Index
Torben Juul Andersen
(Copenhagen Business School, Denmark)
A Study of Risky Business Outcomes: Adapting to Strategic Disruption
ISBN: 978-1-83797-075-9, eISBN: 978-1-83797-074-2
Publication date: 29 September 2023
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Andersen, T.J. (2023), "Index", A Study of Risky Business Outcomes: Adapting to Strategic Disruption (Emerald Studies in Global Strategic Responsiveness), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 159-163. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83797-074-220231011
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2023 Torben Juul Andersen
INDEX
Accounting
, 86–90
manipulation
, 81
Adaptive capabilities
, 5–6
Adaptive learning process
, 102
Adaptive planning
, 111
Adaptive processes
, 102–105
Adaptive responses
, 104
Advanced Tissue Sciences Inc.
, 130
Alternative simulations
, 149–150
Altman’s Z2 (ALT Z)
, 83
American credit rating
, 16
Amerityre Corporation
, 131
Ancor Communications Inc.
, 133
Ariel Corp.
, 133–134
Armanino Foods Distinction
, 137
Autonomous investments (AUT)
, 86, 112
Average lifespan
, 31
Background and prior studies
, 66
theoretical underpinnings
, 68–76
Bankruptcy risk
, 83
Behavioral theory of firm
, 69, 98
Bioject Medical Technologies
, 134–135
Bloomberg records
, 25
Bowman paradox
, 4, 67, 69, 90, 98, 122, 143, 152
C-phone Corp
, 133
Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)
, 4, 67, 72, 147
Cardiodynamics International Corp.
, 135–136
Cardiovascular system (CVS)
, 138
Cash flow returns (CFRE)
, 39, 82, 85, 92
Cash holdings (CASH)
, 86
Central nervous system (CNS)
, 138
CEO tenure
, 6
ChromaDex Corporation
, 130
Climate change
, 2
“Closest fit” technique (CF technique)
, 23
Coefficient of variation
, 90
Collaborative approaches
, 8
Complete case approach
, 21–22, 35, 38, 48–49
Compustat
, 25
databases
, 16
North American Fundamental Annuals database
, 16
Computational analyses
, 106–107
Computational model
, 100–102
Computational simulations
, 5
Contemporary business activities
, 2
general background
, 4–6
methodological approach
, 6–8
negative and positive outliers
, 3
relationship between performance and risk
, 5
Contemporary firms
, 2, 120
Conventional planning-based control approaches
, 8
Corporate investment decisions
, 68
Corporate performance
, 98
Data analyzing
, 147–149
Data cleaning process
, 18–21
complete case approach
, 21–22
dataset construction
, 17–18
industry classification systems
, 19
KNN approach
, 23–24
missing values in original datasets
, 20
multiple imputation approach
, 22–23
smooth imputation
, 24–26
Data outliers
, 38–39
Data sampling
, 144–145
Dataset construction
, 17–18
DiaSys Diagnostic Systems
, 134
Disc, Inc.
, 132–133
Discounted cash flow (DCF)
, 68
Disruptive events
, 99
Distributions
, 48–53
characteristics
, 34–38
patterns
, 83
Dynamic capabilities
, 70–71, 98–99
Dynamic complex systems
, 7
Economic conditions, effects of
, 92–93
Effective strategic responsiveness
, 71
Empirical analyses
, 5
Empirical data studies
, 3
Empirical regularities
, 3
Empirical studies
, 67
Empirical validation
, 112–113
Ethical conduct
, 6
European data
, 16
European datasets
, 16, 20, 61
European Economic Area (EEA)
, 16
European firms
, 16
Executive overconfidence
, 88–89
Exploratory simulation studies
, 143
Extended data analysis
, 48
normality criteria
, 56–64
original European and North American data with complete dataset
, 50–51
outliers and distributions
, 48–53
persistency of outliers
, 53–56
ROA distributions
, 52
Extreme disaster-like losses
, 66
Extreme events
, 6
Extreme outcomes
, 120
Extreme outliers
, 38, 40–41
Extreme values
, 52
Extreme weather events
, 2
Fences
, 38
Finance scholars
, 68
Finance studies
, 67, 72–76
Finance theory
, 67
Financial crisis
, 92
Financial research agency
, 16
Financial returns
, 66
analysis
, 120–123
Fine-grained analyses
, 39–42
Firms
, 31, 98, 101
firm-specific traits
, 74
performance
, 5
returns
, 74
Flexibility
, 90, 142
Forensic techniques
, 123
Formal planning
, 8
Framing logic
, 7
Frequency diagrams
, 48
Gaussian distribution
, 72
Gaussian normality features
, 3
Gaussian statistical methods
, 72
Gaussian statistics
, 120
Geopolitical tensions
, 2
Global financial crisis
, 2
Good management
, 70
Graco Inc.
, 136–137
High excess kurtosis
, 144
Humbleness
, 6
Idiosyncratic organizational risks
, 68
Imputation methods
, 18
Imputation treatments on geographical dataset
, 44–45
Industry-related effects
, 90–92
Inner fences
, 38
Innovation Gaming Group
, 136
Interactive controls
, 103
Interactive strategy-making approach
, 5
Interactive updating
, 111–112
Inverse risk-return characteristics
, 3
Inverse risk-return relationships
, 69, 144
Investment analysis
, 38
Italiaonline s.p.a.
, 25
k closest observations
, 24
K-nearest neighbor approach (KNN approach)
, 23–24, 35, 144
k-number (k)
, 24
Kurtosis
, 34–35, 57, 85
of ROA distribution
, 36–37
Leadership
effects
, 86–90
traits
, 148
Learning
, 149
Left-skewed performance distributions
, 142
Left-skewed returns
, 127
Leptokurtic distribution
, 127
Linear regression analysis
, 3
Lotus Pharmaceuticals Inc.
