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Recycling technology for printed wiring boards (PWBs) with mounted electronic components was studied for the purpose of disassembling the boards, recovering useful materials, and reusing these materials. An automatic removal method was developed for the electronic components on the basis of a combination of heating to above the solder melting temperature and applying impacting the shearing forces. Most of the electronic components were recovered undamaged and the solder was able to be recovered as particles. The solder remaining on the board was recovered by abrading the board surface and by using a heating‐impacting process. After these processes, the resin board (a cured epoxy resin board reinforced with glass fibre)was pulverised and separated into a copper‐rich powder (copper: 82 Wt%) and a glass fibre and resin mixture powder (glass fibre‐resin powder) by gravimetric and electrostatic methods. The recovered electronic components, solder and copper‐rich powder were used as valuable metal resources for refining. Moreover, the recovered glass fibre‐resin powder was found to be a useful filler for plastic products such as epoxy resin and ABS (acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer) resin.

Privatization is one of the ways governments consider to dispense with the consequences of governmental economy in the economic reforms. One of the complex matters that governments face is decision-making in privatization and choosing policies and methods that move the country’s economy toward more efficiency. Considering the importance and complexity of this issue, taking a comprehensive strategic perspective by the policy makers seems necessary for establishing successful privatization.

Article 44 of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s constitution is the foundation of its privatization program and this study specifies the strategic requirements in implementation of privatization based on the mentioned article and other legal documents. Iran Privatization Organization (IPO) is the single executor of the program and we surveyed all members of the statistical population of this study, including all experts, supervisors, managers, deputies, and senior advisers of IPO to collect the required information by a questionnaire with some questions including strategic thinking, requirements, and results.

To analyze the data, at first, validity and reliability of the collected data, then the correlation between strategic thinking and requirements were tested and all strategic requirements of privatization were prioritized. We used tests such as Cronbach’s Alpha, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Linear Regression, and Friedman to perform the study.

This paper evaluates and assesses the competitiveness of airports by analyzing the efficiency of those in Northeast Asia. This research implemented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compare the competitiveness of airport efficiency and Decision Making Unit (DMU), which was selected by the top ranking freight operations among the airports in this region. Due to the lack of previous research with regard to the competitiveness of hub concentrated airports in air cargo volume, the variables have been screened for selection through referential documents and records related to air freight. Finally, aviation freight experts assisted in the final selection of the relevant variables for this research. The result of the analysis show that the larger airports in Northeast Asia are positively correlated with higher efficiency. In contrast, inefficient airports have suffered from over capacity or insufficient input.

The purpose of this paper is to present an update and the latest results from work on a project aimed at enabling waste printed circuit board (WPCB) recycling to become more environmentally friendly and efficient.

A new system was proposed and studied individually under laboratory and factory conditions, which consisted of lossless component removal, component classification, waste crushing/separating processes, and application of crushed non‐metallic particles to develop resin composites.

The use of these novel processes, including component lossless removal, component classification, waste crushing/separating processes, and application of crushed non‐metallic particles to develop resin composites can be combined to give a more sustainable treatment process for printed circuit boards recycling.

Most parts of the WPCBs recycling system have been used. Further development work should be undertaken to establish the whole system in a factory‐scale environment in order to enhance the system efficiency.

The paper details how individual treatment technologies can be combined to enable a more environmentally friendly and efficient system for treatment of WPCBs which offers the benefits of reducing pollution and complete resource recovery for WPCBs.

