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The impact of digital technology in the wider travel field has been substantial and significant, changing both the competitive landscape of businesses and the behavior of travelers. However, we are now on the cusp of new digital developments encompassing cloud computing, blockchain, internet of things (IoT) and above all, artificial intelligence (AI), which are predicted to disrupt the business and consumer sides of several industries – travel included. This study aims to frame this upcoming digital transformation in travel within a human-centered approach where the critical understanding of digital humanism principles will enrich social scientists’ research agenda in the coming years.

The viewpoint follows a structure based on (i) setting the scene for the rise of digital transformation, (ii) the historical perspective on digital transformation in travel, (iii) the pandemic’s impact and (iv) future development and research agenda.

It is only by fostering a human-centered digital transformation perspective that social science researchers in travel can realize the “high-tech for high-touch” promise of fostering a human-to-human encounter empowered and possibly hampered, by digital technologies. This work proposes to start from the concepts of digital technology control, participation, education and ethics to design a research agenda with a 2050 horizon.

This work has been designed to shift the attention of researchers toward a human-centered digital transformation approach to reflect on the human-machine relationship for a better society. Due to its inner characteristics the travel field can foster a reflection on this topic by reaffirming the centrality of human beings and their authorship in the travel product creation.

数字技术在更广泛的旅游领域产生了巨大而显著的影响, 改变了企业的竞争图景和游客行为。然而, 我们现在正处于新的数字发展的风口浪尖, 包括云计算、区块链、物联网以及最重要的人工智能, 预计这些技术将颠覆包括旅游业在内的多个行业的企业端和消费端。这项研究建议将即将到来的旅行数字化转型纳入以人为本的方法, 对数字人文主义原则的批判性理解将丰富社会科学家未来几年的研究议程。

该观点遵循基于以下方面的一种结构, (i)为数字化转型的兴起设定场景, （ii）旅行数字化转型的历史视角, (iii)疫情的影响和（iv）未来发展和研究议程。

只有培养以人为中心的数字化转型视角, 旅游领域的社会科学研究人员才能实现“高科技换高品质”的承诺, 培养一种被数字技术赋能但也可能受到阻碍的人与人之间的接触。这项工作建议从数字技术控制、参与、教育和伦理的概念出发, 设计一个2050年的研究议程。

这项工作旨在将研究人员的注意力转移到以人为中心的数字化转型方法上, 以反思更美好社会的人机关系。由于旅游领域的内在特征, 它可以通过重申人在旅游产品创造中的中心地位和作者身份来促进对这一主题的反思。

El impacto de la tecnología digital en el ámbito de los viajes en general ha sido sustancial y significativo, cambiando tanto el panorama competitivo de las empresas como el comportamiento de los viajeros. Sin embargo, en la actualidad estamos en la cúspide de nuevos desarrollos digitales que abarcan la nube informática, blockchain, IoT y, sobre todo, la inteligencia artificial, que se prevé que alteren los aspectos comerciales y de consumo de varias industrias, incluidos los viajes. Esta investigación propone enmarcar esta próxima transformación digital en los viajes dentro de un enfoque centrado en el ser humano, donde la comprensión crítica de los principios del humanismo digital enriquecerá la agenda de investigación de los científicos sociales en los próximos años.

El presente trabajo presenta una estructura basada en (i) el establecimiento del escenario para el auge de la transformación digital, (ii) la perspectiva histórica de la transformación digital en los viajes, (iii) el impacto de la pandemia y (iv) el desarrollo futuro y líneas de investigación.

Únicamente si se fomenta una perspectiva de transformación digital centrada en el ser humano podrán los investigadores de las ciencias sociales en el ámbito de los viajes hacer realidad la promesa de “alta tecnología para un alto contacto”, promoviendo un encuentro entre seres humanos potenciado, y posiblemente obstaculizado, por las tecnologías digitales. Este trabajo propone partir de los conceptos de control de la tecnología digital, participación, educación y ética para diseñar una agenda de investigación con horizonte 2050.

Este trabajo ha sido diseñado para desplazar la atención de los investigadores hacia un enfoque de transformación digital centrado en el ser humano para reflexionar sobre la relación ser humano-máquina para una sociedad mejor. Por sus características internas, el ámbito de los viajes puede propiciar una reflexión sobre este tema reafirmando la centralidad del ser humano y su autoría en la creación del producto turístico.

This study aims to understand how travelers evaluate travel destination recommendations received from either artificial intelligence (AI) or human travel experts (TEs) based on the size of recommendation and their travel involvement.

This study used a 2 (agent type: AI vs TE) × 2 (size of recommendation: small vs large) × 2 (travel involvement: low vs high) between-subjects design.

When AI recommends destinations, less-involved travelers perceive the recommendations as more credible and trust the system when AI offers larger recommendations than smaller ones. Meanwhile, when TEs offer recommendations, travelers consider the recommendations as equally credible and similarly trust the system, regardless of the recommendation size and travel involvement.

This study sheds light on the design of human-centered AI travel destination recommendation services.

