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This study analyses configurations of national culture as boundary conditions of countries’ national systems of innovation (NSI). Drawing from the NSI approach, we argue that culture’s role is that of a contingency factor shaping the relationship between investments in innovation and national innovation outputs.

We assessed the moderation effect of national culture through a systematic, two-stage approach using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), which allows the analysis of changes induced by the moderator variables. Analyses were conducted with a diverse sample of 61 countries over a period spanning 12 years, from 2011 to 2022.

Findings reveal that investments in innovation, but not individual cultural dimensions, is a necessary condition for high innovation outputs. Furthermore, several configurations of cultural dimensions were identified as moderators of the relationship between investments in innovation and innovation outputs.

This study provides insights into cross-national innovation research by exposing the role of cultural configurations, rather than just individual cultural dimensions, as boundary conditions involved in the achievement of high levels of innovation.

This paper aims to explore the role played by the National Archives of South Africa in human rights promotion and protection. The study examined the challenges that archivists encounter when undertaking archival functions, such as acquisition, appraisal and access provision, that contribute to forming documentary archives crucial for human rights promotion and protection.

A review of literature dealing with acquisition, appraisal and access was used in this research. It was supplemented with interviews.

This paper provides recommendations of benefits in the field of archives management with a focus on the areas of acquisition, appraisal and access. The transformational discourse in the jurisdiction of archives management challenges archival institutions to be active players in selecting historical and cultural archives’ significance that is significant in human rights protections. However, despite judicial requirements that recommend the importance of archives, there is evidence that archival functions such as appraisal, acquisition and access are not being fully used, resulting in national archives institutions that are subject to irregularities that contribute to an unbalanced archives collection.

The paper was limited only to the National Archives of South Africa.

The paper makes practical implications concerning the acquisition, appraisal and providing access to human rights records.

Sufficient funding resource allocation ought to be provided to advance human rights promotion.

This paper offers informed recommendations to address the challenges of acquisition, appraisal and access provision of archive materials. The availability of archives materials reinforces the community by aiding to protect legal rights and prevent human rights violations. It was, thus, necessary to establish whether the National Archives of South Africa is actively building the archives collections that are important for human rights promotion and protection.

Zakat, one of the fundamental pillars of Islam, holds the potential to significantly contribute to fiscal consolidation, particularly in developing nations. However, the national-level potential of Zakat often remains unexplored. This study aims to explore the potential of national-level Zakat and the opportunity to integrate it into the fiscal framework.

This study estimates Zakat’s potential on national financial and economic components. The components include bank deposits, shares and securities, pensions (provident fund), industrial production and trade services, mining resources, Ushr on agro-crops and forestry, Ushr on livestock, Ushr on fishery, gross domestic product (GDP), national budget and national revenue. The study gathers data, ranging from FY2000 to FY2018, on national economic sectors from reliable secondary sources. The net value (NV) of each indicator is calculated as NV = TV − LA, where NV is the wage-adjusted net value after deducting the living adjustment (LA) value from the sectoral total. The proposed LA value, approximately 20%, is suggested to be deducted from the total sectoral value of each sector (excluding specific industries with preadjusted wages), equating to the Nisab value.

It is estimated that the aggregate potential of Zakat in Bangladesh was US$9,749m in FY2018, compared to US$809m in FY2000, revealing the value is 3.77% of GDP and 21% of the national fiscal budget. In FY2018, the service sector was the largest contributor (30%), followed by bank deposits (23%). Pension funds made minimal contributions, whereas shares and bonds, as well as the manufacturing sector, each made a 10% contribution to the estimated Zakat potential. Zakat on agriculture output accounted for 15% of the total. The aggregate potential Zakat in FY2018 was 12% higher than that in FY2000.

The paper highlights a novel contribution through its nuanced analysis of sector-specific Zakat on macrolevel data and its implications within the fiscal framework. The results suggest that Zakat has substantial potential to impact fiscal dynamics, providing valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to recognize the national-level Zakat for development plans such as the five-year plan. The study suggests piloting a central and independent national body to study the feasibility of national-level Zakat collection and its utilization in the fiscal budget. It will help the government reduce the burden of external debt and deficit budget and, instead, will promote revenue collection in collaboration with the National Board of Revenue.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the new Technical Report ISO 28118 “Performance measures for national libraries”.