The feasibility and desirability of reverse logistics in market-motivated contexts are examined in China. Interactions between the major barriers, that hinder or prevent the application of reverse logistics in China are analyzed. Management’s key task is to diagnose barriers to the application of reverse logistics that could be crucial to the organization’s future survival. Simultaneity, a value delivery system exists to create value for customers and environments by supplying needed products and services. Value delivery systems are at the heart of every firm and, more than anything else, determine that, whether the firm survives in the marketplace or disappears into bankruptcy or takeover. The processes and model of market-motivated reverse logistics value delivery system are discussed, and the processes content and model are presented. Simultaneity, based on the advantage of the Third Party Reverse Logistics Providers (3PRLs) and Outsourced Service Providers, an integrated evaluation model is built to select 3PRLs by using the integrated decision-making methods. Reflecting the comprehensive information requirement, the Analytic Hierarchy Process and entropy approaches are applied to calculate the objective weights. A new kind of relative similarity degree is established by combining the Euclidean distance with the grey correlation degree. An example demonstrates the model’s efficiency.

The various electronic component parts and materials that are used in the construction of spacecraft electronic boxes have been chemically analysed. An elemental distribution is recorded for items that include paint, aluminium alloy structure, printed circuit boards and their soldered joints, attachment screws and ten different conventional leaded components. This data may be of use to future projects and to those involved in recycling electronic hardware.

The purpose of this study is to uncover ways to enhance the growth of micro tailoring businesses by assessing the socio-economic and socio-cultural environments at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP).

The study used a qualitative research design involving a multiple case study with data from semi-structured interview and non-participant observation.

The study reveals how micro tailoring businesses modify tailoring practices to cope with the religious practice of seclusion and use entrepreneurial actions to deal with unstable electricity, inadequate finance and conditions of extreme poverty that limit the growth of micro tailoring businesses at the BOP.

The qualitative nature of this study with a focus on micro tailoring businesses in BOP context could limit the generalization of findings. However, replication of the study can be done in other contexts to validate the findings.

The study shows the need for entrepreneurial leadership which continually modifies tailoring practices in ways that sustain tailoring businesses and circumvent the possibility of failure in adverse socio-economic and socio-cultural conditions.

This study is the first to unravel the experiences of micro tailoring businesses at the BOP. Past studies have assessed barriers to the growth of small and medium scale enterprises in general, but this study uncovers the distinct aspects of tailoring business in a largely under-researched context.

This study aims to sketch a bibliometric portrait of the International Journal of Innovation Science (IJIS) and attempts to evaluate its publication patterns from 2011 to 2020 by unfolding the key aspects of its publication trends for the audience of the journal and scholars of bibliometric studies as well.

This study analyzes papers published in the IJIS from 2011 to 2020 by using the required bibliometric measures to analyze the key aspects of the publishing trends of IJIS.

This study finds that a total of 487 authors published 271 articles in IJIS during 2011–2020. The USA leads the table with 89 papers followed by India (29 papers) and China (26 papers). The degree of collaboration in IJIS ranged from 0.36 to 0.94. Moreover, this study finds that the keyword “design/methodology/approach” is the central theme of research in IJIS around which all other keywords revolve.

This study focuses on the publication patterns of the IJIS over a period of ten years. Patterns of research output in 271 publications are comprehended and analyzed. For making a ten-year bibliometric study, the papers published before 2011 were excluded from the purview of research.

Readers of the IJIS, teachers and research scholars interested in bibliometric studies can benefit from insights into the scholarly papers published in IJIS from 2011 to 2020.

This study would provide the readers of IJIS to ascertain significant contributions, top cited papers, the most prolific authors, geographical distribution of papers, keyword co-occurrence and bibliographic coupling.

The construction of industrial park in the current development model of circular economy has been widely regarded as one of the important modes of macroeconomic exploration all over the world. Therefore, the research on the application of multi-project management theory based on circular economy in the construction of industrial park was proposed in this paper. First, the circular economy and multi-project management theory were expounded in detail. Then, the geographical location of multi project management in Qingyuan recycled plastic industrial park in Guangdong Province and the distribution of each building community were explained. And on this basis, the construction of the park's production, plant areas, residential areas and the planning objectives after completion were analyzed in detail. On the basis of analysis, the multi project management model used in the park was explained. It is pointed out that the construction of the park should be based on its own planning and practical needs, and the appropriate multi project management model should be chosen.