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This chapter explores the nature of military law and IHL during the cold war period. It explores what treaties were completed, Additional Protocols I and II of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, the ad hoc international tribunals of the 1990s and 2000s, and examines the ICJ’s ruling of the legality of nuclear weapons.

This chapter examines World War II and its impact on international and military law. It covers the war’s key crimes, the Nürnberg and Tokyo tribunals, and the creation of the United Nations, the Four Geneva Conventions of 1949, and the Genocide Convention of 1948.

This chapter discusses the creation, structure, and functioning of the International Criminal Court. It also examines its operations to date and addresses many contemporary criticisms of the court.

This chapter focuses on the US Civil War of 1861–1864, the application of the laws of war to a civil war, and gives great attention to US Army General Order 100 (aka The Lieber Code), the first set of laws to direct and constrain the behavior of troops in the field.

This chapter examines how the nature of World War I catalyzed significant changes in the laws of war, the Treaty of Versailles, the failed Leipzig Trials, and the multiple treaties enacted in the 1920s, with particular focus on the Geneva Convention of 1929.

Dark (Netflix, 2017–2020) is a German-produced science fiction television series, created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese. Set in the geographically ambiguous small town of Winden, Dark is an intricate time-travel saga primarily across different epochs. With its emphasis on uncanny natural settings and fairy tale tropes (such as lost children, mysterious travelers, magical devices, etc.), Dark can easily be interpreted as fairy tale. Central is young Jonas Kahnwald who loses his father and witnesses the mysterious disappearance of a local boy. These traumas lead to shocking truths about his heritage. Jonas is the hero (both victim and seeker, after Propp's definition) though his twisting quest brings him face-to-face with two older versions of himself: The middle-aged Jonas fulfils a mentor/donor role for the younger but is conflicted in his desires to both perpetuate and unpick ‘the knot’. Later, Jonas encounters cataclysmic extremist ‘Adam’, a mature version of himself who acts as antagonist. Thusly, Dark centres White male trauma, agency, and ego to reflect responses to historic cultural trauma (such as the notion of the ‘anti-Heimat’) whilst also critiquing traditional conceptions of masculinity through young Jonas's actions. This chapter maps the interplay and representation of ego and trauma. Through textual analysis and with reference to relevant cultural, psychological, and philosophical scholarship, my exploration follows the threads of what Dark communicates about contemporary German masculinity in the face of trauma and how it reflects Western, White cultural thinking about the self.

This research aims to analyse the perceptions of practitioners in three regions regarding the challenges faced by their firms during the pandemic, considered a black-swan event. It examines the strategies implemented to mitigate and recover from risks, evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies and assesses the difficulties encountered in their implementation.

In the summer of 2022, an online survey was conducted among supply chain (SC) practitioners in France, Poland and the St. Louis, Missouri region of the USA. The survey aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on their firms and the SC strategies employed to sustain operations. These regions were selected due to their varying levels of SC development, including infrastructure, economic resources and expertise. Moreover, they exhibited different responses in safeguarding the well-being of their citizens during the pandemic.

The study reveals consistent perceptions among practitioners from the three regions regarding the impact of COVID-19 on SCs. Their actions to enhance SC resilience primarily relied on strengthening collaborative efforts within their firms and SCs, thus validating the tenets of the relational view.

COVID-19 is (hopefully) our black-swan pandemic occurrence during our lifetime. Nevertheless, the lessons learned from it can inform future SC risk management practices, particularly in dealing with rare crises. During times of crisis, leveraging existing SC structures may prove more effective and efficient than developing new ones. These findings underscore the significance of relationships in ensuring SC resilience.

Mindfulness-based interventions are on the rise in workplace settings to enhance Well-Being and address work stress. Their popularity is in part due to the fact that they are often assumed to have a net positive impact on both workers’ Well-Being and organizational functioning. However, the majority of workplace mindfulness practice and research focuses on individual-level mindfulness interventions and their associated outcomes, like reduced stress. However, the modern workplace is highly dependent on positive team functioning, and the impact of mindfulness in teams is lesser known. This review differentiates individual mindfulness from team mindfulness and explores how both individual and team mindfulness impact team functioning. The authors review mindfulness and teams’ literature to understand antecedents, correlated mediators, and consequences of mindfulness in team contexts, team processes, and the boundary conditions related to mindfulness outcomes. This review adds to the budding theoretical conversation regarding mindfulness at work and contributes valuable insight into the practical applications of mindfulness in teams.

