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Increasing utilisation of the properties of hardness, corrosion resistance and electrical insulation has taken place rapidly in recent years. Still scope exists for further development of anodised aluminium as knowledge of the mechanism involved grows. In the first of this two‐part article the author deals mainly with bright and conventional architectural anodising.

Quotations for the protection of substantial tonnages of widely different types of steelwork were obtained from eight companies, geographically distributed throughout England and Wales. All the companies had substantial facilities for blasting and for applying either paint or sprayed metal coatings.

Our prior work has identified a trade-off that new entrants face in obtaining favorable market reception, whereby initial entrants suffer from a deficit of legitimacy whereas later entrants suffer from a deficit of authenticity. This research has also proposed that a single mechanism is responsible for this trade-off: the tendency for customers and other stakeholders to assess the entrant's claim to originality based on the visible work that it has done to legitimate the new product or organizational form. This chapter extends and deepens our understanding of such “legitimation work” by showing how it can illuminate cases that seem in the first instance to defy this trade-off. In particular, we focus on two “off-diagonal” cases: (a) when, as in the case of “patent trolls” and fraudulent innovators, early entrants are viewed as inauthentic despite having a credible claim to originality; (b) when late entrants, as in the case of Dell Computers, mechanical watches and baseball ballparks, are viewed as authentic despite obviously not being the originators. We clarify how each off-diagonal case represents an ‘exception that proves the rule’ whereby audiences attribute authenticity on the basis of legitimation work rather than on the order of entry per se. The last case also leads to an opportunity to clarify why “cultural appropriation” can sometimes project authenticity and sometimes inauthenticity, why audiences bother to make inferences about a producer's authenticity on the basis of visible legitimation work, and why legitimacy is a universal goal of early movers whereas authenticity varies in its importance.

Self‐coloured films of good light fastness are becoming important architecturally, particularly when colour is combined with a thick film and high abrasion resistance. This aspect of anodising is covered in this concluding part of the article. Also covered are conventional hard anodising, anodising in electrical engineering, continuous anodising and quality control. British Standard 1615, also discussed, has recently been brought up to date and is particularly valuable because of the wide range of possible finishes.

The purity of the milk supply is intimately related to the health of the community. There are very definite reasons why milk stands apart from other foods in its peculiar liability to be associated with human disease. These reasons are briefly the following:—

Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System’s model, this study documented acculturation and parental involvement in low-income Chinese immigrant homes that serve as predictors of parental mediation. By surveying 165 parents of 3–13-year-old immigrant children, this study found that low-income Chinese parents enacted restrictive mediation the most and exhibited a slow acculturation process even after an average of seven years of emigration. Higher parental acculturation was related to a higher use of active and restrictive mediation. Additionally, different aspects of parental involvement also served as predictors of the three mediation strategies. Chinese cultural emphasis on academic excellence and success was used to help interpret the findings. Future research should consider implementing research-based adult media literacy programs for immigrant parents to help them practice their parental mediation skills in the host culture.

from recent figures published in the U.S.S.R. No less than 20 million tons of metal pipe were calculated to be buried there. If other buried metal equipment such as tanks were added to this figure it greatly exceeds 40 million tons. The annual loss has been calculated at 3% or a loss of no less than one million tons annually'.

Introduction Most methods of protection of steel involve putting an extra layer of some corrosion resistant material between the steel and the environment. The main action of paints and plastics, for example, is to prevent contact between the atmosphere and the steel. However if there is damage to such a protective film, corrosion occurs at the break and spreads outwards lifting and destroying the film as it goes. Similar effects can also occur from the inherent pores in paint films.

This paper develops the concept of “strategic value configuration logics”. It posits that there are four fundamental and enduring strategic value configuration logics that have pervaded industrial, service/information, knowledge and Web/network macroeconomic paradigms. The paper reviews prominent microeconomic paradigms associated with each macroeconomic paradigm, and links these via value drivers and value configuration logics prominent in each paradigm. Four strategic value configuration logics, value‐adding, ‐extracting, ‐capturing, and ‐creating are presented. Exemplary companies like Cisco Systems, Microsoft, Skandia Insurance, Morgan Stanley, and Dell computers, rather than offering revolutionary new business models, actually manage fundamental strategic value configuration logics extremely well.

The author describes some of the developments in the increasing use of zinc‐coated steel, which in one form or another is used in most industries. Emphasis is given to galvanizing, which is by far the most important coating process.