本研究旨在了解旅行者如何根据推荐的规模和他们的旅行参与度来评估从人工智能 (AI) 或人类旅行专家 (TE) 收到的旅行目的地推荐。

本研究使用 2（代理类型：AI 与 TE）×2（推荐数量：小与大）×2（旅行参与：低与高）受试者间设计。

当 AI 推荐目的地时, 参与度较低的旅行者认为推荐更可信, 并且当 AI 提供的建议比较小的建议大时信任系统。 同时, 当 TE 提供推荐时, 无论推荐数量大小和旅行参与度如何, 旅行者都认为这些推荐同样可信并且同样信任系统。

这项研究揭示了以人为本的人工智能旅游目的地推荐服务的设计。

This study aims to incorporate innovative technology (i.e. blockchain) into the design of an online travel agency (B-OTA). The authors accelerated the design of the prototype system through expert interviews to understand the convenience of the blockchain travel and accommodation platform for users. The authors further validated the prototype system design and improved reference capability through usability testing.

Rapid prototyping of B-OTA was carried out through the Delphi method and literature compilation. Design validation of usability testing was conducted using modified systematic evaluation methodology. Prototype system suggestions and improvements were collected through feedback from test subjects.

This study will be helpful for the development of B-OTAs and related technologies. Through usability testing, the authors verified that creating a familiar operating environment for users can reduce users’ fear of unfamiliar technology. The results of this research provide future B-OTA researchers and practitioners with design guidelines.

Beyond the blockchain-related technologies used, few studies have reported experiences and interface design of B-OTAs. This study states that, as many human–computer interaction-related papers have pointed out, the basic prerequisite for successful interface design is a clearer definition of users’ needs during operation. User experience and user interface design should provide a good user experience.

本研究旨在在线旅行社 (B-OTA) 的设计中融入创新技术（即区块链）。通过专家访谈了解了区块链旅行的方便性和用户打造的住宿平台, 从而加快了原型系统设计。我们进一步通过可用性测试验证原型系统设计并提高其参考能力。

进行了 B-OTA 的快速原型设计通过德尔菲法和文献汇编。设计验证可用性测试是使用修改后的系统评估进行的方法。通过收集受试者的建议对原型系统进行改进。

本研究将有助于B-OTAs及相关领域的发展技术。通过可用性测试, 我们验证了创建一个熟悉的用户的操作环境可以减少用户对陌生技术的恐惧。我们的研究结果为未来的 B-OTA 研究人员和从业者提供了设计相关的指南。

除了使用的区块链相关技术之外, 很少有研究报告了 B-OTA 的经验和界面设计。这项研究指出, 正如许多 HCI 相关论文所指出的, 成功的界面设计基本的先决条件是在使用过程中更清晰地定义用户需求。用户体验和用户界面设计应该提供良好的用户体验。

Laws, regulations, and policies, including specific intergovernmental visa agreements, exert significant influences on people’s mobility and cross-border travels. Such forces are powerful in shaping the emerging Asian tourism market. This chapter provides a critical review and analysis of the laws and regulations that have shaped Chinese outbound tourism. It first reviews the evolution of China’s policies and government attitude toward outbound tourism. The three tourism administration regulations promulgated by the State Council are then reviewed and their implications for outbound tourism are discussed. The Tourism Law enacted in 2013 is reviewed and discussed separately due to its significance and supreme power in China’s legal system. Finally, the chapter discusses the impact of intergovernmental visa facilitation arrangements on Chinese outbound tourism.

The authors hope to filter valuable information from online reviews, obtain objective and accurate information about the demands of auto consumers and help auto companies develop more reasonable production and marketing strategies for healthy and sustainable development. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned objectives.

The authors collected review data from online automotive forums and generated a corpus after pre-processing. Then, the authors extracted consumer demands and topics using the LDA model. Finally, the authors used a trained Word2vec tool to extend the consumer demand topics.

Different types of vehicle consumers have the same demands, such as “Space,” “Power Performance,” and “Brand Comparison,” and distinct demands, such as “Appearance,” “Safety,” “Service,” and “New Energy Features”; consumers who buy new energy vehicles are still accustomed to comparing with the brands or models of fuel vehicles; new energy vehicles consumers pay more attention to services and service quality during the purchasing and using process.

The development time of new energy vehicles is relatively short, with some models being available for only one year or even six months. The smaller amount of available data may impact the applicability of topic models. The sample size, especially for new energy vehicles, needs to be increased to improve the general applicability of topic models further.

First, this measure helps online review websites improve their existing review publication mechanisms, enhance the overall quality of online review content, increase user traffic and promote the healthy development of online review websites. Second, this allows for timely adjustments in future product production and sales plans and further enhances automotive companies' ability to leverage online reviews for Internet marketing.

The authors have improved the accuracy and stability of the fused topic model, providing a scientific and efficient research tool for multi-dimensional topic mining of online reviews. With the help of research results, consumers can more easily understand the discussion topics and thus filter out valuable reference information. As a result, automotive companies may gain information about consumer demands and product quality feedback and thus quickly adjust production and marketing strategies to increase sales and market share.