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1 – 10 of 52Susheel Pandey, Rajeev Srivastava, Christ Prakash Paul, Arun Kumar Rai and Rakesh Narain
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on mechanical behaviour of the laser-directed energy deposition (LDED)-based printed 15-5 PH stainless…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on mechanical behaviour of the laser-directed energy deposition (LDED)-based printed 15-5 PH stainless steel with U and V notches. The study specifically concentrates on the evaluation of effect of scan strategy, machining and LSP processing on microstructural, texture evolution and fatigue behaviour of LDED-printed 15-5 PH steel.
Design/methodology/approach
For LSP treatment, 15-5 PH steel was printed using LDED process with bidirectional scanning strategy (XX [θ = 0°) and XY [θ = 90°]) at optimised laser power of 600 W with a scanning speed of 300 mm/min and a powder feed rate of 3 g/min. Furthermore, LSP treatment was conducted on the V- and U-notched fatigue specimens extracted from LDED-built samples at laser energy of 3.5 J with a pulse width of 10 ns using laser spot diameter of 3 mm. Post to the LSP treatment, the surface roughness, fatigue life assessment and microstructural evolution analysis is performed. For this, different advanced characterisation techniques are used, such as scanning electron microscopy attached with electron backscatter diffraction for microstructure and texture, X-ray diffraction for residual stress (RS) and structure information, Vicker’s hardness tester for microhardness and universal testing machine for low-cycle fatigue.
Findings
It is observed that both scanning strategies during the LDED printing of 15-5 PH steel and laser peening have played significant role in fatigue life. Specimens with the XY printing strategy shows higher fatigue life as compared to XX with both U- and V-notched conditions. Furthermore, machining and LSP treatment led to a significant improvement of fatigue life for both scanning strategies with U and V notches. The extent of increase in fatigue life for both XX and XY scanning strategy with V notch is found to be higher than U notch after LSP treatment, though without LSP samples with U notch have a higher fatigue life. As fabricated sample is found to have the lowest fatigue life as compared to machines and laser peened with both scan strategies.
Originality/value
This study presents an innovative method to improve the fatigue life of 15-5 PH stainless steel by changing the microstructure, texture and RS with the adoption of a suitable scanning strategy, machining and LSP treatment as post-processing. The combination of preferred microstructure and compressive RS in LDED-printed 15-5 PH stainless steel achieved with a synergy between microstructure and RS, which is responsible to improve the fatigue life. This can be adopted for the futuristic application of LDED-printed 15-5 PH stainless steel for different applications in aerospace and other industries.
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Daniyal Sayadi, Hossein Rangrizian, Alireza Khodabandeh, Mohammadreza Khosrojerdi, Mohsen Khajehzadeh and Mohammad Reza Razfar
In this study, two postprocessing techniques, namely, conventional burnishing (CB) and ultrasonic-assisted burnishing (UAB), were applied to improve the fatigue behavior of 316 L…
Abstract
Purpose
In this study, two postprocessing techniques, namely, conventional burnishing (CB) and ultrasonic-assisted burnishing (UAB), were applied to improve the fatigue behavior of 316 L stainless steel fabricated through selective laser melting (SLM). The effects of these processes on surface roughness, porosity, microhardness and fatigue performance were experimentally investigated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of ultrasonic-assisted burnishing as a preferred post-processing technique for enhancing the fatigue performance of additively manufactured components.
Design/methodology/approach
All samples were subjected to a sandblasting process. Next, the samples were divided into three distinct groups. The first group (as-Built) did not undergo any additional postprocessing, apart from sandblasting. The second group was treated with CB, while the third group was treated with ultrasonic-assisted burnishing. Finally, all samples were evaluated based on their surface roughness, porosity, microhardness and fatigue performance.
Findings
The results revealed that the initial mean surface roughness (Ra) of the as-built sample was 11.438 µm. However, after undergoing CB and UAB treatments, the surface roughness decreased to 1.629 and 0.278 µm, respectively. Notably, the UAB process proved more effective in eliminating near-surface pores and improving the microhardness of the samples compared to the CB process. Furthermore, the fatigue life of the as-built sample, initially at 66,000 cycles, experienced a slight improvement after CB treatment, reaching 347,000 cycles. However, the UAB process significantly enhanced the fatigue life of the samples, extending it to 620,000 cycles.
Originality/value
After reviewing the literature, it can be concluded that UAB will exceed the capabilities of CB in terms of enhancing the surface roughness and, subsequently, the fatigue performance of additive manufactured (AM) metals. However, the actual impact of the UAB process on the fatigue life of AM products has not yet been thoroughly researched. Therefore, in this study, this paper used the burnishing process to enhance the fatigue life of 316 L stainless steel produced through the SLM process.
