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Petroleum hydrocarbons are naturally occurring flammable fossil fuels used as conventional energy sources. It has carcinogenic, mutagenic properties and is considered a hazardous pollutant. Soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons adversely affects the properties of soil. This paper aim to remove pollutants from the environment is an urgent need of the hour to maintain the proper functioning of soil ecosystems.

The ability of micro-organisms to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons makes it possible to use these microorganisms to clean the environment from petroleum pollution. For preparing this review, research papers and review articles related to petroleum hydrocarbons degradation by micro-organisms were collected from journals and various search engines.

Various physical and chemical methods are used for remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminants. However, these methods have several disadvantages. This paper will discuss a novel understanding of petroleum hydrocarbons degradation and how micro-organisms help in petroleum-contaminated soil restoration. Bioremediation is recognized as the most environment-friendly technique for remediation. The research studies demonstrated that bacterial consortium have high biodegradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons ranging from 83% to 89%.

Proper management of petroleum hydrocarbons pollutants from the environment is necessary because of their toxicity effects on human and environmental health.

This paper discussed novel mechanisms adopted by bacteria for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation pathways, genes and enzymes involved in petroleum hydrocarbons biodegradation.

This review paper delves into the comprehensive understanding of Ashwagandha, spanning its botanic occurrence, conventional applications, extraction techniques and pivotal role in addressing various disorders.

Introduction Ashwagandha, also known as Withania somnifera, is a remarkable botanical resource with a rich history of use in traditional medicine.

In botany, Withania somnifera thrives in diverse ecosystems, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Its extensive distribution across regions, the Canary Islands, South Africa, the Middle East, Sri Lanka, India and China underscores its adaptability and resilience. The traditional uses of Ashwagandha in Ayurvedic and indigenous medicine systems have persisted for over 3,000 years. With over 6,000 plant species utilized historically, India, often regarded as the “botanical garden of the world,” has firmly established Ashwagandha as a cornerstone in traditional healing practices.

Extraction methods play a pivotal role in harnessing the therapeutic potential of Ashwagandha. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography are among the techniques employed to obtain the key bioactive compounds. Ashwagandha’s significance in modern medicine is underscored by its potential to address a spectrum of health issues. The multifaceted bioactivity of Ashwagandha is attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, heart conditions, metabolic disorders, renal ailments, hepatic diseases and adaptogenic properties, making it a subject of increasing interest in contemporary medical research. This review synthesizes the assorted perspectives of Ashwagandha, from its botanical roots and conventional employments to its advanced extraction strategies and its intention to basic well-being challenges, advertising important bits of knowledge for analysts, specialists and healthcare experts alike.

Millets are underused crops that have the potential to withstand harsh environmental conditions. Recent research has proved immense nutritional benefits associated with millets which have increased their utilization to some extent but yet their sole potential is left to be exploited. Different millet varieties have exceptional nutritional and nutraceutical properties which can ameliorate even the deadly conditions of cancers. They have significant protein composition ranging from 10% to 12% which possess effective bioactive potential. Protein hydrolysates containing bioactive peptides have been evaluated for their therapeutic effects against a variety of diseases. This review aims to discuss the bioactive potential of different millet protein hydrolysates to encourage research for development of effective natural therapeutics.

The present article elaborates on effective studies on the therapeutic effects of millet protein hydrolysates.

Several effective millet peptides have been reported for their therapeutic effect against different diseases and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial and antidiabetic effects have been investigated.

This review focuses on millet bioactive peptides and their significance in treating variety of diseases. Thus, will further encourage research to explore the novel therapeutic effects of millet proteins hydrolysates which can eventually result in the development of natural and safe therapeutics.

Sustainable textiles have become imperative in mitigating the adverse environmental and social impacts of the textile industry. This paper aims to synthesize recent advancements and key considerations in sustainable textile development, emphasizing their role in promoting environmental stewardship, social responsibility and economic viability.

The literature search has been conducted by identifying and articulating the previous studies related to integrating the latest cutting-edge techniques with functional textiles.

Future-generation textiles (FGTs), which incorporate state-of-the-art developments in materials, technologies and functionalities, herald a paradigm-shifting period in the textile industry. FGTs mark a new era in this dynamic world by igniting conversations about their mechanisms, problems, progress to date and potential future applications. This investigation covers a wide range of topics, including wearable electronics, nanotechnology, 3D printing, recycling, machine learning and energy harvesting. Key components include sustainability, functionality, intelligent integration, advanced manufacturing processes and multifunctionality. The paper highlights the potential benefits of smart textiles, wearable technology, improved performance and sustainability through advances in customization and security.

It is an original review work. This paper will be helpful for manufacturers and researchers in the smart wearable textile sector in developing innovative techniques for multifunctional garments by integrating cutting-edge technology.