, 138
Management scholars
, 68
Management studies
, 66–69
Managing risk events
, 120
Maneuverability
, 86
Manhattan distance
, 23
Market-based returns
, 73
Mathematical derivations
, 5
Military conflict
, 2
Missing values
, 18
Missing-completely-at-random (MCAR)
, 21–22
Multiple imputation approach
, 22–23
Multiple Imputation Chained Equation (MICE)
, 21–22, 144
imputation methodology
, 35
Negative outliers
, 123
Negative risk-return phenomenon
, 67
Negative risk-return relationships
, 70, 74, 98, 142
Negative skew in stock returns
, 73
Negatively skewed distributions
, 70
Net income
, 83
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
, 130
Nicotinamide riboside (NR)
, 130
Non-insurable incidents
, 2
Normal distribution
, 57
Normality assumption
, 57
Normality criteria
, 56–64
North American databases
, 16
North American dataset
, 20, 62–63
Openness
, 142
Operating activities net cash flows (OANCF)
, 82, 85, 92
Operating margin (OPM)
, 39, 42
Optimism
, 6
Ordinary least-square regressions
, 70
Organization for Economic and Co-operation and Development (OECD)
, 17
Organization studies
, 8
Organizational ability
, 2
Organizational adaptation processes
, 4–5
Organizational learning
, 107
Organizational studies
, 66
Organizations
, 2
Outer fences
, 38
Outliers
, 38, 40–41, 48–53, 119
analyzing
, 150–151
financial return analysis
, 120–123
identifying
, 123–127
return outcomes and risk correlations of manufacturing firms
, 122
Overconfidence (OVER)
, 6, 70, 88, 112
Overconfident executives
, 87
Pandemic
, 2
Path-dependent random walk
, 102
Performance distributions of firms
, 66
Performance function
, 101
Performance measures
, 17
for European and North American Datasets
, 27–28
Performance outcomes
, 2
Persistency of outliers
, 53–56
Platykurtic frequency distribution
, 86
Point of Care Nano-Technology Inc. (PCNT)
, 25
Positive outliers
, 126
Positively skewed distribution
, 73
Predictive mean matching (PMM)
, 23
Preliminary data analysis
, 30
data outliers
, 38–39
distribution characteristics
, 34–38
findings
, 42–43
fine-grained analyses
, 39–42
missing values
, 30–31
number of firms and lifespans
, 31–34
Price volatility of individual stocks
, 73
Prospect theory
, 69, 98
Quartile approach
, 48
Randomness
, 71
Rapid environmental changes
, 142
Relative ratio
, 67
Resilience
, 7
to complexity
, 7–8
Resilient organizations
, 7
Response capabilities
, 10, 127
Response models
, 4
Responsiveness model
, 109–110
Return on assets (ROA)
, 22, 30, 67, 82
needed decrease in share of observations and companies per industry to make ROA distribution normal
, 60
outliers in North American and European datasets across different company sizes
, 58–59
Risk behavior
, 6
Risk propensity
, 5
Risk-neutral return distributions
, 73–74
Risk-return effects
, 71
Risk-return relationships
, 70
Securities and Exchange Commission Office (SEC)
, 17–18
Semiautomated approaches
, 3
Size effects
, 48
Skewness
, 34–35, 57
of ROA distribution
, 36–37
Smooth imputation
, 24–26
Soligen Technologies
, 132
SQI Diagnostics
, 129
Standard & Poor (S&P)
, 16
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
, 17
Static stochastic process
, 102
Stationary stochastic process
, 101
Statistical measure kurtosis
, 48
Statistical skewness measure
, 48
Stock beta
, 73
Stock price
, 67
developments
, 73
Strategic adaptation
, 5, 98, 142
general background
, 98–99
strategic responsiveness
, 99–113
Strategic fit
, 100
Strategic response capabilities
, 70
Strategic responsiveness
, 99
adaptive processes
, 102–105
computational analyses
, 106–107
computational model
, 100–102
effects of major disruptions
, 107–111
empirical validation
, 112–113
Strategic threats
, 68
Subsamples
, 86
accounting and leadership effects
, 86–90
accounting and leadership statistics for firms above and below median ROA
, 89
analyzing data
, 83–86
descriptive statistics on key performance variables for manufacturing firms
, 85
effects of economic conditions
, 92–93
frequency diagrams of net income, total assets, and ROA
, 84
industry-related effects
, 90–92
statistics for firms performing above and below median ROA
, 89
statistics on leadership and accounting variables for manufacturing firms
, 88
Sunrise Technology
, 129–130
Sustainable competitive advantage
, 2
Systematic risk
, 67
Theoretical foundations
, 145–147
Time-periods
, 5
Tobin’s q (TQ)
, 17, 82, 85, 148–149
Trace plots
, 23
United Energy Corporation (UEC)
, 131
United-Guardian
, 138
Unsystematic risk
, 67–68
Vidamed Inc.
, 135
Vitreous Glass
, 139
Waterfurnace renewable energy
, 140
WD-40
, 139
Wicked problems
, 8
Winsorization
, 57, 150
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Managing (in) a Disruptive World
- Chapter 2: Collecting the Data
- Chapter 3: Preliminary Data Analysis
- Chapter 4: Extended Data Analysis
- Chapter 5: Background and Prior Studies
- Chapter 6: Analyzing Manufacturing Subsamples
- Chapter 7: Simulating Strategic Adaptation
- Chapter 8: Examining the Outliers
- Chapter 9: Summary and Conclusion
- Index