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Renato de Oliveira Souza, Sandro Cabral and Priscila Fernandes Ribeiro
This paper aims to examine the effects on firms' outcomes of a new government regulation on the private security industry that aimed to enhance the selection and training…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effects on firms' outcomes of a new government regulation on the private security industry that aimed to enhance the selection and training processes for armed-private security officers.
Design/methodology/approach
By using human capital theory and using a data set built from various public sources, this study analyzes the effects of a new regulation implemented in 2013–2014 in Brazil mandating psychological assessments for hiring private security armed officers. Firm-level data and a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) identification strategy are used to investigate the effects on turnover and human capital outcomes.
Findings
The study identifies substantial changes resulting from the new government regulation in private security firms. While it has led to increased turnover rates, the regulation has also facilitated firms in enhancing the human capital composition of their workforce by enabling the recruitment of more experienced personnel.
Research limitations/implications
This research informs to current debates on the effects of policy interventions on firm's outcomes by showing how regulations aimed to improve the configuration of human capital can generate win-win situations for both firms and citizens, despite the short-term trade-offs between higher turnover rates and improved human capital outcomes.
Practical implications
Refining selection and training processes can enhance the workforce in private security firms by replacing less capable professionals with more experienced ones. Insights from this study offer guidance to policymakers and industry practitioners in shaping effective business and public policies.
Social implications
This study underscores the role of training and psychological assessments in enhancing the composition of human capital in the private security industry.
Originality/value
By highlighting the role of policy interventions in establishing barriers to unskilled workers engaging in hazardous activities, this study contributes to the burgeoning literature in strategic management on the interaction between policy interventions and firm outcomes.
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Oluwabunmi O. Adejumo, Joshua F. Obisanya and Folashade O. Akinyemi
Women’s direct or subtle exclusion from the labour market is still evident, necessitating more rigorous inquiries into the subject matter. The study aims to assess the moderating…
Abstract
Purpose
Women’s direct or subtle exclusion from the labour market is still evident, necessitating more rigorous inquiries into the subject matter. The study aims to assess the moderating factors that can boost the inclusion of women participation in the labour market by complementing and actualising the doctrine of the feminist U-shaped hypothesis.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is situated within the feminist U-shaped hypothesis and employs the generalised method of moments (GMM) on 38 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
Findings
This study validates the U-shaped labour hypothesis and expands on the moderating effects of the U-shaped curve in 38 SSA countries.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the influences of human capital development and technological access that can significantly improve the workings of the feminist U- hypothesis in SSA countries.
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Jodie Moll, Soon Yong Ang, Chamara Kuruppu and Pawan Adhikari
This paper examines the Australian and New Zealand government’s wellbeing budget reforms.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines the Australian and New Zealand government’s wellbeing budget reforms.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper describes the development of wellbeing budgeting in Australia and New Zealand based on an analysis of official websites, documents and media sources.
Findings
Both governments have experienced challenges identifying measures representing different areas of wellbeing and recognising the connections between the measures applied. They have found it difficult to access reliable data. The development of wellbeing budgeting also raises questions about participation, data reporting, and presentation, which can impact its efficacy.
Research limitations/implications
The paper outlines practical challenges governments face in creating and using wellbeing budgets. It proposes a future research agenda to deepen our understanding of these issues and their social and economic implications. The scope of the study is limited to publicly available documents.
Originality/value
This is one of the few studies investigating wellbeing budgeting, which has evolved as an important tool for public governance. Therefore, the study’s findings may draw substantial interest and attention from practitioners, researchers and government policymakers wanting to integrate these reforms into their governance machinery.
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Jiunwen Wang, Ivy Chia and Jerry Yap
The purpose of this study is to document the process of transformative learning during students’ internships.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to document the process of transformative learning during students’ internships.
Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative study was conducted with 13 interviewed students to gain deeper insights into their learning experiences during their internships. Their weekly reflections from their 6 month’s internship experience were also coded for common themes.
Findings
The study found numerous trigger events ranging from task-related challenges to interpersonal challenges to environmental challenges led to mindset shifts in students during their internships. The mindset shifts are enabled by students engaging in the trigger events through asking questions, seeking information and reflecting. Other enablers of these mindset shifts are workplace psychological safety, social support and individual learning orientation. The conclusion drawn is that trigger events and enabling resources such as external support are central to healthy mindset shifts and learning.
Practical implications
This paper provides important guidance for supporting transformative learning during student internships.
Originality/value
This paper provides important guidance for supporting transformative learning during student internships.
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Wejdan Alakaleek, Sarah Yvonne Cooper, Barbara Orser and Richard Harrison
This study sought to examine how women founders navigate gender and cultural influences in constructing network ties in Jordan.
Abstract
Purpose
This study sought to examine how women founders navigate gender and cultural influences in constructing network ties in Jordan.
Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews document the experiences of 14 women founders operating digital technology-based businesses in Amman, Jordan.