This study aims to investigate the corrosion inhibitor effect of migrating corrosion inhibitor (MCI) on Q235 steel in high alkaline environment under cathodic polarization.

This study investigated the electrochemical characteristics of Q235 steel with and without MCI by polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Besides, the surface composition of Q235 steel under different environments was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, the migration characteristic of MCI and the adsorption behavior of MCI under cathodic polarization were studied using Raman spectroscopy.

Diethanolamine (DEA) and N, N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) can inhibit the increase of Fe(II) in the oxide film of Q235 steel under cathodic polarization. The adsorption stability of DMEA film was higher under cathodic polarization potential, showing a higher corrosion inhibition ability. The corrosion inhibition mechanism of DEA and DMEA under cathodic polarization potential was proposed.

The MCI has a broad application prospect in the repair of damaged reinforced concrete due to its unique migratory characteristics. The interaction between MCIs, rebar and concrete with different compositions has been studied, but the passivation behavior of the steel interface in the presence of both the migrating electric field and corrosion inhibitors has been neglected. And it was investigated in this paper.

The widespread use of washing machines in textile dyeing and finishing boosts product quality while leading to significant wastewater production. This wastewater poses environmental risks due to the textile industry's high pollution levels and water consumption. Sustainability hinges on minimizing water usage and treating wastewater for reuse. This study employs Matlab R2020a and Python 2023 to model experimental designs for treating textile production wastewater using the Fenton oxidation method, aiming to address sustainability concerns in the industry.

The Fenton oxidation process's efficacy and optimal operating conditions were determined through experimental sets employing the Box–Behnken design. Assessing machine learning algorithms on the data, Matlab R2020a utilized an artificial neural network (ANN), while Python 2023 employed support vector regression (SVR), decision trees (DT), and random forest (RF) models. Evaluation of model performance relied on regression coefficient (R2) and mean square error (MSE) outcomes. This methodology aimed to refine the Fenton oxidation process and identify the most efficient parameters, leveraging a combination of experimental design and advanced computational techniques across different programming platforms.

The study identified optimal conditions: pH 3, Fe+2 concentration of 0.75 g/L, and H2O2 concentration of 5 mM, yielding 87% COD removal. The Box–Behnken design achieved a high R2 of 0.9372, indicating precise predictions. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR) exhibited successful applications, notably achieving an R2 of 0.99936 and low MSE of 0.00416 in the ANN (LOGSIG) model. However, decision trees (DT) and random forests (RF) proved less effective with limited datasets. The findings underscore technology integration in treatment modeling and the environmental imperative of wastewater purification and reuse.

This study, in which water use and wastewater treatment are evaluated with technological integration such as machine learning and data management, reveals how to contribute to targets 6, 9, 12, and 14 within the scope of UNEP 2030 sustainable development goals.

This paper aims to contribute to the performance improvement and the broader application of hot-dip galvanized coating.

First, the ability to provide barrier protection, galvanic protection, and corrosion product protection provided by hot-dip galvanized coating is introduced. Then, according to the varying Fe content, the growth process of each sublayer within the hot-dip galvanized coating, as well as their respective microstructures and physical properties, is presented. Finally, the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of the different sublayers are analyzed.

The hot-dip galvanized coating is composed of η-Zn sublayer, ζ-FeZn13 sublayer, δ-FeZn10 sublayer, and Γ-Fe3Zn10 sublayer. Among these sublayers, with the increase in Fe content, the corrosion potential moves in a noble direction.

There is a lack of research on the corrosion behavior of each sublayer of hot-dip galvanized coating in different electrolytes.

It provides theoretical guidance for the microstructure control and performance improvement of hot-dip galvanized coatings.

The formation mechanism, coating properties, and corrosion behavior of different sublayers in hot-dip galvanized coating are expounded, which offers novel insights and directions for future research.

This study aims to develop eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in acidic media by evaluating the corrosion inhibition properties of corn leaf extract (CLE) using response surface methodology (RSM) and experiments.

The RSM was combined with experiments to evaluate the corrosion inhibition properties of CLE on aluminum in acid media.

The effectiveness of the inhibition increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and time but decreased with increasing temperature. The corrosion inhibition mechanism revealed the corrosion process is spontaneous exothermic physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters revealed an activation energy between 32.1 and 24.7 kJ/mol, energy of adsorption between −14.53 and −65.07 and Gibbs free energy of −10.12 kJ/mol which indicated the CLE exothermically spontaneously physisorbed. A model was generated to estimate the effect of the process parameters (inhibitor concentration, reaction time and temperature) using the RSM. Optimization of the process factors was also carried out using the RSM. The percentage inhibition efficiency obtained experimentally (85.61%) was closely comparable to 84.89% obtained by the theoretical technique (RSM). The SEM observations of the inhibited and uninhibited Al samples demonstrated that CLE is an effective corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in acid media.

Results herein provide novel information on the possible application of CLEs as effective eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors.