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This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/14664100010332964. When citing the article, please cite: Mark Simmonds, Jane Petterson, (2000), “Anaesthetistsʼ records of pre-operative assessment”, British Journal of Clinical Governance, Vol. 5 Iss 1 pp. 22 - 27.

For this study 334 patients during their stay in the recovery room were assigned to the following groups: ‘comfortable’, in ‘pain’ and in ‘severe pain’. Fourteen per cent of patients awoke from anaesthesia in ‘pain’ and 10% were discharged to the ward in ‘pain’. Thirty‐seven per cent of patients using patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) in the recovery room were discharged in ‘pain’; 63% of these patients had neither been prescribed nor given a ‘loading dose’ in the recovery room. Forty‐eight per cent of patients receiving sole intramuscular opioid analgesia were discharged in ‘pain’. Ninety per cent who received nurse‐administered ‘prn’ intravenous bolus opioids were discharged ‘comfortable’. An algorithm was therefore developed for the administration of loading doses of intravenous opioids in the recovery unit to be used by recovery nursing staff prior to PCA or other analgesic methods. An early re‐audit established that the algorithm became widely adopted by anaesthetists, was safe and produced comparable discharge pain scores.

During recent international debates concerning the potential resumption of commercial whaling, whale meat has frequently been promoted as a good food. Recent research into the diet of Faroe Islanders and Inuit Indians has revealed that consumption of marine mammal tissues can cause them to exceed recommended intake levels for various pollutants. Whales throughout the world have been found to accumulate high concentrations of lipophilic compounds and, while the precise health risks associated are unclear, the findings for the Faroe Islanders and Inuits may prove not to be unique, particularly if commercial whaling is resumed. Reviews available data on contaminant values and related effects.

The pre‐operative anaesthetic records of 195 patients were analysed for the presence of 12 agreed core items of pre‐operative assessment. This study showed that anaesthetists recorded 26.8 per cent of this information. In up to one‐third of patients the following were recorded: smoking history, family history, gastro‐oesophageal reflux, airway assessment, dental assessment, chest examination, heart‐sounds and blood pressure. Previous anaesthesia, drug history and allergies were recorded in one to two‐thirds of patients. Past medical history was recorded in over two‐thirds of patients. With a view to improving the level of record‐keeping, a formatted, pre‐printed pre‐operative assessment record was introduced into practice and two months later the audit was repeated. A small but non‐significant improvement in record keeping was observed. An argument is made for the introduction of an interdisciplinary, unified anaesthetic pre‐operative record.

The purpose of this paper is to report on the extent to which major contractors are delivering what can be termed “considerate construction”, using case studies of housing and education projects in the UK, identify areas for improvement, particularly in the area of community engagement practices used by contractors.

A list of key themes relating to community engagement is developed and used as a framework for case studies of projects being built by a major, multi‐disciplinary contractor that routinely registers projects with the Considerate Constructors Scheme.

This research found evidence of a range of effective practices, but there is still scope for improvement. Seemingly better examples were found in projects in which the contractor took a partnered approach with both client and community, retained community relation expertise on staff, and took appropriate, timely action.

The case studies are based in the Southeast of England and focus on housing and educational projects, so the lessons learned may not apply in all instances. Practices may also vary from one contractor to another.

The findings have implications for community engagement procedures used in construction projects. There are specific recommendations relating to the professional training of construction project managers, who need to be better equipped to deal with the local general public.

The research complements the existing academic and industry literature on considerate construction and makes both strategic and practical recommendations to enhance on‐site community engagement practices. Thus it is of interest to both researchers and practitioners.

Entrepreneurship, Business Strategy, Leadership, Marketing and Decision-making in business.

This case is suitable for graduate-level programmes in business management as well as executive education programmes.

Stuart Gold, CEO of Trashy Bags is at a crossroads with respect to the future of his business. With deficits estimated at about GHS 120,000 annually, Gold is considering switching from the made-to-stock production model to a made-to-order model. Although the latter may tap into an available market and thus boost revenue, it would likely result in the displacement of the social enterprise’s loyal following and disenfranchisement of its employees’ creativity; not to mention the possibility of neglecting its mandate of repurposing plastic waste. Gold wonders if there is a case for maintaining the current made-to-stock model by driving up sales and reducing costs to eliminate the deficit.

Students should be able to: appreciate the exigencies of managing social enterprises in a largely profit-oriented economic domain; understand the interplay of choice and trade-offs in business management and apply theory-driven frameworks in making optimal choices and analytically assess instances of tension between the art (e.g. passion, emotional stakes, psychological and other influences on business management philosophies) and science (e.g. the need for business skills, use of effective models and the quest for production efficiency) of business management.

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CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

This paper aims to address how management knowledge transferred through Western management education programmes is effectively perceived and applied to decisions by Chinese managers, who have a cultural background quite different from their Western counterparts.

The paper first examines Western management concepts under Chinese culture and second reviews the development and status of Western Master of Business Administration (MBA) programmes in China. Third, the framework of a three‐dimension knowledge transfer model first developed in the USA is used to study the effectiveness of the transfer of academic management concepts to working managers in China through their perception of source, familiarity and usefulness of the concepts. A quantitative approach employing non‐probability sampling method is adopted to survey a group of working managers enrolled in a Western MBA programme in Xi'an.

The result shows education to be a much more important source of management knowledge for the Chinese managers than for their US counterparts who regard it as the least important.

Generalized interpretation of the results should be cautioned due to the limited scope of the study and the nature of non‐probability sampling method.

The findings form a basis for further research in how cultural differences between the West and China are tempering the effectiveness of Western MBA programmes to Chinese working managers so that educators can better design their management programmes for China.

In 1899 the medical practitioners of Dublin were confronted with an outbreak of a peculiar and obscure illness, characterised by symptoms which were very unusual. For want of a better explanation, the disorder, which seemed to be epidemic, was explained by the simple expedient of finding a name for it. It was labelled as “beri‐beri,” a tropical disease with very much the same clinical and pathological features as those observed at Dublin. Papers were read before certain societies, and then as the cases gradually diminished in number, the subject lost interest and was dropped.

This study examines the moderating effect of international involvement on the relationship between two dimensions of managerial tenure and firm performance. Data for 89 Fortune 500 firms of varying levels of international involvement were gathered and analyzed. The results of the empirical examination provided significant support for the moderating effect of internationalization on the relationship between top management team tenure and firm performance. In general, in firms with relatively higher levels of foreign involvement, teams with higher organizational tenure and lower job tenure realized superior performance outcomes.