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For libraries with limited resources, digital preservation can seem like a daunting responsibility. Forming partnerships can help build collective knowledge and maximize combined resources to achieve digital preservation goals. This paper aims to provide guidance to help libraries with limited resources achieve digital preservation goals by forming partnerships to build collective knowledge and maximize combined resources.

In 2015, librarians from four Montana institutions formed the Digital Preservation Working Group (DPWG), a collaboration to increase digital preservation efforts statewide. The group’s immediate goals were to promote digital preservation best-practices at each individual institution, and to learn about and support each other’s work. The group’s long-term goal was to implement a shared digital preservation service that would fill gaps in existing digital preservation efforts.

Beyond the cost savings gained by sharing a digital preservation service, the members of DPWG benefitted from shared knowledge and expertise gained during the partnership. The group also functioned as a sounding board as each institution built its digital preservation program, and it became a system of support when challenges arose.

This paper proposes a five-point plan for creating digital preservation partnerships: cultivate a foundation of knowledge and identify a shared vision; assess the current digital preservation landscape at each institution; advocate for the value of digital preservation activities; implement shared digital preservation services; and sustain group activities and establish structures for ongoing support.

The activities of DPWG provide a model for institutions seeking to collaborate to meet digital preservation challenges. This paper shows that by implementing a structured plan, institutions can build and sustain digital preservation partnerships, thus positioning themselves to achieve digital preservation success.

The Pareto optimum is usually described as a production or an exchange situation, or some combination, where no further improvement can be made to the position of one participant without harming that of another, and movements toward it are termed “efficient”. Perhaps most economists take the opening premise, that good is what the individual wants, in guarded fashion and view the technical demonstration of improvements in exchange and production situations as curious devices which nevertheless offer people with different philosophies of the good a rigorous method for agreeing on what is better. Now, it is my purpose in this article to argue that the substance and techniques of Pareto‐type reasoning cannot be reconciled with social as opposed to individualistic thought; and to sustain this view I shall (i) recall the substance of Pareto's argument (ii) outline several key objections to it (iii) examine the meaning of “social”, and (iv) criticise versions of altruism offered by Hockman and Rodgers and Becker.

THE Reference Department of Paisley Central Library today occupies the room which was the original Public Library built in 1870 and opened to the public in April 1871. Since that date two extensions to the building have taken place. The first, in 1882, provided a separate room for both Reference and Lending libraries; the second, opened in 1938, provided a new Children's Department. Together with the original cost of the building, these extensions were entirely financed by Sir Peter Coats, James Coats of Auchendrane and Daniel Coats respectively. The people of Paisley indeed owe much to this one family, whose generosity was great. They not only provided the capital required but continued to donate many useful and often extremely valuable works of reference over the many years that followed. In 1975 Paisley Library was incorporated in the new Renfrew District library service.

Although brand loyalty has been cited by practitioners as one of the most important sponsorship objectives, there is little empirical research on the effect that sponsorship has on sports fans' loyalty towards sponsoring brands. Comparing a sample of NASCAR fans to a sample of non-NASCAR fans, brand loyalty towards NASCAR sponsors was measured using a scale that includes both attitudinal and behavioural components. It was found that NASCAR fans exhibited stronger brand loyalty than non-NASCAR fans to NASCAR sponsoring brands of beer, particularly on the attitudinal component of brand loyalty. Furthermore, it was found that NASCAR fans' loyalty to NASCAR sponsoring brands is significantly higher for those fans who scored high on a scale that measures fan identification. Again, this effect was significant on the attitudinal factor of brand loyalty, but not the behavioural factor.

This study aims at identifying Andrews University's students' perceptions, behavior, use, and attitudes towards e‐textbook and e‐books in general.

In the Fall semester of 2001‐2012, Andrews University's bookstore offered 74 e‐textbooks for purchase. The teachers who had the opportunity of using these e‐textbooks for their classes were asked to distribute two questionnaires to their students: one to those who chose to buy and use the e‐textbook and a slightly different one to those who chose the traditional print textbook. The results were tabulated and compared to the results of similar studies since 2001.

A 65 percent return rate was obtained. Several findings closely replicate results of many studies on this area. For more than a decade, studies show that students prefer the hardcover book over the e‐book for their studies. Lack of awareness, not knowing how to get it, eyestrain, and difficulty of reading are the main culprits for students not using e‐books more often. However, those who use e‐books report they are generally satisfied. Students would like to enjoy fewer restrictions on printing and copying, PDA accessibility, more titles in their area of studies and better e‐book readers. They do not usually read e‐books cover to cover. The library is not their main point of entry or search for e‐books. Students value portability, instant access, light weight and ability to store large amounts of materials.