Findings
Gender homogenous ties were perceived to be of diminished quality, limiting the ability of the women founders to acquire resources while risking isolation from diverse networks. Formal professional, male-centric ties were perceived to offer more business impact due to the applicability and usefulness of information. Formal communication, use of intermediaries and industry events were used to develop network ties. These approaches enable founders to respect gendered collectivist norms, such as adhering to family members’ expectations about occupational roles, while meeting new business associates. The strength of network ties emerged as a continuum with strong, weak and midpoint ties. Midpoint ties offered valued encouragement and emotional support but were perceived to be less effective and provided fewer resources compared to strong network ties.
Originality/value
Mechanisms of gender inequality are evidenced in how gender, culture and social networks operate in relation to each other. Perceptions reflect culturally situated, within-group stereotypes, informing how women founders discount other women’s knowledge and experience.
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Shumank Deep, Sushant Vishnoi, Radhika Malhotra, Smriti Mathur, Hrishikesh Yawale, Amit Kumar and Anju Singla
Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies possess the potential to transform the scenario of making real estate investment decisions through the immersive…
Abstract
Purpose
Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies possess the potential to transform the scenario of making real estate investment decisions through the immersive experience they offer. From the literature it was observed that the research in this domain is still emergent and there is a need to identify the latent variables that influence real estate investment decisions. Therefore, by examining the effects of these technologies on investment decision-making, the purpose of the study is to provide valuable insights into how AR and VR could be applied to enhance customers' property buying experiences and assist in their decision-making process.
Design/methodology/approach
From an extensive review of the literature four latent variables and their measure were identified, and based on these a survey instrument was developed. The survey was distributed online and received 300 responses from the respondents including home buyers, developers, AEC professionals and real estate agents. To validate the latent variables exploratory factor analysis was used whereas to establish their criticality second-order confirmatory factor analysis was used.
Findings
From the results, the four latent constructs were identified based on standard factor loadings (SFL) that is Confident Value Perception (CVP, SFL = 0.70), Innovative Investment Appeal (IIA, SFL = 0.60), Trusted Property Transactions (TPT, SFL = 0.58) and Effortless Property Engagement (EPE, SFL = 0.54), that significantly influence investor decision-making and property purchase experience.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on real estate investment decisions by providing empirical evidence on the role of AR and VR technologies. The identified key variables provided practical guidelines for developers, investors and policymakers in understanding and leveraging the potential of AR and VR technologies in the real estate industry.
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Muhammad Arif Mahmood, Marwan Khraisheh, Andrei C. Popescu and Frank Liou
This study aims to develop a holistic method that integrates finite element modeling, machine learning, and experimental validation to propose processing windows for optimizing…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop a holistic method that integrates finite element modeling, machine learning, and experimental validation to propose processing windows for optimizing the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process specific to the Al-357 alloy.
Design/methodology/approach
Validation of a 3D heat transfer simulation model was conducted to forecast melt pool dimensions, involving variations in laser power, laser scanning speed, powder bed thickness (PBT) and powder bed pre-heating (PHB). Using the validated model, a data set was compiled to establish a back-propagation-based machine learning capable of predicting melt pool dimensional ratios indicative of printing defects.
Findings
The study revealed that, apart from process parameters, PBT and PHB significantly influenced defect formation. Elevated PHBs were identified as contributors to increased lack of fusion and keyhole defects. Optimal combinations were pinpointed, such as 30.0 µm PBT with 90.0 and 120.0 °C PHBs and 50.0 µm PBT with 120.0 °C PHB.
Originality/value
The integrated process mapping approach showcased the potential to expedite the qualification of LPBF parameters for Al-357 alloy by minimizing the need for iterative physical testing.
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Badreya Al Bloushi, Khalid Mehmood, Fauzia Jabeen and Ahmed Alharmoodi
Drawing upon curiosity drive theory, we examine the effects of epistemic curiosity (EC) on employees' innovative work behavior. Additionally, we explore the potential mediating…
Abstract
Purpose
Drawing upon curiosity drive theory, we examine the effects of epistemic curiosity (EC) on employees' innovative work behavior. Additionally, we explore the potential mediating role of work engagement (WE) and the moderating effects of leader-member exchange (LMX).
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 406 employees employed in public service organizations within the United Arab Emirates. Structural equation modeling was employed as the analytical approach to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The findings of this study indicate that EC is positively related to innovative work behavior. Further, WE mediates the relationship between EC and creative work behavior. Moreover, LMX moderates the indirect effect of WE on the link between EC (interest and deprivation types) and innovative work behavior. The mediating association is stronger when the leader and member’s exchange is high.
Practical implications
This study will assist practitioners of service organizations in focusing their attention on EC to enhance employees' innovative work behavior and achieve optimal performance. Our research extends work on interest and innovative work behavior in an emerging economic context.
Originality/value
Our study suggests that policymakers should embrace the philosophy of curiosity to nurture innovative behavior in the workplace.
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