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When evaluating the efficacy of mindfulness interventions, most studies take a linear approach to explore how an intervention impacts different outcomes for individuals, and rarely is the role of intention examined. This research takes a configural approach to consider how various elements of a participant’s training expectations and their experience in the training condition combine to predict increases in psychological capital.

Employees from hospital settings were randomized into three conditions (mindfulness training, active control (Pilates), and wait-list control group) and completed surveys at three time points (baseline, post-training and three months post-training). A qualitative comparative analysis was applied to see what combinations of motivational elements were associated with increases in psychological capital.

We find that all three conditions can boost their psychological capital based on different configurations involving efficacy beliefs, baseline states of well-being (psychological capital and perceived stress) and changes in levels of mindfulness and perceived stress.

Individual characteristics, like motivation, expectancy and baseline needs, are an important consideration in addition to the training condition itself when determining whether a training is efficacious.

It is of increasing importance that organizations find ways to support employee well-being. Offering a variety of psychological and physical interventions can improve psychological capital. Applying needs assessments that clarify the desires, needs and expectations employees hold may help with intervention efficacy.

The current study offers an innovative methodology through which realist evaluation approaches can consider multiple factors to predict outcomes.

During the past two decades, a tremendous increase in the trend of purchasing and consuming halal food has been witnessed both among Muslims and non-Muslims. However, the research on halal food is still inchoate and needs further exploration. Moreover, there is a dearth of research addressing the impact of intrinsic motivation on halal food purchase intention. This study aims to explore intrinsically motivated halal food purchase behaviour, by means of “self-determination theory,” which is based on innate psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness.

A total of 308 responses were yielded from online questionnaires. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was then used to analyze the gathered data.

The results reveal that relatedness is the strongest driver of halal food purchase intention, followed by competence, while autonomy is found to be the weakest predictor of halal food purchase intention. The findings give marketers a new line to develop intrinsically motivated strategies with a special focus on close relationships.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is considered the first to explore the impact of “autonomy,” “competence” and “relatedness” on halal food purchase intention.