Enhanced GAF protocol based on graph theory to optimize energy efficiency and lifetime in WSN technology
International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems
ISSN: 2049-6427
Article publication date: 2 December 2021
Issue publication date: 10 April 2023
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design an enhanced routing protocol to minimize energy consumed and extend network lifetime in sensor network (WSN).
Design/methodology/approach
With the use of appropriate routing protocols, data collected by sensor nodes reache the BS. The entire network lifetime can be extended well beyond that of its single nodes by putting the nodes in sleep state when they are not in use, and make active just a single node at a time within a given area of interest. So that, the lowest-cost routing arises by minimizing the communication cost. This paper proposes an enhanced adaptive geographic fidelity (E-GAF) routing protocol based on theory of graphs approach to improve the discovery phase, select the optimal path, reduce the energy used by nodes and therefore extend the network lifetime. Following the simulations established by varying the number of grids and tests, a comparison is made between the E-GAF and basic GAF (B-GAF) based on the number of dead nodes and energy consumption.
Findings
The results obtained show that E-GAF is better than the existing basic GAF protocol in terms of energy efficiency and network lifetime.
Originality/value
This paper adopts the latest optimization algorithm know as E-GAF, which is used to solve the problem of energy and improve the network lifetime in a WSN. This is the first work that utilizes network lifetime in WSN.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors jointly acknowledge Dr Abdelghani Chakhchar from the Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco, for his assistance with the statistical analysis and Dr Youssef Ouakrim from Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco, for his contribution in the mathematical conception of the problem.
Citation
Hanane, A., Ullah, A. and Raghay, S. (2023), "Enhanced GAF protocol based on graph theory to optimize energy efficiency and lifetime in WSN technology", International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 214-225. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIUS-08-2021-0096
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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