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Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid; C2H7NO3S) is a nonprotein sulfur-containing β-amino acid present in nearly all mammalian tissues and the most ubiquitous free endogenous biomolecule in human cells. Taurine is commonly known as a conditionally essential amino acid because taurine is one of the few amino acids that are not incorporated in protein synthesis. The purpose of this study is to review the existing articles related to taurine and to give an account how useful is taurine to the different body systems. In this thorough overview, taurine is covered in terms of its essentiality, sources, advantages for neonates and the elderly, the effects of taurine deficiency, and the safety and toxicity of taurine supplements.

This is a narrative review into the subject matter. Published articles were searched on different portals like PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubChem etc. The authors also evaluated the availability of taurine in commercially available energy drinks.

This comprehensive review, presents the potential clinical benefits and functional properties of taurine as a conditionally essential amino acid. Energy drinks containing taurine (and their concentration) are also reported in this review.

This is the first data that the authors are aware of that shows taurine content in a variety of energy drinks on the market.

The major objective of this research work was to evaluate various physico-chemical characteristics, such as, chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, objective color and texture profile analysis (TPA) of the wheat flour/chickpea flour (CF) blends, so that nutritious baked products could be consumed by the type-2 diabetic persons.

Wholegrain wheat flour (WGF) and white wheat flour (WWF) were substituted with CF at 0 to 40% levels. These wheat flour/CF blends were analyzed for proximate composition, the prepared dough and baked breads were tested for objective color, antioxidant capacity as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total phenolic content (TPC) and TPA.

WGF had the highest TEAC (117.42 mM/100g) value, followed by WWF (73.98 mM/100g) and CF (60.67 mM/100g). TEAC, MDA and TPC values varied significantly among all the three flour samples.

Inclusion of whole chickpea (without dehulling) flour in such type of blends would be another interesting investigation during the future research studies.

These research findings have a great potential for the production of these baked products for human consumption on an industrial scale.

Production of breads using wheat flour and CF blends would benefits the consumers.

Production of Arabic and pan breads using wheat flour and CF blends would, therefore, combine the benefits of both the needed proteins of plant origin and the health-promoting bioactive compounds, in a most sustainable way for the consumers.

The purpose of the paper is to report a case of bilateral inferior iridoschisis who underwent cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation successfully with the help of iris hooks or pupillary expanders.

A 71-year-old male presented with inferior iridoschisis in both eyes, history of angle closure glaucoma (ACG), cataract and shallow anterior chamber (AC) angles inferiorly. A localized area of iris stroma is cleaved in two with anterior atrophic portion disintegrating into fibrils from the posterior stroma, and muscle layer is termed as iridoschisis. Iridoschisis is a rare condition associated with fibrillary iris degeneration, narrow drainage angles and cataract.

Preoperative and postoperative ocular examination, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure and degrees of iris damage, was evaluated. Cataract surgery was performed under topical anesthesia with flexible iris hooks. There were no intraoperative complications whereas marked corneal edema was shown at immediate postoperative period but subsided completely in two weeks’ time. Visual acuity improved from 20/60 to 20/25.

This case report demonstrates that while iridoschisis care during cataract surgery has been reported to be difficult, cataract extraction was managed using iris hooks.

This paper reports the successful management of cataract in a patient with bilateral inferior iridoschisis.