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Although interorganizational relationships are acknowledged as positive for tourism, studies on the subject fail to systematically analyze the joint effects of relationships with different types of organizations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of the interaction between different types of interorganizational relationships over a hotel firm’s performance.

A structured questionnaire applied to hotel managers was used to assess hotel relationships. Hotel performance was assessed through Trip Advisor information. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis.

Results reveal that only relationships with other hotels had a significant influence on performance. The competition had a negative effect on hotel performance, as well as on horizontal and support organization relationships. Relationships with support organizations presented a significant effect on the formation of relationships between companies (horizontal and vertical) and mediated the negative effect of competition over horizontal relations.

Hotel relationships are idiosyncratic and path-dependent, hence monitoring and copying competitors’ relationships is not advisable. Hotels may improve their productive integration by relating with support organizations. From a destination management perspective, results show that support organizations facilitate interfirm relationships and productive integration within a destination.

The paper systematically analyzes the influence of different interorganizational relationships and competition on hotel performance. Empirical results contradict some aspects of networks and clusters. Some relationships may have positive effects on destinations, but not on hotel firms. Additionally, support organizations play a central role on interfirm relationship formation and maintenance.

集群或网络：组织间关系对巴西酒店绩效的影响Clú

但有关该主题的研究未能系统地分析与不同类型组织之间关系的联合影响。本文的目的是分析不同类型的组织间关系之间的相互作用对酒店公司绩效的影响。

应用于酒店经理的结构化问卷用于评估酒店关系。通过Trip Advisor信息评估了酒店的表现。使用结构方程建模 进行数据分析。

只有与其他酒店的关系才对业绩产生重大影响。竞争对酒店业绩以及横向e支持组织的关系都具有负面影响。与支持组织的关系对公司间关系有显着影响, 对竞争的中介作用对水平关系有负面影响。

本文系统地分析了不同组织间关系和竞争对酒店绩效的影响。实证结果与网络和集群的某些方面相矛盾。某些关系可能对目的地有利, 但对酒店公司却没有相同的影响。此外, 支持组织在公司间关系的形成和维护中起着核心作用。

因此建议不要监视和复制竞争对手的关系。酒店可以改善与支持组织有关的生产整合。从目的地管理的角度来看, 结果表明, 支持组织促进了旅游企业之间的关系以及目的地内的生产整合。

Clústeres o redes: la influencia de las relaciones interorganizacionales en el desempeño de los hoteles brasileños

Si bien las relaciones interorganizacionales se reconocen como positivas para el turismo, las investigaciones sobre el tema no logran analizar sistemáticamente los efectos conjuntos de las relaciones con diferentes tipos de organizaciones. El propósito de este artículo es analizar la influencia de la interacción entre diferentes tipos de relaciones interorganizacionales sobre el desempeño de la empresa hotelera.

se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado aplicado a los gerentes de hoteles para evaluar las relaciones con los hoteles. El desempeño del hotel se evaluó a través de la información de Trip Advisor. Se utilizó el Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM) para el análisis de datos.

los resultados revelan que solo las relaciones con otros hoteles tuvieron una influencia significativa en el rendimiento. La competencia tuvo un efecto negativo en el desempeño del hotel, así como en las relaciones horizontales de las organizaciones de apoyo electrónico. Las relaciones con las organizaciones de apoyo tienen un efecto significativo en las relaciones entre empresas y un efecto de mediación en la competencia, influencia negativa en las relaciones horizontales.

el documento analiza sistemáticamente la influencia de las diferentes relaciones interorganizacionales y la competencia en el desempeño del hotel. Los resultados empíricos contradicen algunos aspectos de redes y clústeres. Algunas relaciones pueden ser positivas para los destinos, pero no tener los mismos efectos para las empresas hoteleras. Además, las organizaciones de apoyo juegan un papel central en la formación y el mantenimiento de relaciones entre empresas.

las relaciones hoteleras son idiosincrásicas y dependen de la ruta, por lo que no es aconsejable monitorear y copiar las relaciones de la competencia. Los hoteles pueden mejorar su integración productiva relacionándose con las organizaciones de apoyo. Desde una perspectiva de gestión de destinos, los resultados muestran que las organizaciones de apoyo facilitan las relaciones entre empresas del turismo y la integración productiva dentro de un destino.

We present a critical literature review debating Brazilian research on social and environmental accounting (SEA). The aim of this study is to understand the role of politics in the construction of hegemonies in SEA research in Brazil. In particular, we examine the role of hegemony in relation to the co-option of SEA literature and sustainability in the Brazilian context by the logic of development for economic growth in emerging economies. The methodological approach adopts a post-structural perspective that reflects Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory. The study employs a hermeneutical, rhetorical approach to understand and classify 352 Brazilian research articles on SEA. We employ Brown and Fraser’s (2006) categorizations of SEA literature to help in our analysis: the business case, the stakeholder–accountability approach, and the critical case. We argue that the business case is prominent in Brazilian studies. Second-stage analysis suggests that the major themes under discussion include measurement, consulting, and descriptive approach. We argue that these themes illustrate the degree of influence of the hegemonic politics relevant to emerging economics, as these themes predominantly concern economic growth and a capitalist context. This paper discusses trends and practices in the Brazilian literature on SEA and argues that the focus means that SEA avoids critical debates of the role of capitalist logics in an emerging economy concerning sustainability. We urge the Brazilian academy to understand the implications of its reifying agenda and engage, counter-hegemonically, in a social and political agenda beyond the hegemonic support of a particular set of capitalist interests.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the scientific performance of universities by extending the application of the h‐index from the individual to the institutional level. A ranking of the world's top universities based on their h‐index scores was produced. The geographic distribution of the highly ranked universities by continent and by country was also analysed.

