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The purpose of this paper is to communicate and share experiences with other dam designers, operators and maintenance officers arising from the rehabilitation of the Osborne Dam outlets, pursuant to informing future dam outlet designs and rehabilitation of similar dam outlets.

This paper documents and utilizes actual events that occurred before and during the rehabilitation of the outlets. Some solutions applied were unique, with resultant innovative engineering designs being decided on site. Realizing that a descriptive research format would best serve the sharing of experiences of the outlets’ rehabilitation, the case study approach was selected. Before commencement of the rehabilitation works, the different operational problems that had been identified, photographed and documented by the dam’s operating staff were verified by the dam owner’s engineers, technicians and consultants. Visual and photographic verification was done using divers for areas under water. Literature review was conducted so as to learn from solutions employed elsewhere. A physical model of the solution considered the best way to keep the intake tower dry was made and tested.

The outlets’ rehabilitation works, taking 12 months to complete at a total cost of US$5 million, involved installation of new service gates, replacement of the sleeve valves, refurbishment of the butterfly valves and provision of dewatering pumps.

This paper offers unique experiences and lessons for dam designers and other dam operation and maintenance officers while contributing to the body of knowledge of outlet works rehabilitation.

2. Elastomers A wide variety of elastomers, generally synthetic, are used in modern valves of the butterfly and diaphragm types with the dual function of lining/protecting internal metal surfaces in contact with the duty and providing the necessary interference for sealing. Without resorting to exotic and expensive metals of construction, even most aggressive services can be successfully handled by variation of elastomer type, while the particular compound is designed to still retain the physical characteristics necessary for optimum sealing. The number of permutations is thus large and indeed one manufacturer offers as many as 18 different resilient liner options. The main elastomer types are summarised:

Summary This paper examines the function, protection and applications of complex components such as valves in off‐shore environments. Materials of Construction and the coating/lining techniques and procedures available to ensure acceptable function and protection are discussed, while the limitations of existing painting specifications from the point of view of the component manufacturer are emphasised. Off‐shore services utilising valves are summarised and the types of valves to be found in service on production platforms are indicated.

For high pressure gas a new solenoid valve having an extremely low leakage has been developed which allows venting of the down‐stream system when the valve is closed. It is being manufactured by The Hymatic Engineering Co. Ltd., Redditch, Worcs.

Reports on the MSc group design project of students at the College of Aeronautics aerospace vehicle design in 1995. The students worked on advanced short take‐off and vertical landing of a combat aircraft. Part 2 reports on powerplant installation and associated systems.

Operations management.

Management post graduate and corporate executives.

ProdVal Flow Controls Pvt Ltd was company in the SME sector in India. The company focused on quality products and timely delivery. The major challenge for ProdVal was increasing their production capacity. They had no control over their existing suppliers resulting in delay in raw materials delivery. Retention of vendors had an effect on inventory carrying cost. The company had limited production facilities and the workers were outsourced. The company operated with unskilled workers. The case presents the various issues faced by the company based on which strategies to practice and plan the company's future plans could be designed. This is a disguised case and all excerpts from interviews have been anonymized.

This case study will give an insight to students to understand how inventory management; impacts production. It even gives an idea about how ProdVal has used the strategy of outsourcing of technology and labour and maintained a good growth rate.

Production-related outsourcing.

Production management in small scale industry.

Organization structure of a manufacturing unit.

Concept of outsourcing HR and technology in an SME.

Teaching notes are available, please consult your librarian to access.

The problems of older jet aeroplanes as seen by one regulatory authority— the U.K. Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)—are reviewed. Whilst attention is given primarily to airworthiness matters, a number of operational subjects are also considered. The particular problem of structure of the aeroplane is mentioned but the other information which an authority needs is also set out. Attention is paid to the design standard of the aeroplane, the physical standard of the particular aeroplane, and the role of the operator. In the case of imported aeroplanes, especially when they are already old when imported, the intention is to ensure that the standard achieved is not less than it would have been had the aircraft been operated on the British register from the beginning, and is also broadly similar to that of the current generation of equivalent aircraft.

A screw propeller wherein the blades are turned about their axes to vary the pitch is provided with means which are a function of the engine speed and which tend to turn the blades against the action of a resisting means such as a spring, these two controls being interconnected so that the resultant moment acting to turn the blades from one set position to another increases as soon as the resultant is sufficient to initiate the movement of the blades, the latter being then definitely moved from one set position to another. A weight 5 is coupled by an arm 4 to the blade 1 and by centrifugal force tends to move this blade. It is connected by a link 7 to a member 9 under spring control 12 in such a manner that when the centrifugal force is sufficient to overcome the spring the blade is moved and the resisting moment diminishes. The member 9 has two collars 10, 11, which contact with stops to determine the high and low pitch positions. The stop positions may be adjustable as by the movement of the block 13 which is screwed into the engine case. The block 13 may be adjusted by hand or it may have a weighted arm 81 whereby centrifugal force acting against a spring automatically sets the stop position. In one form the connection of the mechanism with the blade is by means of an arm 17 secured to a ring 16 that is attached to a block 14 embracing the blade root. The end positions of the stops may be adjusted from the cockpit of the aeroplane or may be modified automatically in accordance with the variation in pressure due to change of altitude. In a modification the mechanism provides for three stop positions and for this purpose in addition to the. main spring a second spring is provided which comes into operation after a predetermined action of the first spring.

This paper shows how the interplay between organisational resilience and environmental complexity justifies the existence of differentiated yet successful approaches to digital transformation.

A multi-case method is applied to test our research hypotheses by contrasting the digital transformation of three Italian companies in the valves industry.

Different combinations of technological and organisational tools, hence diversified digital transformations, can be successful, provided that they are supported by a coherent set of resilience factors and allow for the implementation of strategic approaches aligned with the resilience capacity of the firm.

Awareness that resilience capacity shapes digital transformation and the strategies available to engage with external complexity should focus managers to invest in the alignment and the reinforcement of the factors underlying organisational resilience.

Most literature so far focused on the antecedents to digital transformation. In contrast, this paper focuses on the transformation process and highlights how the resilience capacity of the firm affects the unfolding of digital transformation and the emergence of diversified yet successful paths. In addition, in contrast with a dichotomous approach to external complexity this paper shows that digital transformation involves a mix of complexity reduction and complexity absorption strategies.

THE fire tender shown in fig. 1 is the prototype of a self‐contained mobile unit made recently by the Pyrene Company. Mounted on a Bedford QL 4x4 chassis, the body houses mechanical foam generating equipment capable of producing 2,500 gals./min. In addition there is a CO2 gas installation which can discharge 300 lb. in 1½ mins. With a crew of five, the driver remains in the truck to operate the regulators, while two men run out the foam hoses from the front and two take the CO2 hoses from the rear. The whole design has been made with a view to the most rapid concentration of foam and gas.