Due to the nonrenewable nature of most geoheritage sites, restoration and reconstruction can be extremely difficult or even impossible. The purpose of this study is to create a model for the management of geoheritage conservation and vulnerability.

To develop the initial research model, two steps were taken. First, a systematic review of previous literature was conducted. Second, experts were asked to provide their input through semistructured and structured questionnaires. The statistical population of the research included experts and researchers in geoheritage. To analyze the data, the methods of meta-synthesis, thematic analysis and contextual analysis panels were used.

Based on research findings, a model for the management of geoheritage conservation and vulnerability has been developed. This model focuses on two key variables vulnerability and intervention, and it is based on three approaches: value-led conservation, preventive conservation and value-led management. The vulnerability variable has two dimensions: antecedents and drivers, while the intervention variable includes a management process with six dimensions: transparency, inclusion, institutionalization, communication, implementation and efficiency.

The management model for geoheritage conservation and vulnerability suggests that if the level of vulnerability of geological values can be controlled or reduced through management interventions, it is possible to achieve geoheritage conservation in three levels: physical, functional and visual.

由于大多数地质遗迹具有不可再生性, 修复和重建可能极其困难甚至不可能。当前的研究旨在创建地质遗迹保护和脆弱性的管理模型。

为了开发初始研究模型, 采取了两个步骤。首先, 对以前的文献进行了系统回顾。其次, 要求专家通过半结构化和结构化问卷提供意见。研究的统计人群包括地质遗迹专家和研究人员。为了分析数据, 使用了综合综合、主题分析和背景分析小组的方法。

根据研究结果, 开发了地质遗迹保护和脆弱性的管理模型。该模型侧重于两个关键变量：脆弱性和干预, 并基于三种方法：价值主导的保护、预防性保护和价值主导的管理。脆弱性变量有两个维度：前因和驱动因素, 而干预变量包括一个管理过程, 该过程有六个维度：透明度、包容性、制度化、沟通、实施和效率。

地质遗产保护和脆弱性的管理模型表明, 如果可以通过管理干预来控制或降低地质价值的脆弱性水平, 那么就有可能在物理、功能和视觉三个层面实现地质遗产保护。

Debido a la naturaleza no renovable de la mayoría de los sitios del geopatrimonio, la restauración y reconstrucción pueden ser extremadamente difíciles o incluso imposibles. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo para crear un modelo de gestión de la conservación y la vulnerabilidad del geopatrimonio.

Para desarrollar el modelo de investigación inicial, se siguieron dos pasos. En primer lugar, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la bibliografía anterior. En segundo lugar, se solicitó la opinión de expertos mediante cuestionarios semiestructurados y estructurados. La población estadística de la investigación incluía expertos e investigadores en geopatrimonio. Para analizar los datos se utilizaron los métodos de metasíntesis, análisis temático y panel de análisis contextual.

A partir de los resultados de la investigación, se ha desarrollado un modelo para la gestión de la conservación y la vulnerabilidad del geopatrimonio. Este modelo se centra en dos variables clave: la vulnerabilidad y la intervención, y se basa en tres enfoques: la conservación basada en el valor, la conservación preventiva y la gestión basada en el valor. La variable de vulnerabilidad tiene dos dimensiones: antecedentes e impulsores, mientras que la variable de intervención incluye un proceso de gestión con seis dimensiones: transparencia, inclusión, institucionalización, comunicación, aplicación y eficacia.

El modelo de gestión de la conservación y la vulnerabilidad del geopatrimonio sugiere que si el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los valores geológicos puede controlarse o reducirse mediante intervenciones de gestión, es posible lograr la conservación del geopatrimonio en tres niveles: físico, funcional y visual.