Books and journals Case studies Expert Briefings Open Access
Advanced search

Search results

1 – 10 of 11
To view the access options for this content please click here
Book part
Publication date: 4 September 2020

Mercy Redux: A Genealogy of Special Consideration of Indigenous Circumstances at Sentencing in Canada, from Indian Agents to Gladue and Ipeelee

Jacqueline Briggs

This chapter provides a genealogy of the Gladue–Ipeelee principle of special consideration of Indigenous circumstances at sentencing. The principle is codified in the 1996…

HTML
PDF (754 KB)
EPUB (55 KB)

Abstract

This chapter provides a genealogy of the Gladue–Ipeelee principle of special consideration of Indigenous circumstances at sentencing. The principle is codified in the 1996 statutory requirement that “all available sanctions other than imprisonment … should be considered for all offenders, with particular attention to the circumstances of Aboriginal offenders” (s. 718.2e of the Criminal Code of Canada). Using the Foucaultian genealogy method to produce a “history of the present,” this chapter eschews normative questions of how s. 718.2e has “failed” to reduce Indigenous over-incarceration to instead focus on how practices of “special consideration” reproduce settler-state paternalism. This chapter addresses three key components of the Gladue–Ipeelee principle: the collection of circumstances information, the characterization of those circumstances, and finally their consideration at sentencing. Part one focuses on questions of legitimacy and authority and explicates how authority and responsibility to produce Indigenous circumstances knowledge was transferred from the Department of Indian Affairs (DIA) to Indigenous Courtworker organizations in the late 1960s/early 1970s. Part two identifies how authority shapes problematization by examining the characterization of Indigenous circumstances in the two eras, finding that present-day Gladue reports articulate an Indigenous history and critique of colonialism as the root cause of Indigenous criminalization, whereas DIA reports prior to 1970 generally characterized this criminalization as a “failure to assimilate.” Part three focuses on the structural reproduction of power relations by exploring historical continuities in judicial and executive-branch consideration of Indigenous circumstances, suggesting that the Gladue–Ipeelee principle reinscribes a colonial “mercy” framework of diminished responsibility. The author discusses how the principle operates in the shadow of Indigenous over-incarceration as a form of state “recognition” and a technique of governance to encourage Indigenous participation in the settler justice system and suggests that the Gladue–Ipeelee principle produces a governing effect that reinforces settler-state authority by recirculating colonial practices and discourses of settler superiority.

Details

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1059-433720200000083003
ISBN: 978-1-83982-297-1

Keywords

  • Indigenous peoples
  • sentencing
  • Canada
  • Gladue
  • colonialism
  • knowledge production

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 1 April 2005

Repairing harm and transforming African‐American communities through restorative justice

O Elechi

The massive incarceration of African‐American men impacts negatively on African‐American families and undermines their communities' informal social control mechanisms…

HTML
PDF (158 KB)

Abstract

The massive incarceration of African‐American men impacts negatively on African‐American families and undermines their communities' informal social control mechanisms, thereby hindering community safety efforts. To repair the harm and transform African‐American communities, a case is hereby made for the empowerment of African‐American communities through restorative justice.

Details

Safer Communities, vol. 4 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17578043200500012
ISSN: 1757-8043

Keywords

  • Community safety
  • Community
  • Empowerment
  • Restorative justice

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 3 December 2019

Recruiting and retaining of Indigenous Probations Officers: Steps to creating diverse workplaces that reflect community cultures

Frank Morven and J. Barton Cunningham

The purpose of this paper is to define different types of culturally commensurate experiences, events, activities and interventions which Indigenous people find relevant…

HTML
PDF (205 KB)

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to define different types of culturally commensurate experiences, events, activities and interventions which Indigenous people find relevant for improving cultural diversity.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on interviews and surveys with Indigenous Probations Officers, the authors define a framework of nine experiences and events relevant to the organization, team and cultural development.

Findings

The key finding lies in proposing a framework of what Indigenous Probation Officers finding lies view as commensurate experiences, activities or interventions which recognize their cultural context (American Psychological Association, 2003).