This study uses bibliometric analysis to rank the universities. In order to calculate their h‐index the numbers of papers and citations in each university were gathered from Web of Science, including the Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index. Authority control dealing with variations in university names ensured the accuracy of each university's number of published journal papers and the subsequent statistics of their citations.

It was found that a high correlation exists between the h‐index ranking generated in this study and that produced by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The results confirm the validity of the h‐index in the assessment of research performance at the university level.

The h‐index has been used to evaluate research performance at the institutional level in several recent studies; however these studies evaluated institutions' performance only in certain disciplines or in a single country. This paper measures the research performance of universities all over the world, and the applicability of the h‐index at the institutional level was validated by calculating the correlation between the ranking result of the h‐index and the ranking by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

For the past 20 years, Latin American countries have gone from being a low-cost region to significant players in the world economy, with five of its countries ranked among the world’s 50th largest by gross domestic product. This paper aims to study the contribution of Latin American researchers in the field of supply chain management (SCM) to aid an understanding of the Latin American impact within global supply chains (SCs).

The authors present a study which includes a bibliometric analysis of the papers authored by Latin American researchers in the SCM field and which were exclusively published in journals included in the Journal Citation Reports. In addition, the authors conducted a survey to Latin American researchers and consultants to gain greater understanding of the main difficulties, which in their opinion, have negatively affected the SCM area in Latin America within the past five years, and identify possible misalignment between Latin American research and the challenges for SC in the region.

The results show that Latin American research on SCM in the past nine years is not significant for the field considering the number of papers, citations and the papers published in top journals. Another interesting finding is the lack of collaboration among researchers from different Latin American countries, as well as with corporate. Finally, survey results reveal significant differences regarding the main difficulties each country perceived as relevant.

Comparing results from both analyses, relevant misalignments stand out between published research and the main difficulties detected. These suggest a challenging opportunity for Latin America, emphasizing the need to increase research contribution of the scientific community, through collaboration and alignment toward overcoming the most troublesome difficulties for Latin America. Therefore, the authors suggest future regional research directions which could also help global companies to tackle the challenges faced and optimize performance of their Latin American SCs.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous research on the quality and impact of Latin American research in SCM has been conducted. Also, misalignments between researchers and practitioners in the region, which allow identifying weaknesses of Latin American SCs, have not been studied before.

The purpose is to analyse the nutritional adequacy and carbon footprint of intermediated meals provided to preschool children and primary-level students in a Portuguese municipality.

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sampling consisting of school snacks from a Portuguese municipality. The nutritional assessment used food labels and a Portuguese food composition table. The literature review for carbon footprint assessment was conducted by searching for the products under analysis or similar ones.

The results showed that 80% of snacks have a higher energy value than recommended. The majority of options are below recommendations for protein and fat and above recommendations for carbohydrates. The intermediated meals with more dairy products in composition have the highest carbon footprint. The carbon footprint included the packaging of the products, and it wasn't possible to determine the influence of non-food products.

This study has limitations in the fact that we do not know the carbon footprint of Portuguese products and we had to compare them with others, from different countries, with possibly different types of production.

Intermediate meals are inadequate, and the carbon footprint is higher when the intermediated meals include products of animal origin – the reason why the composition of intermediated meals should be redesigned considering the achievement of these targets.

The promotion of intermediated meals that promote the Mediterranean eating pattern contributes to health and well-being and is a vehicle for nutrition education and healthy food consumption in schools.

Many studies have been conducted to analyse the carbon footprint and environmental impact of school meals, but commonly lunch is the meal evaluated and the assessment of intermediated meals' impact is an open field.

This study aims to analyse the influence of the pillars (hard and soft skills) of digital academic entrepreneurship on students' entrepreneurial intention.

This was done by adopting a quantitative methodology involving empirical research with a sample of 761 university students from two countries and adopting structural equation analysis to validate the theoretical model proposed.

The results indicate a direct influence between hard and soft skills and entrepreneurial intention, and a positive, indirect influence between these and entrepreneurial intention mediated by the dimensions of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) – entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. Therefore, the pillars of digital academic entrepreneurship have a direct and indirect influence on university students' entrepreneurial intention.

This study also contributes to better operationalization of entrepreneurial education in university environments, since the development of hard and soft skills can be planned better based on the model proposed here. Considering the relations between the dimensions of hard and soft skills and those of TPB, this study shows there can be an influence on students' entrepreneurial intention.

In this study, a new and innovative construct is inserted in the model of entrepreneurial intention: “structural pillars of digital academic entrepreneurship” through structural equation modelling, to determine the degree of influence of these pillars (hard and soft skills) constructs on HEI students' entrepreneurial intention.