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This paper aims to promote a strength model for TiC-TiB2 composite ceramic with non-ellipsoidal particles bridging. Based on the microstructure of TiC-TiB2 composite ceramic, equivalent average residual stress under particles interaction is calculated with the interact direct derivative estimate. Supposing the crack opening displacement keeps ellipsoidal under the TiB2 particles bridging, crack growth resistance curve is obtained.

Composite strength under R-cure with crack unstable propagation is calculated. Based on this model, influences of particles volume fraction, shape, size and other parameters on strength are analyzed.

Results indicated that calculated values are consistent to the tested data. Crack growth resistance increases with crack propagation and TiB2 volume fraction. The TiB2 particle does not pull-out entirely even ceramic fracture. Ceramic strength increases with the TiB2 particle volume fraction, the ratio of platelet diameter and thickness, and it reduces with particle thickness.

Supposing the crack open displacement keeps ellipsoidal under the TiB2 particles bridging, crack growth resistance curve is obtained.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis on using two non‐conventional nonlinear estimating filters compared to the traditional linearized extended Kalman filter (EKF). This analysis will look at two state‐of‐the‐art applications and will provide insight to the problems associated with these applications.

The approach taken was to simulate both applications with three different filter designs: EKF, unscented Kalman filter, and particle filter. After results and explanations are given for both applications, then there is a comparison of results between the two applications to compare and contrast their findings.

This research shows how critical it is when selecting a filter for different applications. Not only is tuning the filter properly a necessity, but choosing a filter that is optimum for the application also greatly affects the accuracy and precision of the results.

As these filter methods are proven feasible for these applications, testing can move beyond simulation. Further research could compare other nonlinear filters to these results to determine if a better estimation technique exists.

This paper shows a lot of the issues one must face when choosing an estimation technique for their application as well as the impact the technique can have on the outcome.

This paper clearly describes the decision‐making criteria in regards to these two specific applications. These two applications are current technological problems that many are trying to solve. This paper shows where and why errors in calculations occur. It also offers insight into different ways to solve these problems when the specific application is taken into account.