The paper reports on the mission and main tasks of national libraries as defined by the technical report, and describes some 30 performance indicators including indicators that are specifically relevant to national libraries. The paper also explains the process by which indicators were selected and tested.

The rationale for the establishment of a new standard is examined and perspectives offered on its envisaged application and further development.

This paper gives an informative preview of the Technical Report which, at the time of writing, is in the process of being published. It serves as a useful introduction to the report for those who may wish to adopt the standard in future, and whilst primarily aimed at national libraries it is potentially relevant for regional libraries with similar tasks and missions.

To study the construction and planning of the library service facility system based on public digital culture teaching in international cultural metropolises, the main body of resources construction, channels, selection criteria, construction standards, user service policies, service methods and service objects of the National Digital Library of Russia were analyzed. The construction foundation, policy support and digital resource construction of the Chinese and Russian national digital libraries were compared. The results showed that the problem of digital copyright was solved while the library community was constructing digital resources according to the existing rules. Therefore, this method has certain implications for the construction of digital libraries in metropolitan areas in China.

The Secretary of State for Social Services, in exercise of powers conferred by sections 45, 49(l)(a) and 50(l)(a)(ii) of the National Insurance Act 1965 and paragraphs 17 and 18 of Schedule 11 to that Act, section 11(1) of the National Insurance Act 1966, as amended by section 6(1) of the National Insurance Act 1972 and paragraph 13 of Schedule 4 to the National Insurance Act 1974, paragraph 3 of Schedule 6 to the National Insurance Act 1969 and section 1 of the National Insurance Act 1970, and of all other powers enabling her in that behalf, and in conjunction with the Treasury so far as relates to matters with regard to which the Treasury have so directed, hereby makes the following regulations, which contain no provisions other than such as are made in consequence of the National Insurance Act 1974 and which accordingly, by virtue of paragraph 2(l)(a) of Schedule 5 to that Act, are exempt from the requirements of section 108 of the National Insurance Act 1965 (reference to the National Insurance Advisory Committee):—

New Zealand is a small nation with experience and challenges in the area of interlending that have relevance for both developed and less developed countries. The National Library of New Zealand operates in a political environment that is committed to ensuring effective control and value for money of public expenditure. Employing both well tested professional strategies and the opportunities opened up by new technologies, the National Library is committed to maximising national access to library resources through facilitating interlibrary lending and document delivery. In mid‐1999 the National Library replaced the automated interlibrary lending module of its national bibliographic utility with a fully standards‐compliant facility. Central to this system is the automated national union catalogue and library directory service maintained by the National Library. The Library also has a history of working in partnership with the library profession to manage a national resource‐sharing cooperative.

Traditionally the application of national criminal law is limited to national territory. According to the territorial principle — which takes a central place in most jurisdictions — the active corruption of national officials or public officers, provided it is committed on national territory, can give rise to prosecution, irrespective of the question whether the offender is a national or a foreigner. As for acts of passive corruption committed on national territory the same principle applies: as a rule, prosecution of the corrupted national official will be possible by virtue of the national provisions concerning criminal proceedings and the determination of the competent court.

The paper briefly reviewed the characteristics and functions of national libraries in general. It then gave an overview of the National Library of Nigeria (NLN) with special reference to the laws that established it and its functions. The survey was narrowly focused on the present state of the Bauchi State Branch of the National Library of Nigeria. It was found that this branch library is not fully equipped and funded to serve as a bibliographical centre and clearing house to the State. It has also not been effective in providing advisory service on library development and organisation to departments and agencies in the State. Finally, several recommendations were made to improve upon the present level of performance of the NLN Bauchi Branch.

An Act to amend the provisions of the National Insurance Act 1965, the National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1965 and the Industrial Injuries and Diseases (Old Cases) Act 1967 as to the rate or amount of contributions and benefit; to make further provision as to death grant under the National Insurance Act 1965, as to the assessment of disablement under the National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) Act 1965 and, for purposes of those and certain other Acts, as to the introduction of a decimal currency; to make temporary provision consequential on or related to the matters aforesaid; and for other purposes connected therewith. [25th July 1969]