Research limitations/implications

The key limitations to this study are the size of the sample and the inability to conclusively argue that the framework of experiences developed can claim to represent those important for improving recruitment and retentions of all Indigenous Probation Officers. Further exploratory research of this type is necessary to add to this research in guiding future research and practice.

Practical implications

The definition of a multicultural experiences offered here might be useful in encouraging Probation Officers and others in developing a deeper appreciation of cultures of Indigenous peoples and other groups.

Social implications

The purpose is to better understand an Indigenous perspective on enhancing a connection to culture within the Corrections system.

Originality/value

Rather than using a list of competencies to shape behaviors and experiences that people practice, the underlying assumption is to encourage cultural multiculturalism framework competency development by focusing on experiences and events important to objectives related to improving diversity.

Details

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, vol. 39 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-06-2019-0183
ISSN: 2040-7149

Keywords

  • Diversification
  • Culture
  • Recruitment

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 1 March 2010

Predicting workplace aggression: reciprocal aggression, organizational, and individual antecedents

Theresa M. Glomb

Although researchers have suggested that aggression is multiply determined, most studies examine only a small set of predictors, focusing on either situational or…

HTML
PDF (204 KB)

Abstract

Although researchers have suggested that aggression is multiply determined, most studies examine only a small set of predictors, focusing on either situational or individual or reciprocal motives. Research has not studied extensively the relative strength of multiple antecedent sets. Using questionnaire data (n = 366), the current study examines eleven antecedents of employees engaging in aggression: situational antecedents (i.e., procedural, distributive, and interpersonal justice; organizational, work group, and job related stress), individual difference antecedents (i.e., Type A behavior, trait anger, reactions to anger), and reciprocal effects (i.e., being the target of aggression). Individual difference antecedents and being the target of aggression influence the frequency with which employees report engaging in aggression. Situational antecedents are not significant predictors once other antecedents are taken into account.

Details

International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOTB-13-02-2010-B005
ISSN: 1093-4537

To view the access options for this content please click here
Book part
Publication date: 4 September 2020

Prelims

HTML
PDF (1.2 MB)
EPUB (203 KB)

Abstract

Details

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1059-433720200000083001
ISBN: 978-1-83982-297-1

To view the access options for this content please click here
Book part
Publication date: 21 December 2010

Freedom, social control, and the problem-solving court movement

James L. Nolan

Purpose – This chapter considers the consequences on liberty in relationship to the development of the international problem-solving court movement.

HTML
PDF (172 KB)
EPUB (58 KB)

Abstract

Purpose – This chapter considers the consequences on liberty in relationship to the development of the international problem-solving court movement.

Design/methodology/approach – The research, which relies principally on ethnographic fieldwork in six different common law countries (England, Ireland, Scotland, Australia, Canada, and the United States), explores the development of local problem-solving courts in each jurisdiction. These include drug courts, community courts, domestic violence courts, and mental health courts. The ethnographic fieldwork was supplemented with data from various other sources, including government reports, parliamentary debates, evaluations of individual court programs, publications issued by various advocacy groups, media accounts, public statements and articles by problem-solving court judges, and analyses of specialty courts in law reviews and other academic journals.

Findings – The research reveal that the five countries outside of the United States demonstrate greater concern with protecting the dignity of the court, due process, and individual rights – or what the Australians refer to as open and natural justice.

Originality/value – It is the first large-scale comparative study of problem-solving courts in the common law countries where the movement is most advanced.

Details

Social Control: Informal, Legal and Medical
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1521-6136(2010)0000015006
ISBN: 978-0-85724-346-1

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 4 December 2020

Invisible women: correctional facilities for women across Canada and proximity to maternity services

Martha Jane Paynter, M. Leslie Bagg and Clare Heggie

This paper aims to describe the process to create an inventory of the facilities in Canada designated to incarcerate women and girls, health service responsibility by…

HTML
PDF (192 KB)

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to describe the process to create an inventory of the facilities in Canada designated to incarcerate women and girls, health service responsibility by facility, facility proximity to hospitals with maternity services and residential programmes for mothers and children to stay together. This paper creates the inventory to support health researchers, prison rights advocates and policymakers to identify, analyse and respond to sex and gender differences in health and access to health services in prisons.