The sample population was limited to the classes which had access to an e‐textbook. A broader and more complete understanding could have been obtained if the study included all of the student population. It is not possible to generalize the findings due to the fact that the study was done in a specific academic setting.

Universities and libraries are highly engaged in this topic at the present moment. Results of studies like this one will provide data useful for collection development policies and the pedagogy adopted by faculty in the classroom.

This is a topic that is of increasing importance in all parts of the world, and is affecting how people and, more specifically, students read and learn. It has the potential of changing reading habits and how students absorb information and knowledge, as well as how they use libraries.

E‐books will have a definitive impact in new models of acquiring, accessing, and distributing information materials for and to the academic community. The paper will help the library better understand students' preferences and study habits which will have an impact on decisions regarding types of services it should provide and collection building decisions.

The purpose of this paper is to use cloud storage in digital preservation by analyzing the pricing and data retrieval models. The author recommends strategies to minimize the costs and believes cloud storage is worthy of serious consideration.

Few articles have been published to show the uses of cloud storage in libraries. The cost is the main concern. An overview of cloud storage pricing shows a price drop once every one or one-and-a-half years. The author emphasize the data transfer-out costs and demonstrate a case study. Comparisons and analysis of S3 and Glacier have been conducted to show the differences in retrieval and costs.

Cloud storage solutions like Glacier can be very attractive for long-term digital preservation if data can be operated within the provider’s same data zone and data transfer-out can be minimized.

Institutions can benefit from cloud storage by understanding the cost models and data retrieval models. Multiple strategies are suggested to minimize the costs.

The paper is intended to bridge the gap of uses of cloud storage. Cloud storage pricing especially data transfer-out pricing charts are presented to show the price drops over the past eight years. Costs and analysis of storing and retrieving data in Amazon S3 and Glacier are discussed in details. Comparisons of S3 and Glacier show that Glacier has uniqueness and advantages over other cloud storage solutions. Finally strategies are suggested to minimize the costs of using cloud storage. The analysis shows that cloud storage can be very useful in digital preservation.

Food choices profoundly affect one's dietary, nutritional and health outcomes. Using alcoholic beverages as a case study, the authors assess the potential of genetic data in predicting consumers' food choices combined with conventional socio-demographic data.

A discrete choice experiment was conducted to elicit the underlying preferences of 484 participants from seven provinces in China. By linking three types of data (—data from the choice experiment, socio-demographic information and individual genotyping data) of the participants, the authors employed four machine learning-based classification (MLC) models to assess the performance of genetic information in predicting individuals' food choices.

The authors found that the XGBoost algorithm incorporating both genetic and socio-demographic data achieves the highest prediction accuracy (77.36%), significantly outperforming those using only socio-demographic data (permutation test p-value = 0.033). Polygenic scores of several behavioral traits (e.g. depression and height) and genetic variants associated with bitter taste perceptions (e.g. TAS2R5 rs2227264 and TAS2R38 rs713598) offer contributions comparable to that of standard socio-demographic factors (e.g. gender, age and income).

This study is among the first in the economic literature to empirically demonstrate genetic factors' important role in predicting consumer behavior. The findings contribute fresh insights to the realm of random utility theory and warrant further consumer behavior studies integrating genetic data to facilitate developments in precision nutrition and precision marketing.

This study aims to determine the influence of relationship marketing on consumer behavior in the fine arts sector. Specifically, it examines the relationship marketing dynamics that significantly impact art enthusiasts' intention to purchase and their satisfaction with the artist.

The proposed model was tested through the “structural equation modeling” technique to explain how and to what extent each variable affected purchase intention and satisfaction. Using a paper-based and online survey method to gather data, the authors analyzed 303 responses from art students, art collectors and art dealers in Mongolia. Eight hypotheses, including two mediating hypotheses, were developed and tested.

The results indicated that relationship investment and communication significantly influence trust, satisfaction and purchase intention, while trust significantly influences satisfaction and purchase intention. The study also assessed the vital role of trust as a mediator.

The study's results provide insights that may help artists, art collectors and art dealers promote and improve the sales of their art products. The interactions demonstrated between the construct reveal essential implications for art marketers interested in relationship marketing strategies.

This study is the first to explore the application of relationship marketing in the fine arts industry.