessment programme for the PC-9/A training aircraft currently in service.

This experimental study examined AA2024-T3 thin skin panels from two different PC-9/A aircraft. The post-test failure analysis using optical microscope and SEM found that machining defects dominate fatigue crack initiation that can result in subsequent crack propagation.