Design/methodology/approach

In spring 2019, this study conducted an environmental scan to create an inventory of every facility in Canada designated for the incarceration of girls and women, including remand/pretrial custody, immigration detention, youth facilities and for provincial and federal sentences.

Findings

There are 72 facilities in the inventory. In most, women are co-located with men. Responsibility for health varies by jurisdiction. Few sites have mother-child programmes. Distance to maternity services varies from 1 to 132 km.

Research limitations/implications

This paper did not include police lock-up, courthouse cells or involuntary psychiatric units in the inventory. Information is unavailable regarding trans and non-binary persons, a priority for future work. Access to maternity hospital services is but one critical question regarding reproductive care. Maintenance of the database is challenging.

Originality/value

Incarcerated women are an invisible population. The inventory is the first of its kind and is a useful tool to support sex and gender and health research across jurisdictions.

Details

International Journal of Prisoner Health, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPH-06-2020-0039
ISSN: 1744-9200

Keywords

  • Canada
  • Women’s health
  • Incarceration
  • Prisoner health
  • Maternal health

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 11 February 2021

The effect of implicit (vs explicit) rejection on the behavioral intentions of online daters

George Alba

Online dating facilitates both dater interactions and rejections. Given the vast offer of potential mates and daters' limited time, several rejections may occur. On online…

HTML
PDF (849 KB)

Abstract

Purpose

Online dating facilitates both dater interactions and rejections. Given the vast offer of potential mates and daters' limited time, several rejections may occur. On online dating platforms, most of these rejections are simply the absence of a reply (ignoring). The purpose of this paper is to compare the impact of implicit rejection (ignoring) vs explicit rejection (declining) on the behavioral intentions of daters, considering self-esteem as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach

Experiment 1 investigated the effect of the extent of rejection (implicit vs explicit vs control) on the behavioral intentions of online daters. Experiment 2 assessed observers' recommended actions to a male (vs female) online dater following rejection (implicit vs explicit vs control).

Findings

Implicit rejections generate greater behavioral intentions than explicit rejections. Both daters (study 1) and observers of the dating scenario (study 2) indicated greater intent to revise their profiles (study 1) or recommend a profile revision (study 2) when implicitly (vs explicitly) rejected by interaction partners. Self-esteem moderated the effect of the extent of rejection. Higher levels of self-esteem eliminate and lower levels of self-esteem intensify the effect of the extent of rejection on behavioral intentions. Additionally, observers' recommendations based on the extent of rejection depend on the rejected dater's gender.

Originality/value

Ignoring is a frequent practice among dating platform users, and this paper provides an original contribution to better understand the differences stemming from implicit or explicit rejection of online daters.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-06-2020-0207

Details

Online Information Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-06-2020-0207
ISSN: 1468-4527

Keywords

  • Online dating
  • Rejection
  • Ignoring
  • Self-esteem
  • Dater
  • Observer

To view the access options for this content please click here
Article
Publication date: 26 November 2020

Does “hot” lead to “not so hot?”

Chun-Tuan Chang, Dickson Tok, Xing-Yu (Marcos) Chu, Yu-Kang Lee and Shr-Chi Wang

This paper aims to examine how exposure to sexual images activates the urge to yield to temptation in a subsequent unrelated context.

HTML
PDF (467 KB)

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how exposure to sexual images activates the urge to yield to temptation in a subsequent unrelated context.

Design/methodology/approach

In Study 1, this paper uses empirical data based on an automobile expo to examine the correlational relationship between sexual imagery and indulgence. In Studies 2 and 3, this study examines the moderating effects of self-construal and gender differences on indulgent consumption, with different dependent measures. Study 4 distinguishes the sexual images into gratuitous sex and romantic love and tests the mediating role of sensation seeking.

