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This paper shows a generalization of the classic isotropic plasticity theory to be applied to orthotropic or anisotropic materials. This approach assumes the existence of a real anisotropic space, and other fictitious isotropic space where a mapped fictitious problem is solved. Both spaces are related by means of a linear transformation using a fourth order transformation tensor that contains all the information concerning the real anisotropic material. The paper describes the basis of the spaces transformation proposed and the expressions of the resulting secant and tangent constitutive equations. Also details of the numerical integration of the constitutive equation are provided. Examples of application showing the good performance of the model for analysis of orthotropic materials and fibre‐reinforced composites are given.

In this article, an analytical model is presented for the simulation of the thermal behaviour of dams that are subjected to environmental thermal action during service. The method of solution adopted, as well as the evaluation of the different parameters, is described in detail. Also, the theoretical results that are predicted by the model are compared with experimental results obtained through the monitoring of temperature in several dams in Spain. The dams considered are currently in use, of different types and in distinct locations.

People with disabilities (PwDs) encounter several impediments to employment prospects, contributing to India's huge employment gap. Entrepreneurship offers a different avenue for PwDs to overcome these constraints. Entrepreneurship Support Organizations (ESOs) play a significant role in assisting PwD entrepreneurs. The present study aims to explore challenges encountered by entrepreneurs with disabilities (EwDs) in starting or sustaining a business in an Indian ecosystem. The study further aims to examine the status of entrepreneurial outcomes while comprehending the intersection of the challenges of disability and entrepreneurship. The study draws on stakeholder and social identity theories to understand this critical connection.

A qualitative approach is applied to study the phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 EWDs and 5 ESOs to explore the challenges faced and the available support in the Indian context. The study explores the level of coordination and roles these organizations play in fostering an entrepreneurial culture for PWDs.

The research findings explore novel challenges and facilitators of entrepreneurial pursuits of EwDs. The study further offers implications for policymakers to foster inclusive infrastructure, financial institutions to provide accessible credit options, and ESOs to amplify tailored assistance. Importantly, these dynamics have implications for advancing relevant Sustainable Development Goals.

The intersectional lens of disability and entrepreneurial challenges offered to study PwD entrepreneurship highlights new directions for exploring the phenomenon in deeper detail. Further, the theoretical underpinnings of stakeholder and social identity theories provide practical and indispensable insights into the phenomenon.

A general methodology for deriving thin plate bending elements with a single degree of freedom per node is presented. The formulation is based on the combination of a standard C0 finite element interpolation for the deflection field with an independent approximation of the curvatures which are expressed in terms of the deflection gradient along the sides using a finite volume‐like approach. The formulation is particularized for the simplest element of the family, i.e. the three node triangle with three degrees of freedom. The potential of the new element is shown through different examples of application.

The theme of the second worbhop “Growth Strategies” caused a rich discussion among the participants on the factors influencing tourism development and consequently determining successful growth strategies. The subject of discussion was illustrated with the presentation of the cases of Switzerland (Thomas Bieger etal.), Austria (Franz Hartl and Ivanka Avelini‐Holjevac) and Finland (Seppo Aho). All reports outlined the structural problems that the tourism sector is facing due to an insufficient productivity and a lack of resources, among others. The participants of the workshop unanimously agreed that there was no future existing for some of the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SM Es), particularly in developed countries.

En 1994 le tourisme international est entré dans tine nouvelle phase d'expansion favorisée dans une très large mesure par la croissance économique de la plupart des pays industrialisés. Les perspectives économiques des pays émetteurs de touristes sont meilleures de ce qu'elles ont été depuis plusieurs années. La reprise économique s'est étendue à toutes les régions et les prévisions tablent sur un accroissement de 3 pour cent en 1995. Le taux de chômage affiche une tendance a la baisse dans de nombreux pays, alors que I'inflation se maintient à des niveaux relativement bas. Les incertitudes qui subsistent ont trait a l'evolution des taux d'intérêt dont la hausse pourrait avoir des effets pervers sur les investissements. Toutefois, les dépenses de consommation des ménages, surtout en Europe et au Japon, continuent d'évoluer de manière plus prudente que prévue, traduisant un certain manque de confiance et d'optimisme de la part des consommateurs quant aux retombées positives de la croissance économique sur leurs finances.

The authors give a short overview on the concept of satellite account for tourism as integrated part of national accounts. They show the strategic importance of the tourism consumption for Mexico's national economy. The first results indicate the importance of tourism for the economy of this big country of Central America.

This paper aims to study the Colombia Buen Vivir and how indigenous social enterprise strategies inform and contribute for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by reaching sustainability and the well-being in the community.

Using participatory video research (PVR), this work draws upon evidence from a multiple case study of five indigenous communities (Curripaco, Puinave, Yanacona, Misak and Wayuu). Ethical approval was obtained from the five indigenous social enterprises (ISEs) in Colombia.

What emerged from the findings is that the SDGs were addressed before the SDG Agenda in 2015. Moreover, the findings revealed that the cultural values of indigenous people had not been contemplated in the SDGs.

The cases respond to a particular context (Colombia); therefore, this invites us to be cautious when extrapolating the results to other regions.

This work addresses a research gap that points to the lack of studies that focus on ISEs and the SDGs in developing countries. Further, this work sheds light on the role ISEs play in the quest for communities to achieve sustainability and well-being.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to explore whether the SDGs embed sufficient ways of knowing and doing by the Latin American Buen Vivir of ISEs.

The process by which disabled individuals become entrepreneurs can be influenced by factors of different orders. Throughout their entrepreneurship careers and projects, disabled entrepreneurs may have to overcome multiple personal, social and political barriers. This study aims to review what we do (and do not) know about disabled entrepreneurs research to date.

The literature review focused on analyzing 42 articles from two databases, namely, Web of Science and Scopus. After the articles were selected, they were grouped into thematic clusters.

The results were categorized into four areas, namely, entrepreneurs with disabilities, self-employment as an alternative to unemployment for people with disabilities, barriers faced by disabled entrepreneurs and the importance of education, training and/or orientation for these individuals’ entrepreneurship. The research verified that, in some cases, people with disabilities resort to self-employment and become entrepreneurs to avoid unemployment. Education and training’s positive role in how this process develops is clear as they empower individuals with disabilities and enable them to raise entrepreneurial attitudes.

Based on the citation profile of articles on disabled entrepreneurs, the results contribute to a better understanding of the flow and main findings of scientific research on this topic over the past 15 years. The findings also include research tendencies that reveal the field’s emergent perspectives, which are of great importance to academics seeking to enhance entrepreneurial processes and policymakers interested in stimulating entrepreneurship education.