Findings

For men, an independent self-construal increases indulgent consumption. In contrast, an interdependent self-construal facilitates women’s indulgent consumption. Having an interdependent self-construal has the opposite impact on indulgent consumption for the two genders: sexual images of romantic love attenuate the effect on men but boost the effect on women. Perceived sensation-seeking serves as the underlying mechanism.

Research limitations/implications

This paper contributes to the literature on sex, reward-processing, context effects in marketing and indulgent consumption.

Practical implications

Advertisers, retailers, food courts and restaurants may use sexual imagery to promote more indulgent consumption with gender and self-construal as segmentation variables. Public policymakers and other concerned parties should also raise consumers’ awareness of the priming effect found in this research.

Originality/value

This research advances the literature on sex by demonstrating the priming effects of sexual imagery and further considers the simultaneous impacts of gender and self-construal on consumers’ subsequent indulgent consumption.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-09-2018-0633
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

  • Gender differences
  • Indulgent consumption
  • Perceived sensation seeking
  • Self-construal
  • Sexual images

To view the access options for this content please click here
Book part
Publication date: 9 July 2004

PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES OF THEORETICAL CONCEPTS: SOME IDEAS FOR LINKING DEFLECTION AND EMOTION TO PHYSICAL RESPONSES DURING INTERACTION

Dawn T Robinson, Christabel L Rogalin and Lynn Smith-Lovin

After a vigorous debate in the late 1970s, the sociology of emotion put aside most discussion of whether or not the physiological arousal associated with emotion labels is…

HTML
PDF (192 KB)

Abstract

After a vigorous debate in the late 1970s, the sociology of emotion put aside most discussion of whether or not the physiological arousal associated with emotion labels is differentiated. Since this early period, scholars have made great progress on two fronts. First, theories about the interrelationship of identity, action and emotion have specified a family of new concepts related to emotion. Second, a large corpus of research on the physiological correlates of emotional experience emerged. In this chapter, we review the well-developed control theories of identity and emotion, and focus on the key concepts that might relate to different physiological states. We then review the general classes of physiological measures, discussing their reliability, intrusiveness and other features that might determine their usefulness for tracking responses to social interaction. We then offer a highly provisional mapping of physiological measures onto the concepts that they might potentially measure, given past research about how these physiological processes relate to environmental stimuli. While any linkage between concepts and measures must be speculative at this point, we hope that this review will serve as a stimulus to theoretically guided research that begins to assess the validity of these new measures for sociological use.

Details

Theory and Research on Human Emotions
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0882-6145(04)21004-9
ISBN: 978-0-76231-108-8

Access
Only content I have access to
Only Open Access
Year
  • Last month (1)
  • Last 3 months (2)
  • Last 6 months (5)
  • Last 12 months (5)
  • All dates (11)
Content type
  • Article (4)
  • Book part (4)
  • Earlycite article (3)
1 – 10 of 11
Emerald Publishing
  • Opens in new window
  • Opens in new window
  • Opens in new window
  • Opens in new window
© 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited

Services

  • Authors Opens in new window
  • Editors Opens in new window
  • Librarians Opens in new window
  • Researchers Opens in new window
  • Reviewers Opens in new window

About

  • About Emerald Opens in new window
  • Working for Emerald Opens in new window
  • Contact us Opens in new window
  • Publication sitemap

Policies and information

  • Privacy notice
  • Site policies
  • Modern Slavery Act Opens in new window
  • Chair of Trustees governance statement Opens in new window
  • COVID-19 policy Opens in new window
Manage cookies

We’re listening — tell us what you think

  • Something didn’t work…

    Report bugs here

  • All feedback is valuable

    Please share your general feedback

  • Member of Emerald Engage?

    You can join in the discussion by joining the community or logging in here.
    You can also find out more about Emerald Engage.

Join us on our journey

  • Platform update page

    Visit emeraldpublishing.com/platformupdate to discover the latest news and updates

  • Questions & More Information

    Answers to the most commonly asked questions here